Paradigms and Paradoxes: Energetics of Aqueous Oxyanions of Nonmetals and Metalloids

The enthalpies of formation of simple nonmetal or metalloid oxyanions in aqueous solution are discussed. Archival values are cited and estimates are made. Trends prove evasive.     

Study of local lattice relaxation of substitutional impurities in silicon and germanium

Local lattice relaxation of substitutional donors in silicon investigated using self‐consistent multiple scattering Xα (MSXα) method within the framework of the standard muffin‐tin potential approximation is extended to substitutional donors in germanium and substitutional acceptors in both silicon and germanium. Incorporating the effect of lattice relaxation surrounding the impurity makes the model suitable for both shallow and deep levels. Chemical trends of some aspects of impurity states, such as local lattice relaxation and charge transfer, of the impurities both in silicon and germanium are inferred. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004     

Coastal wetland in South China： Degradation trends, causes and protection countermeasures

There are abundant coastal wetlands in South China and their main characters are the tidal flats, mangroves and coral reefs. In this paper, the status quo of coastal wetlands in South China is introduced and their degradation trends in the last decades are analyzed based on the existing literatures and information. Their degradation trends are characterized by reduction of coastal wetlands＇ area, pollution of seawater environment, degeneration of ecological environment, sharp decrease of biodiversity in the wetlands and so on. At the same time, the causes resulting in the above-mentioned degradations are discussed, mainly concluding imperfect systems of management and legislation, deficient property and assessment systems of the wetlands, weak consciousness of protecting coastal wetlands, shortage of basic study and backward management level and so on. Some countermeasures are put forward for the sake of a sustainable use of the coastal wetlands of South China, mainly including establishing and perfecting administrative and legal systems for the coastal wetlands, developing the study on assessment of coastal wetland, heightening the consciousness of public participation, and strengthening scientific research and establishment of wetland nature reserves.     

论地理信息系统的发展机理与发展趋势

从地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的发展渊源出发，总结了地理信息系统发展的４个阶段：６０年代起步阶段；７０年代发展阶段；８０年代应用阶段；９０年代成熟阶段．提出了地理信息系统的４个发展趋势：体系结构日臻完善；向多用途综合化方向发展；向智能型辅助决策方向发展；向实用型产业化方向发展     

Coastal wetland in South China:Degradation trends,causes and protection countermeasures

There are abundant coastal wetlands in South China and their main characters are the tidal flats, mangroves and coral reefs. In this paper, the status quo of coastal wetlands in South China is introduced and their degradation trends in the last decades are analyzed based on the existing literatures and information. Their degradation trends are characterized by reduction of coastal wetlands’ area, pollution of seawater environment, degeneration of ecological environment, sharp decrease of biodiversity in the wetlands and so on. At the same time, the causes resulting in the above-mentioned degradations are discussed, mainly concluding imperfect systems of management and legislation, deficient property and assessment systems of the wetlands, weak consciousness of protecting coastal wetlands, shortage of basic study and backward management level and so on. Some countermeasures are put forward for the sake of a sustainable use of the coastal wetlands of South China, mainly including establishing and perfecting administrative and legal systems for the coastal wetlands, developing the study on assessment of coastal wetland, heightening the consciousness of public participation, and strengthening scientific research and establishment of wetland nature reserves.     

科学发现新时期的高能物理研究前沿与发展趋势

本文通过文献调研了亚洲、欧洲和北美等国家（地区）高能物理研究的基本情况，归纳了国际高能物理研究计划和研究前沿、国际合作的重点领域，归纳分析了高能物理的发展趋势，以期为我国在科学发现的新时代把握发展的良机提供决策参考。     

火灾探测技术的现状及发展方向

对火灾自动探测技术的发展概况及优缺点进行了总结，指出了今后发展方向，尤其介绍了CO作为探测特性参数之一的必要性：最后指出了今后尚需解决的课题：如低功耗、高灵敏度CO传感器的应用及与其他传感元件的复合：主动吸气式探测技术在普通环境中应用；分布光纤测温技术研究及产品化：特殊场所的火灾探测：以及降低成本的同时与自动化、现代通讯及其他领域新技术的进一步融合等问题。     

太原市大气环境指标与源排放变化趋势相关分析

通过对1997年—2003年的环境监测数据和重点工业企业污染源环境统计年报数据的统计，利用秩相关检验分析方法．分析了环境指标与污染源排放变化趋势的一致性，进一步说明了污染源排放对环境污染的影响。     

基于知识图谱的我国农产品品牌研究述评

依据科学知识图谱相关理论，利用CiteSpace软件对农产品品牌相关文献进行可视化分析，再利用Netdraw软件描绘主要研究内容的网络关系，对我国农产品品牌研究的热点内容、演进历程和趋势进行分析.结果表明，农产品品牌研究内容主要集中在农产品品牌属性结构及效应、品牌评价、品牌建设运营及区域品牌/地理标志品牌等方面.研究内容的演进路径反映了不同阶段的研究特色，也契合了国家政策调整和经济社会发展需求变化.我国专注于农产品品牌研究的学者和机构较少，学者间或机构间也未建立起紧密的合作关系.未来研究应进一步完善农产品品牌基本理论及研究方法，拓展农产品品牌研究的深度与广度，建立合作紧密的学术研究网络.     

楚雄市气候变化及对水资源的影响

利用楚雄市1961～2010年50 a的气候和水资源等资料,分析了楚雄市近半个世纪以来气候的变化及其对径流、水资源变化的影响.分析结果表明:50 a来楚雄市各季和年平均气温均呈上升趋势,年平均气温以0.33℃/10 a速率上升,冬季平均气温增暖速率最为显著;近50 a来楚雄市年降水量有增多的趋势,以21.26mm/10 a的速度在递增.春季和夏季降水量增加较多;而冬季和秋季平均降水量则呈缓慢增多的趋势.水资源总量、地表水径流量、地下水呈减少趋势.