45钢固体粉末法稀土、硼、铬、铝共渗工艺研究

研究了RE_Mg合金对固体粉末法硼、铬、铝共渗层成分、组织和性能的影响 .发现随着RE_Mg合金加入量的增加 ,渗层中Al2 O3的量不断增多 ,当RE_Mg合金加入量为 5 %时 ,渗层中出现连续致密分布的Al2 O3黑区组织 ,对此进行了性能测试和机理探讨     

一种新型彩色三维光学成像系统

提出一种新型三维彩色光学数字成像系统。此系统利用投影结构光对现实世界中的物体进行数字化，同时得到对应的彩色纹理。详细介绍了系统的硬件设计和软件体系结构设计，得到物体彩色纹理的两种不同方法；直接获取和从编码条纹中提取，给出了用该系统得到的实验结果并简单评价了系统的性能。此系统在反求工程、影视制作、三维游戏制作、医学应用等方面有远大的应用前景。     

Statistical approach to light scattering from deformed textured heterogeneous polymer materials

A statistical theory of light scattering from deformed isotropic and textured heterogeneous polymer materials is formulated. Two types of textured structures are analyzed: assemblies of optically isotropic and anisotropic rods and a spatially anisotropic distribution of isotropic spherical inclusion centers. The small-angle H_v light-scattering patterns are calculated. The appearance of scattering from isotropic rods and spheres in deformed materials has been demonstrated. The changes of the H_v scattering patterns as a function of elongation and strucuture parameters are discussed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

FRS-XRSA与SAXS研究硬弹性聚丙烯的结晶度、取向与超结构Ⅲ应变与回复

应用全倒易空间Ｘ 射线散射理论分析（ＦＲＳ ＸＲＳＡ）与ＳＡＸＳ研究了ＨＥＰＰ在应变（ε）与回复（Ｒ）过程中结晶、取向与超结构的变化．结果指出，ε可以诱发结晶，但当ε≥３０％后，结晶度（ＸＷＣ）趋于不变：ε可以导致晶粒破碎；ε与Ｒ对取向分布与平均取向基本上无影响，这符合片晶平行分离模型，而非叶簧弯曲模型；发现，在ε≤３０％时，层状片晶的分离为主要过程，而当ε＞３０％后，则分离的片晶会发生断层滑移；ε可以诱发微孔，类似地当ε＞２０％，微孔尺寸亦趋不变．从凝聚态结构阐明了ＨＥＰＰ在ε Ｒ过程中不同阶段的结构变化     

胆甾液晶／聚合物多组分体系的结构与性能研究（Ⅲ）──ChN／poly（MMA－CO－BMA）混合体系的形态结构

应用Ｘ射线衍射、偏光显微镜及电子显微镜研究了胆甾液晶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯（ＭＭＡ）─甲基丙烯酸丁酯（ＢＭＡ）无规共聚物共混体系的形态结构。研究了体系的结晶态及液晶态的行为和共聚物含量及组成对光学织构的影响。     

某些含二维液晶基元的热致液晶高分子的向列态纹影响构

发现某些含二维液晶基元的热致液晶高分子容易产生反向壁织构与含有高强度有错点（│Ｓ│大于１）的向列态纹影织构。这类液晶高分子的织构与形态学特点与含一维棒状液晶基元的其他液晶高分子不同。     

条带织构装饰技术观察含T─型液晶基元的热致性聚芳酯液晶态的向错

采用条带织构装饰新技术研究了含Ｔ─型液晶基元的热致性聚芳酯液晶态的向错形态．经过培养的液晶样品无需剪切，淬火后便可呈现出围绕向错点取向排列的条带织构，而条带织构长轴的垂直方向正代表了液晶基元的指向矢方向，这样，在普通偏光显微镜下就能直接观察到这些条带织构装饰的强度Ｓ＝±１／２和Ｓ＝±１的向错，并观察到Ｓ＝－３／２的高强度向错和闭环状的反转壁．     

Heterogeneities of grain boundary arrangement in polycrystals

Data on mutual arrangements of different types of grain boundaries in polycrystals are presented. The heterogeneity in grain boundary distribution, namely, the effect of gathering low-angle or special tilt grain boundaries is found in pure aluminum thin films, in sheets of Fe-3% Si alloy and in Al₂O₃ doped with MgO or MgO and Y ₂O₃. The local texture, i.e., formation of colonies or clusters of close-oriented grains is considered as a reason of this heterogeneity. The influences of grain boundary gathering on the transport properties of polycrystals and on the crack propagation are discussed. A new concept of effective grain size is suggested to analyze the relationship between material microstructures and material properties.     

BANDED TEXTURE FORMATION IN NEMATIC SOLUTION OF POLY (1,4-BENZAMIDE) IN SULFURIC ACID

The banded texture in films prepared from nematic poly (1,4-benzamide) (PBA)/H_2SO_4 solution by shearing and without shearing has been studied by using microscopy techniques. The kinetic parameters of banded texture formation γ_c and τ_b were measured for nematic solution of PBA by using parallel-plate shearing apparatus. The banded texture was also observed in randomly packed domains for nematic solution of PBA on standing without shearing. The properties of banded texture show no difference between the two samples with or without shearing.     

芳香共聚酯B-N多种向列织构的形态研究

从一种聚芳酯B-N得到了丝状(包括细丝和粗丝)、纹影状和大理石纹状等与小分子向列液晶相似的多种织构。由于样品淬火后晶片装饰在织构上而不影响分子取向矢的分布,因而可以用化学刻蚀和电镜技术揭示其向错和取向矢图。电镜和光学显微镜的结果相互补充,表明了细丝和粗丝状织构的分子取向矢分布很不相同,是两种不同的织构,而粗化始于第二熔融降温。在这些向列织构中分别发现了S=±(1/2)和s=+1的向错的例子和平面内微区转向壁的证据。