动物试验方法的专利申请

 为判断动物试验方法是否具备实用性，分析了中国关于实用性的相关规定，通过4个典型案例对动物试验方法是否属于非治疗目的的外科手术方法、是否具备实用性进行了分析，总结判断标准并给出了撰写权利要求的建议。在撰写动物试验方法的专利申请时，应当注意该方法的目的及该方法是否包含外科手术步骤，并针对该方法的不同情况采用不同的撰写策略。     

Microwave Irradiation and Glutamic Acid-Assisted Phytotreatment of Tannery and Surgical Industrial Wastewater by Sorghum

We investigated how different doses of microwave irradiation (MR) affect seed germination in Sorghum, including the level of remediation against textile and surgical wastewater (WW) by modulating biochemical and morpho-physiological mechanisms under glutamic acid (GA) application. The experiment was conducted to determine the impact of foliar-applied GA on Sorghum under wastewater conditions. Plants were treated with or without microwave irradiation (30 s, 2.45 GHz), GA (5 and 10 mM), and wastewater (0, 25, 50, and 100). Growth and photosynthetic pigments were significantly decreased in plants only treated with various concentrations of WW. GA significantly improved the plant growth characteristics both in MR-treated and -untreated plants compared with respective controls. HMs stress increased electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content; however, the GA chelation significantly improved the antioxidant enzymes activities such as ascorbate oxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) both in MR-treated and -untreated plants under WW stress compared with respective controls. The results suggested that the MR-treated plants accumulate higher levels of HMs under GA addition in comparison to the WW-only-treated and MR-untreated plants. The maximum increase in Cd accumulation was observed in the range of 14–629% in the roots, 15–2964% in the stems, and 26–4020% in the leaves; the accumulation of Cu was 18–2757% in the roots, 15–4506% in the stems, and 23–4605% in the leaves; and the accumulation of Pb was 13–4122% in the roots, 21–3588% in the stems, and 21–4990% in the leaves under 10 mM GA and MR-treated plants. These findings confirmed that MR-treated sorghum plants had a higher capacity for HMs uptake under GA and could be used as a potential candidate for wastewater treatment.     

高龄原发性肺癌患者的手术治疗（附12例报告）

采用肺叶、支气管袖状肺叶切除等手术方式,对１２例高龄肺癌患者进行手术治疗,手术效果满意。笔者认为：对高龄肺癌患者的手术治疗,只要选择恰当的手术方式,做好围手术期的呼吸道管理,可以降低手术并发症和死亡率,提高术后生活质量。     

外科重症病人的血液流变学比较

探讨外科重症病人血液流变学变化及规律，为外科重症病人治疗提供参考．对入住加强治疗病房的重症病人６０例与１００例正常对照组比较血液流变学指标．结果：外科重症病人的全血高、中、低切粘度，粘弹性，红细胞聚集指数，刚度指数均有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），红细胞压积和血浆粘度无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．提示：重症外科病人术后早期存在血液粘稠度增高，在临床上应注意补充血容量，维持水电解质平衡，降低血粘度，疏通微循环，改善血液流变性．     

Effect of Wearing Surgical Face Masks on Gas Detection from Respiration Using Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

Wearing surgical face masks is among the measures taken to mitigate coronavirus disease (COVID-19) transmission and deaths. Lately, concern was expressed about the possibility that gases from respiration could build up in the mask over time, causing medical issues related to the respiratory system. In this research study, the carbon dioxide concentration and ethylene in the breathing zone were measured before and immediately after wearing surgical face masks using the photoacoustic spectroscopy method. From the determinations of this study, the C₂H₄ was established to be increased by 1.5% after one hour of wearing the surgical face mask, while CO₂ was established to be at a higher concentration of 1.2% after one hour of wearing the surgical face mask, when the values were correlated with the baseline (control).     

图像识别在吻合器漏针检测中的应用

提出了一种基于图像处理和模式识别技术的计算机吻合器漏针自动检测方法.该检测系统通过微机控制CMOS摄像机拍下吻合器图像,采用二值化、特征提取和模糊聚类等一系列计算机视觉技术检测漏针.实践表明,该方法准确率高、速度快,比传统检测方法有着更高的可靠性和效率.     

"T"型外固定架治疗青壮年严重移位的肱骨外科颈骨折

目的：探索青壮年严重移位肱骨外科颈骨折的手术入路及固定技术，方法：取肩关节前侧入路的下部分，不离断三角肌附丽，不剥离骨折周围软组织，“T”型外固定架固定术后3～5d开始肩关节主动功能练习，结果：所有32例手术患者无一例感染，均在6周左右取得了良好的骨性愈合，肩关节功能评定按JOA标准，优良率占96％，结论：应用“T”型外固定架治疗青壮年严重移位肱骨外科颈骨折，切口小，组织损伤少，操作简单，固定可靠，利于关节早期活动，恢复肩关节功能，是治疗青壮年严重移位肱骨外科颈骨折的一种好方法。     

The use of poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) as a scaffold for adipose stem cells in bone tissue engineering: application in a spinal fusion model

Since the early 1990s, tissue engineering has been heralded as a strategy that may solve problems associated with bone grafting procedures. The original concept of growing bone in the laboratory, however, has proven illusive due to biological, logistic, and regulatory problems. Fat-derived stem cells and synthetic polymers open new, more practicable routes for bone tissue engineering. In this paper, we highlight the potential of poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) to serve as a radiolucent scaffold in bone tissue engineering. It appears that PLCL quickly and preferentially binds adipose stem cells (ASCs), which proliferate rapidly and eventually differentiate into the osteogenic phenotype. An in vivo spinal fusion study in a goat model provides a preclinical proof-of-concept for a one-step surgical procedure with ASCs in bone tissue engineering.     

甲状腺功能亢进226例外科治疗

对甲状腺功能亢进２２６ 例患者进行了手术治疗,结果显示：全部病例无手术死亡,无甲亢危象,无切口感染,疗效满意．认为做好充分的术前准备是手术成功和预防术后并发症的关键．     

基于深度学习的手术场景运动感知

基于术中影像的运动感知是计算机辅助手术系统开发的重要研究内容,能够为运动补偿、软组织形变分析等应用提供有价值的信息,从而提高手术效率并增强手术安全。然而,手术影像中运动器械的遮挡降低了对局部区域估计的准确性。为解决这一难题,提出一种基于光流网络和解耦表示的运动感知方法,并结合自监督学习范式优化模型。制作了神经外科手术数据集,在PyTorch深度学习框架下对模型进行训练和验证。实验结果表明：该运动估计方法在复杂手术场景中具有稳定性强、准确度高的优点,在计算机辅助手术中具有较高的应用价值。