Thermal transformations of selected transition metals oxyhydroxides

We investigated the features of the glass transition relaxation of two room temperature ionic liquids using DSC. An important observation was that the heat capacity jump, that is the signature of the glass transition relaxation, shows a particularly strong value in this type of new and promising materials, candidates for a range of applications. This suggests a high degree of molecular mobility in the supercooled liquid state. The study of the influence of the heating rate on the temperature location of the glass transition signal, allowed the determination of the activation energy at the glass transition temperature, and the calculation of the fragility index of these two ionic glass-formers. It was concluded that this kind of materials belong to the class of relatively strong glass-forming systems. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

含铝高速钢中奥氏体非均匀长大的机制

M2AI和M2高速钢经一次和二次淬火后,奥氏体晶粒和未溶碳化物的定量研究表明,在高温r/f比值相同的条件下,由于淬火前原始组织的差别,可发生正常(均匀)和异常(非均匀)两类长大。根据异常粗晶形成初期的组织观察,提出了“连续-非连续”再结晶模式和“合并—推移”式的生长机制。提出了减轻或消除M2AI钢混晶的工艺原则。     

Network topology of deeply supercooled water

Empirical potential structure refinements have been made to recent high-energy x-ray diffraction data, providing molecular models of deeply supercooled water. The average O-O coordination number is found to drop from 5.13 at 293?K to 4.85 at 244?K, within 3.5?Å. Triplet O-O-O bond angle distributions reveal a broad peak centred at 96.4° at 293?K which shifts to 100.0° at 244?K, indicative of the local geometry becoming increasingly tetrahedral with decreasing temperature. However, although the number of non-bonded interstitial molecules between the first and second shells is depleted upon cooling, the number of interstitial molecules forming triplets that are embedded within the hydrogen bonded tetrahedral network at θ_OOO?=?53°, remains constant. This is consistent with previous observations of an invariant O-O coordination number with temperature (4.24 out to 3.3?Å) and corresponds to non-bonded molecules positioned at close to half the ideal tetrahedral angle. Both -O-O-O- and hydrogen-bonded -O-H-O- ring length distributions show increases in 6 and 7-membered rings upon supercooling. This is concomitant with a shift and increase in intensity of peaks at r₄ ～8.7?Å and r₅ ～10.8?Å in the oxygen-oxygen pair distribution function, which in the models correspond to correlations between adjacent and next-nearest-neighbour hydrogen-bonded rings.     

残余奥氏体含量对马氏体高强钢滑动磨损性能的影响

对3种不同残奥(RA)含量的马氏体高强钢进行干滑动摩擦磨损试验, 研究RA含量对其磨损性能的影响. 利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪等对试验后的磨损表面及横截面显微组织进行表征. 结果表明, RA含量越高, 磨损表面越光滑, 摩擦系数和磨损率越小, 也即马氏体高强钢的耐磨性越好. 磨损引起的大应变使RA发生应变诱导马氏体相变, 导致硬度和硬化层厚度显著增大. RA含量最高的HT3试样的硬度提高了18.3%, 硬化层厚度达70μm. 相比RA含量低的试样, HT3试样表现出很好的耐磨性. 这是因为马氏体相变使硬度逐步增加, 抗裂纹萌生能力提高; 同时由于亚表面良好的韧性, 可延缓和阻止裂纹扩展, 使得点蚀和剥落不易形成. 因此, 要提高马氏体高强钢的耐磨性, 除了硬度要求外, 还需要考虑其亚表面韧性.     

加工硬化奥氏体→先共析铁素体相变动力学及机制

试验研究了Ｃ－Ｍｎ钢加工硬化奥氏体→先共析铁素体等温转变规律，结果发现，加工硬化使相变孕育期缩短的主要原因在于铁素体在奥低体晶界处成核能力的提高，ｌｎｌｎ（１／１－ＸＦ）与ｌｎｔ之间的关系为二段直线，本文对形核自由能变化和显微组织演变进行了分析，并给出了合理的解释。     

热变形参数对50CrV钢奥氏体组织状态的影响

本文阐述了形变温度、形变量、形变后停留时间对50CrV钢奥氏体组织状态的影响，并对动态再结晶和静态再结晶晶粒大小的影响进行了分析．     

Si，Cu，Mo对奥贝球铁组织和性能的影响

本文研究了Ｓｉ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｏ对奥－贝球铁残余奥氏体含量、冲击韧性以及断裂方式的作用，发现不同元素存在着明确而各不相同的影响规律，含Ｓｉ量（２．７～３．０）％，Ｃｕ合金化程度较大；Ｍｏ合金化程度较小时，残余奥氏体量和冲击韧性较高，球铁呈韧性断裂。含Ｍｏ量较高时合金倾向于沿晶断裂，最后，结合等温淬火参数，本文给出了冲击韧性和抗拉强度的逐步回归数学模型。     

获得复合组织（马氏体加下贝氏体）的热处理工艺

研究了34SiMn2B钢和60Si2Cr钢获得复合组织（马氏体＋少量下贝氏体）的热处理工艺。结果表明，φ125的60Si2Cr钢球锻后水淬至120－130℃,然后加 热至300℃恒温1h，获得了马氏体加少量下贝氏体的复合组织;而φ150的34SiMn2B钢球锻后水淬至200℃，然后加热至300℃， 怛温3h，未获得下贝氏体组织。后者是水淬时产生了大量的马氏体而使未转变的奥氏体发生机械稳定化的结果。     

(V,Nb)C溶解规律及其对奥氏体晶粒粗化的影响

应用物理化学相分析法定量测定了V,Nb 复合微合金化钢中V,Nb 复合碳化物在不同奥氏体化温度下的溶解量,以及V,Nb 在溶解过程中的相互影响。通过对奥氏体晶粒的直接腐蚀显示,测出了不同 V,Nb 含量对奥氏体晶粒粗化的影响,为 V,Nb 复合的微合金化钢在轧制时奥氏体化温度的合理选择提供了依据。同时,得出了使奥氏体晶粒细化的 V,Nb 含量和 V,Nb 最佳化学配比。