苏云金杆菌库斯塔变种(HD-1)对菜青虫杀虫效果的研究

通过实验室饲料感染方法和大田喷杀对比试验研究，表明发酵培养基中添加花生饼可以提高HD—1的杀虫效果，且添加浓度与HD—1菌株毒力呈正相关，用添加了花生饼的固体浅盘发酵培养液比市售工业化生产的同类杀虫剂杀虫效果要高得多。     

中性盐对谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的影响机制

通过不同阳离子和不同阴离子对唾液链球菌嗜热亚种(Streptococcus salivariussub sp.thermophilus)谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的影响以及NaNO3对不同蛋白质浓度的谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的影响进行考察,结果表明:中性盐对谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的影响不是由于增加蛋白质亚基间的疏水作用引起的,而可能是由中性盐对谷氨酸脱羧酶活性的弱抑制作用与中性盐增加了谷氨酸脱羧酶的胶体体系稳定性共同作用所致,同时还可能与中性盐降低了反应体系CO2的溶解度有关.     

Rotenoid and isoflavone metabolites from an antioxidant seed extract of Dalbergia lanceolaria subsp. paniculata (roxb.) thoth

Abstract

A new rotenoid named 12-O-methylrotenolol along with five known rotenoid and isoflavone metabolites were isolated from the seeds of Dalbergia lanceolaria subsp. paniculata, collected from Egypt. The structures of these compounds were identified by physical and spectroscopic data measurements ([α]_D, UV, 1D- and 2D-NMR and MS). The methanol extract of the seeds exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value 0.7?µg/µl against DPPH radical, in respect to quercetin as antioxidant reference (IC₅₀ 1.5?μM), while the tested compounds from this extract showed weak activities with IC₅₀ values ranged from 19.6 to 33.0?µM.     

苏云金芽孢杆菌猝倒亚种Cry1Aa13基因的克隆及序列分析

根据Gen Bank中Cry1A类基因序列设计一对特异性引物，以苏云金芽孢杆茵猝倒亚种质粒DNA为模板，应用PCR扩增技术得到一大小约为3．6kb的DNA片段(Cry1Aa13)．通过引物步行法测定该片段长3598bp，其中开放阅读框(ORF)长3540bp，编码1180个氨基酸，分子量为133．49kD，等电点pI=5．0．序列比较表明该基因与Cry1Aa类基因高度同源(达95％以上)，该基因已在GenBank中登录，登录号为AF510713，并被Btδ-内毒素基因国际命名委员会正式命名为Cry1Aa13。     

Chemical composition,antimicrobial, and lipase enzyme activity of essential oil and solvent extracts from Serapias orientalis subsp. orientalis

The volatile components of essential oil (EO), SPME, and SPME of solvent extracts ( n -hexane, methanol, and water) obtained from fresh Serapias orientalis subsp. orientalis ( Soo ) were analyzed by GC-FID/MS. EO of Soo gave 11 compounds in the percentage of 99.97%; capronaldehyde (37.01%), 2-( E )-hexenal (23.19%), and n -nonanal (19.05%) were found to be major constituents. SPME GC-FID/MS analyses of fresh plant and solvent extracts of Soo revealed 7, 12, 7, and 4 compounds within the range of 99.7% to 99.9%. Limonene (76.5%, 41.7%, and 61.3%) was the major compound in SPMEs of the n -hexane and methanol extracts. α -Methoxy- p -cresol (52.9%) was the main component in its water extract. The antimicrobial activity of EO and the solvent extracts of Soo were screened against 9microorganisms. EO showed the best activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis , with 79.5 µg/mL MIC value. The n -hexane, methanol, and water extracts were the most active against the Staphylococcus aureus within the range of 81.25–125.0 µg/mL (MIC). IC ₅₀ values for the lipase enzyme inhibitory activity of EO and solvent extracts ( n -hexane, methanol, and water) were determined to be 59.87 µg/mL, 64.03 µg/mL, 101.91 µg/mL, and 121.24 µg/mL, respectively.     

中国沙棘平茬萌蘖种群的生物量动态

 平茬萌蘖是中国沙棘种群更新的有效方式,但其中的生态学机制并不清楚,为此,以样地每木检尺资料为基础,以 "空间差异代替时间变化法"及"样地编年序列法"原理为依据、以生物量投资与分配为指标,探讨了中国沙棘平茬更新的生态学机制.结果表明:① 中国沙棘平茬萌蘖种群及其构件生物量积累过程均符合Logistic方程,可分为慢、快、慢3个阶段,但构件之间的生物量投资与分配具有明显差异;② 通过构件之间的生物量投资与分配调节,中国沙棘实现了平茬后的萌蘖更新,尤其是萌蘖根的生物量投资具有"前置效应"和"主导效应";③ 地上与地下构件的生物量分配具有互补效应,即地下分配比例大时则地上分配比例小.因此,种群实施萌蘖更新过程中,必须在繁殖与生长之间做出权衡.     

细叶杜香挥发油抑茵和杀菌作用的研究

应用水蒸气蒸馏法提取细叶杜香挥发油,采用丙酮溶剂溶解杜香挥发油,以青霉菌、酵母菌和金黄色葡萄球菌作供试菌种,在实验中观察不同浓度的细叶杜香挥发油溶液对不同菌种的作用,研究其抑茵和杀菌作用。     

20-Hydroxyecdysone from Stemmacantha uniflora Subsp. satzyperovii

The dynamics of 20-hydroxyecdysone content in vegetative and generative organs of Stemmacantha uniflora subsp. satzyperovii (Soskov) Dittrich, which is distributed over Primorskii Krai, were investigated. A high content of 20-hydroxyecdysone during the plant vegetative period is characteristic of growing organs. The amount is maximal for young leaves during development of racemes (7.8 g/mg) and for ripe achenes (11.15 g/mg).     

魔芋内生细菌抗软腐病菌株筛选

通过组织分离法从魔芋块茎中分离得到内生细菌,用牛津杯法皿内测试内生细菌对魔芋软腐病菌的拮抗作用,以筛选拮抗软腐病菌能力强的菌株。结果显示从魔芋块茎中分离得到35株内生细菌,35株内生细菌对魔芋软腐病菌均有不同程度的拮抗活性,不同菌株间拮抗活性存在显著差异。初筛中,对软腐病菌相对抑制率(RIR)达到50%以上的内生细菌有17株,100%的有11株。复筛中RIR为100%的内生细菌有8株,其中7株胞外产物的RIR超过了150%。     

食药同源植物火麻的研究进展及开发策略

食药两用植物火麻(Cannabis sativa L. subsp. sativa)具有优良的植物油(火麻油)和植物蛋白(火麻蛋白),全身是宝,在食品、医药和工业用品行业具有巨大的市场开发潜力。随着大健康产业的发展,火麻蛋白的系列产品必将越来越深入我们的生活。国内外对火麻的研究报道比较丰富、研究方向多,但是缺少全面系统的总结分析。本文通过查阅国内外对火麻研究的文献报道,综述食药两用植物火麻的最新研究进展,找出火麻发展的不足并提出开发策略:要实现火麻产业经济,需要建立有优质的种质资源圃,健全高产优质栽培技术及火麻加工、销售体系,并对其化学成分和营养生理功能机制深入研究,才能促进火麻产业化、规模化和可持续化的发展。