在田径技术动作教学中如何观察分析错误

每个动作技能的形成，必然要经历一个不断改正错误、逐步完善定型的过程，最后才能达到熟练掌握、运用自如的程度。而准确及时地发现错误则是改正错误、提高动作质量的前提。笔者在归纳错误类型的基础上，提出观察和分析错误的方法。     

IUD频繁脱落者放置吉妮IUD186例临床观察

目的：寻找宫内节育器频繁脱落者，采用吉妮宫内节育器宫内独特的固定方式，以解决宫内节育器反复落脱问题。方法：受术妇女在月经干净3～7d内放置，用专用放置器将丝线小结植入子宫底肌层10mm，使吉妮悬吊于宫腔内，剪除多余尾丝，放置后于1、3、6、12月跟踪随访。结果：放置186例，1例放置后首次月经期脱落，1例为放置6个月带器妊娠，1例因疼痛、出血，放置后3个月取出。其余跟踪随访1年无异常，1年续用率为98．39％。结论：吉妮宫内节育器是安全、高效、副作用少的新型宫内节育器，特别适用于宫内节育器频繁脱落者使用，值得临床推广。     

Blind Channel Identification Based on Noisy Observation by Stochastic Approximation Method

A stochastic approximation algorithm for estimating multichannel coefficients is proposed, and the estimate is proved to converge to the true parameters a.s. up-to a constant scaling factor. The estimate is updated after receiving each new observation, so the output data need not be collected in advance. The input signal is allowed to be dependent and the observation is allowed to be corrupted by noise, but no noise statistics are used in the estimation algorithm.     

Surface morphologies of anthracene single crystals grown from vapor phase

The morphologies and lattice structures of anthracene single crystals grown from the vapor phase were investigated using optical microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction analysis. Common morphologies with hexagonal large planes were observed irrespective of crystal size. The observation of certain surface morphologies with a phase contrast microscopy revealed that the spiral steps originated from screw dislocations present on the (0 0 1) planes. Moreover, the center and edge of the (0 0 1) planes had large curvatures, similar to hills. Resultantly, quarter-monolayer (ML) steps were observed on the large and flat planes between both hills.     

利用弧形光栅尺测量大型转轴扭矩的原理研究

利用弧形光栅尺的旋转微位移测量功能,组建一组测量体系,用于测量巨型转轴的扭矩。采用四组相同的弧形光栅尺同时测量两截面的相对转角,通过多点测量实现误差均化,得出了消除转轴直径对测量影响的公式,使仪器的环境适应能力得到了极大地提高。根据不同的工作情况,提出了相应的动态测量扭矩的计算方程。实现了大型机械设备主传动的动力监测,为设备自动化、智能化奠定了基础。     

简论郭嵩焘对西方社会政治制度的观察与思考

本文以郭嵩焘的伦敦与巴黎日记为中心,探讨了郭嵩焘对西方社会政治制度的观察与思考,指出郭嵩焘的政治文化心态的开放性、进步性。通过对中西社会政治制度的比较,郭嵩焘对封建君主专制弊端作了一定程度的揭示,并提出了改革封建政治的要求。     

一种可行的智能三维特观设计系统的设计方法

针对复杂地区地震勘探的三维观测系统设计这一困扰广大地震勘探科技人员的难题，进行了较为全面细致的分析和论述，文章从与三维地震勘探的成本和效益方面密切相关的覆盖次数问题，激发点冗余浪费问题，以及特管勘探设计与常规勘探设计的关系问题入手，进行了深入的探讨，并给出了一种解决该问题的计算机交互式实现方法，对于三维地震勘探具有指导价值。     

In situ observation of NaBi(WO4)2 dendrite growth and the study on microstructure of solidification

The dendrite growth process of transparent NaBi(WO₄)₂ with small prandtl and high melting point was studied by using the in-situ observation system. According to the dynamic images and detailed information, there are two kinds of restriction effect on the dendrite growth, the competition between arms and branches and the convection in the melt. The dendrite growth rate was time dependent, and the rate of arm growth reached the maximum 5.8 mm/s in the diffusive-advective region and rapidly decreased in the diffusive-convective region. The growth rate of branch had the same change trends as the arm’s. Based on the EPMA-EDS data of solidification structure of quenched NaBi(WO₄)₂ melt, it was found that there were component differences from stoichiometric concentration in the melt near the interface during the growth process. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50331040) and the Innovation Funds from Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. SCX0623)     

自血光量子治疗急性脑梗死112例临床观察

目的　探讨自血光量子照射疗法在治疗急性脑梗死时的应用价值.方法　对112例急性脑梗死患者分组进行单纯药物治疗,及药物治疗合并自血光量子照射治疗,对2组患者进行实验室指标评定.结果　药物治疗合并自血光量子照射治疗的患者神经功能缺损程度治疗前后差异非常显著(P<0.01).治疗前与治疗后实验室指标变化有显著差异.结论　自血光量子治疗可使急性缺血性脑血管病神经缺损恢复速度加快,可作为治疗急性缺血性脑血管病的辅助手段.     

依托课外科技文化活动,培养大学生的创新能力——本科教学《评估方案》中两观测点之实证研究

通过解读《普通高等学校本科教学工作水平评估方案（试行）》中的两个观测点——“课外科技文化活动”和“学生的创新精神与实践能力”，探讨了重庆文理学院近年来在这些观测点所做的努力．以此证明，开展课外科技文化活动是培养大学生创新能力的重要途径．