瓦氏黄颡鱼精巢发育及精子生物学研究

瓦氏黄颡鱼精巢呈栉状分支，每一分支内部结构为叶型，精巢小叶由许多壶腹状的精小囊组成，精巢发育分为精原细胞增殖期、精母细胞生长期、精母细胞成熟期、精子细胞变态期、精子成熟期和精子退化吸收期，精子的发生和形成经历了精原细胞、精母细胞、精子细胞到成熟精子的一系列过程，精巢后1／3的精巢尾区由上皮细胞构成，既无生精功能也无贮精作用，成熟精子在0.45％～0.55％盐溶液和pH7.5的弱碱性的自然河水环境中保持的活性最好，并具有相当长的寿命。     

Methods and Effects of Hongshan Cock Spermatozoa Cryopreservation

0Introduction Afterthecarryingoutofopen doorpolicies,espe ciallyinthelatesttenyears,livestockandpoul try’sraisingbusinessdevelopedveryfastinChina,whichhelpeduscompletelyshrugofftheembarrassed situationofsevereshortagesofanimalproteininthepastlongperiodandgreatlyexcitedandencouraged us.Meanwhilewemustclearlyrealizethepotentialdangersbehindthepresentprosperities.Ourbreeds arebecominglessandless,manynativebreedswithlowperformancedisappearedcompletely,thetendency oftheirextinctionisincreasinginth…     

Abnormal expression of centrosome protein (centrin) in spermatozoa of male human infertility

To study the relations between male infertility and centrosome protein (centrin) and the functions of centrin in spermatogenesis, the matured spermatozoa of 10 normal male people and 18 male infertility patients were stained by immunofluorescence labeling antibody against centrin. The results showed that two fluorescence signal dots appeared in the normal male spermatozoa and were located at the base of flagellum. They are proximal centriole and distal centriole. However, in some spermatozoa of the male infertility, centrin protein was located abnormally at the base of flagellum and its staining signals were spread, the normal proximal and distal centrioles were confused and could not be recognized separately. These results suggest that abnormality of centrosome protein may be related to male infertility. This discovery may be used as a marker of abnormal sperm and male infertility.     

科学级冷却型CCD—荧光图像系统定量性能的鉴定

以荧光探针Ｈｏｅｃｈｓｔ３３３４２（Ｈｏ３３３４２）特异性标记大白鼠精子和肝细胞ＤＮＡ，用科学冷却型ＣＣＤ显微荧光图像系统获取单个细胞的荧光图像，再以图像处理软件“Ｉｍａｇｅ－Ｐｒｏ ＰＬｕｓ”，分析测量各细胞的ＤＮＡ相对含量和细胞核的相对面积。实验数据表明：鼠肝细胞的ＤＮＡ相对含量分别为精子的ＤＮＡ相对含量的２，４，８倍，符合生物学的规律，说明这套系统的定量结果是可靠的。     

低功率密度微波辐射对人细胞的非热效应

采用频率为２４５０ＭＨｚ，功率密度为３，５和７ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２的微波照射人精子１ｈ，发现３ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２和７ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２的微波对人精子的活动度、存活率、畸形率和穿卵率没有任何影响，而５ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２的微波对从精子的活动度、存活率、畸形率及其穿卵率有显著的影响。实现表明，微波的非热效应不仅存在，且在５ｍＷ／ｃｍ＾２附近有明显的功率密度窗效应。     

南疆沙蜥精巢的显微结构观察

本文对新疆特有种南疆沙蜥２６条个体精巢的显微结构进行实验研究。结果表明,南疆沙蜥精巢的显微结构和精子发生过程与其它蜥蜴的结构基本相同,精巢结构和精子发生过程包括精原细胞,初级精母细胞,次级精母细胞,精子细胞和精子等都有跟其它蜥蜴同样的特点,同时我们在研究中获得如下新的资料：（１）精原细胞和精母细胞在大小,形状和数量方面都不同于其它蜥蜴的同一个发育阶段的细胞;２）在精子发生过程中,生殖细胞出现了某些     

家猫精子的超微结构

本文通过扫描电镜,透射电镜对家猫精子的形态结构进行了观察.家猫精子的核占头的绝大部分.顶体是核外的一个薄层.颈部的9个节柱每个有15节.4、5、6、7节柱的前部形成一个植入板,1、2、9形成另一个植入板.近侧中心粒长轴与尾的长轴成46°—70°角.线粒体鞘有28—31旋.致密纤维1、5、6、9常比其他纤维明显增大.主段尾部微管A的二臂、连丝、辐条和二个联体微管消失,微管排列无序,“9 2”变成“7 2”,继续后行,中央管和一个二联体微管消失,“7 2”变成“6”直至末段.这种微管终止模式是家猫精子的一个特征.     

莠去津对中华绒螯蟹精子LDH、ACP活性的影响

为了评估莠去津对雄性中华绒螯蟹的生殖毒性,以成熟雄性中华绒螯蟹为材料,采用莠去津梯度(0.001、0.01、0.1、1 mg/L)暴露方式进行体内染毒2周,通过分光光度法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳酶谱法,分析中华绒螯蟹精子中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性,比较其催化能力的变化.结果显示,0.1 mg/L莠去津处理组精子的LDH、ACP比活力是所有组别中最高的,且显著高于对照组(P<0.05);1 mg/L的次之,但同2个低质量浓度组(0.001、0.01 mg/L)的一样,均较对照组差异不显著(P>0.05).凝胶电泳后活性染色分析结果显示2种酶的催化能力的变化与分光光度法结果一致.实验结果表明,一定质量浓度的莠去津对雄性中华绒螯蟹具生殖毒性,可为莠去津对人类生殖健康的影响提供参考数据.     

G-Protein Coupled Receptors in Human Sperm: An In Silico Approach to Identify Potential Modulatory Targets

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are involved in several physiological processes, and they represent the largest family of drug targets to date. However, the presence and function of these receptors are poorly described in human spermatozoa. Here, we aimed to identify and characterize the GPCRs present in human spermatozoa and perform an in silico analysis to understand their potential role in sperm functions. The human sperm proteome, including proteomic studies in which the criteria used for protein identification was set as <5% FDR and a minimum of 2 peptides match per protein, was crossed with the list of GPCRs retrieved from GLASS and GPCRdb databases. A total of 71 GPCRs were identified in human spermatozoa, of which 7 had selective expression in male tissues (epididymis, seminal vesicles, and testis), and 9 were associated with male infertility defects in mice. Additionally, ADRA2A, AGTR1, AGTR2, FZD3, and GLP1R were already associated with sperm-specific functions such as sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction, and motility, representing potential targets to modulate and improve sperm function. Finally, the protein-protein interaction network for the human sperm GPCRs revealed that 24 GPCRs interact with 49 proteins involved in crucial processes for sperm formation, maturation, and fertilization. This approach allowed the identification of 8 relevant GPCRs (ADGRE5, ADGRL2, GLP1R, AGTR2, CELSR2, FZD3, CELSR3, and GABBR1) present in human spermatozoa that can be the subject of further investigation to be used even as potential modulatory targets to treat male infertility or to develop new non-hormonal male contraceptives.     

盐度及温度对红鳍笛鲷精子活力的影响

研究不同盐度和温度对红鳍笛鲷(Lutjarus erythopterus)精子活力的影响,并比较了室温保存和低温保存时精子的活力．实验共设置9个盐度梯度和5个温度梯度．结果表明,精子活力的最适盐度为32,此时,精子的快速运动时间最长8．50min,精子寿命也最长,为11．09min,在盐度低于15的情况下,精子活力丧失;最适温度为25℃,此时精子的快速运动时间最长7.72min,精子寿命也最长,为10．9min．在室温(25℃)条件下,红鳍笛鲷精子活力随保存时间的延长而下降,保存到15．5h后的精子失去快速运动的能力;在低温0～4℃条件下,红鳍笛鲷精子寿命可长达72h。