基于三维点云的岩体结构面自动分类与参数计算

结构面间距是岩体稳定性和力学特性分析中的一个重要参数，在岩石力学、采矿工程、边坡监测等领域的数值计算中广泛应用.本文以岩体边坡露头为研究对象，基于非接触测量获得的三维点云数据，提出一种基于密度聚类的结构面细化分类方法；在结构面粗略分组提取的基础上，通过投影变换、散乱点拟合等算法，求得结构面间距和岩体体积节理数.设计开发了结构面细化分类及间距等参数计算与分析原型系统，实际案例分析表明，本文方法可有效实现结构面的自动细化分类，并能够计算出间距等相关参数，可为岩体质量分级和岩体稳定性分析等提供方法支撑.     

甜菜块根三生构造的形成及发育过程初探

通过“新甜二号”块根三生构造的形成及发育过程观察看出:甜菜块根三生构造的形成始于一对真叶期,从二对真叶到块根糖分增长期前期是块根三生维管束环的主要形成时期。块根内对三生维管束环上的三生维管束束数随块根三生维管束环数的增加而增加,二者之间里显著的直线相关。而且块根内的三生维管束环数及环上的束数都具有极限性。块根最外2—3环上的三生维管束束数虽多,但成熟的较少。块根内各环间距随三生维管束环数的增加而呈动态变化,环间距增长最快在叶丛繁茂中期到块根糖分增长期中后期。生育后期,根内以第三环间距最大,而且根内各环间距的大小与环数之间呈Y=ae~(bx)·x的函数关系。     

偏微分方程网格生成技术中非线性系数的研究

网格生成技术是ＣＦＤ中极为关键的问题之一,偏微分方程数值网格生成技术是目前应用和研究最多的网格生成方法。本文应该各非线性系数对网格正交性和空间分布的影响进行了理论研究和数值验证。结果表明系数β具有控制网格正交性的作用,系数α和γ具有调节网格空间分布的作用,且其调节作用的强弱和α／γ的值有直接关系。     

Thermal analysis and X-ray studies of chiral ferroelectric liquid crystalline materials and their binary mixtures

Summary Thermal properties of a homologous series of ferroelectric liquid crystals S-(-)-[4-(2-n-alkoxy-propionyloxy)]biphenyl-4'-[n-alkoxy-(3,5-dimethyl)]benzoate have been investigated by polarizing optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The mesophases were identified and confirmed by X-ray too. Three binary mixtures were prepared from the individual homologues. In one of the mixtures (Mix1), the ferroelectric SmC* phase has broadened and became enantiotropic. This mesophase remained monotropic in the other two mixtures (Mix2, Mix3). The chiral nematic N* phase did not appear in Mix1, but remained monotropic for the other two mixtures. Two molecular parameters, the layer spacing and the average intermolecular distance have been calculated from the X-ray results for the homologues and their mixtures. An intercalated tail-to-tail packing of molecules was found both in the single compounds and their mixtures resulting in the layer spacing about half of the molecular length of the single compounds.     

Elastic moduli and structure of low density polyethylene

Summary Low density polyethylene film is drawn at room temperature four times the original length and subjected to thermal annealing at 60, 80, and 100 °C keeping the film length constant. Long spacing measured by SAXS increased with increasing temperature of annealing; the increase of the long spacing is presumed to be due to the decrease of the number of micelles through relaxation during the annealing. Simultaneous measurement of the changes of the long spacing and the film length by stretching is carried out and stress-extension curves are obtained. The values of the initial moduli of the long spacingE ₁ and the film lengthY are very near to each other. Elastic modulus of the crystal latticeE _c is known to be 235 GN/m² and that of the amorphous regionE _a is found to be 0.15 GN/m². When higher stress is applied than in the case of the initial modulus, the percentage of extension of film is much greater than that of the long spacing. The discrepancy is explained by the increase of the number of micelles through stress crystallization.Dedicated to Professor Dr. K. Ueberreiter on the occasion of his 70th birthday.     

Wave chaos in quantum systems with point interaction

We study perturbations of the quantized version ₀ of integrable Hamiltonian systems by point interactions. We relate the eigenvalues of to the zeros of a certain meromorphic function . Assuming the eigenvalues of ₀ are Poisson distributed, we get detailed information on the joint distribution of the zeros of and give bounds on the probability density for the spacings of eigenvalues of . Our results confirm the wave chaos phenomenon, as different from the quantum chaos phenomenon predicted by random matrix theory.SFB 237 Essen-Bochum-Düsseldorf     

平面药包的最佳间距

在矿山剥离、场地平整以及建(构)筑物基坑开挖等露天爆破中,为了充分利用炸药能量将岩石松动或抛掷到一定区域,并确保底板满足一定平整度要求,按照爆破技术设计和工程质量要求,需要设计平面布药结构.本文通过在施工现场进行的大量小型模拟实验,对平面药包间、排距与爆破漏斗的开口面积、可见深度、爆岩的抛掷距离和堆积形态等关系进行了系统分析与研究.实验结果表明,当平面药包间、排距满足一定范围时,爆破漏斗的可见深度较小,而开口面积和抛掷距离最大,爆堆形态较好.平面布药结构存在一个有利于抛掷堆积的最佳间、排距.     

评判紧邻间距分布函数性质的一类渐近尺度

根据两种渐近量的定义，研究了七种能谱涨落模型之紧邻间距分布函数的渐近性质及其物理内涵，并在此基础上对紧邻间距分布函数作出了系统分类和适用性说明。研究结果表明Ｂｒｏｄｙ分布函数具有最为广泛的普适性。     

关于样本区间长度的联合分布

设（X1，X2，…，Xn）为服从I=[0，1]上均匀分布的简单随机样本，它们将[0，1]分成（n＋1）个样本区间，以Y0，Y1，…，Yn分别表示这些样本区间的长度．本文讨论Y0，Y1，…，Yn的联合分布及其极限分布．     

带式输送机托辊形式的选择及间距的合理确定

介绍了带式输送机托辊形式的选择，论述了托辊间距的现状以及托辊间距的合理确定。