Observational study of the circulation in the southern South China Sea

CTD data from two oceanographic survey cruises, conducted by “Shiyan No. 3” R/V during two reversing monsoons, were employed to calculate and analyze the distributions of temperature, salinity and geopotential anomaly in the southern South China Sea (SSCS). Based on these distributions, the horizontal structures of the SSCS circulation are described systematically. Study results show that the SSCS circulation structure could be classified as a two-layer (the upper and the lower) pattern, and that the main circulation in the upper layer (0–400 m) is driven by the South China Sea monsoons and is opposite in direction to the reversal of the monsoons. The distributions of principal current systems and their features are presented. Two important local phenomena, local eddy and oceanic front, were observed.     

龙门山南段金台山飞来峰的结构样式

文章依据区调工作成果,把龙门山南段金台山飞来峰划分为上中下三层。并认为金台山飞来峰是一个“多层楼式”的几何结构样式。是龙门山南段逆冲推覆构造发展过程中形成的,其形成机制是重力滑动和后推挤压的综合作用。     

STUDY ON THE DUCTILE DEFORMATION DOMAIN OF THE SIMPLE SHEAR IN ROCKS——TAKING BRITTLE FAULTS OF THE COVERING STRATA IN THE SOUTHERN JIANGSU AREA AS AN EXAMPLE

A study on the ductile deformation domain of the brittle fault in the shallow level ofthe crust is a new probe field for the modern structural geology. Taking the southern Jiang-su Province area as an example the orientation measurement of quartz crystals, the com-positional texture observation of three pressure sensitive minerals and the rheological param-eter determination of dislocation densities, etc. have been demonstrated and analysed basedon typical samples in the present paper. In addition, their generation mechanisms arealso discussed from the cataclastic rheology, the dynamic differentiation and the simpleshearing, specially, from the Ode strength theory. Finally, a generative relationship betweenthe ductile deformation domain of the brittle fault system, in the regional layer--slip andthe formation of the stratabound ore deposit is shown as well.     

THEiEARLY JINNING JUVENILE CONTINENTAL CRUST TRANSFORMATION TYPE GRANITOIDS FROM SOUTHERN ANHUI PROVINCE, CHINA

It is considered that the early Jinning period granitoids from southern Anhui Province belong to the continental crust transformation (S) type and have their own characteristics which are different from those for general continental crust transformation type granitoids. They were formed at the early stage of the late Proterozoic era when that region was at an island-arc stage of the continental margin environment. By that time the continental crust was just formed and had a nature of juvenile crust. It is this juvenile crust that determined a series of characteristics of that type granitoids and made them a relatively independent rock type. They are the products formed by the continental crust in a certain stage of development.     

新世纪南方高师学生普通话现状及训练对策

新世纪高师学生普通话水平测试过关率有所提高，这与目前重视推普的大气候及高等教育改革密不可分。从目前高师普通话水平测试来看，高师学生普通话语音面貌有一些新变化，表现出某些喜人现象，但．也存在某些不足。本文立足新世纪南方高师学生普通话现状，提出进一步提高高师学生普通话水平测试过关率的一些策略。     

准噶尔盆地南缘三叠系烃源岩地球化学特征

准噶尔盆地三叠系是否发育有效烃源岩一直具有不确定性。为解决这种不确定性提供参考,以盆地南缘地区三叠系暗色泥岩为例,通过进行有机地球化学分析,研究了有机质的丰度、类型和成熟度,并初步评价了其生烃潜力。结果表明,三叠系暗色泥岩有机质丰度达到了中等到好烃源岩标准;有机质来源以高等植物为主,类型为III型,也有少量II型有机质样品;有机质热演化进入成熟演化阶段,凹陷区和冲断带下盘可达到高过成熟演化;因此,三叠系是潜在的烃(特别是气)源岩,这在今后的油气勘探中值得加以重视。     

城镇化背景下的南方红壤丘陵区土地覆盖演变——以衡阳盆地为例

土地利用与覆盖（LULC）变化是生态环境演变的主要驱动力。南方丘陵区人口密集,但生态环境脆弱,20世纪90年代快速的城镇化进程产生了急剧环境变化。以衡阳盆地为研究区,以1990年、2000年两个时期的TM遥感影像为主要数据源,采用面向对象分类技术提取植被和建设用地信息,通过反演植被覆盖度,对植被覆盖度进行分级处理,获得了研究区植被覆盖等级分布图,最后,通过对比1990年和2000年建设用地和植被覆盖等级图获得了研究区建设用地和植被覆盖演变信息。研究结果表明：10年内研究区建设用地发生了显著扩展,扩展区域主要集中在衡阳市区周边,扩展区总面积为237.34km2;植被恢复区主要位于研究区北部区域,植被退化区位于研究区西端以及衡南县、祁东县和常宁市等3县市交界的湘江河谷地带以及南部的山区;城镇扩展区内植被退化严重,植被退化面积达到166.84 km2,占城镇扩展面积的比例为70.30%。     

Early Cambrian phosphatized blastula- and gastrula-stage animal fossils from southern Shaanxi

Marine invertebrate animal embryos and their early developmental products are of great significance to the study of taxonomy and phylogeny of early animals. A great number of phosphatized globular fossils were collected fromthe early Cambrian Kuanchuanpu Member (upper Dengying Formation), southern Shaanxi, and a nearly complete develo-pmental sequence—from a fertilized egg, via blastodisc formation, blastula development, blastodisc enlargement toward gastrulae, to tissue differentiation—can be discerned in this collection. This discovery provides unmatchable material for studies on the origin, taxonomy, radiation, and ontogeny of early metazoans.     

Modeling impacts of East Asian Ocean-Land thermal contrast on spring southwesterly winds and rainfall in eastern China

Using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP–NCAR） reanalysis dataset, the NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of precipitation, and the MM5v3 Meso-scale Model, the impacts of surface temperature differences between the East Asian land and its adjacent oceans on spring southwesterly winds and rainfall over eastern China are studied. The modeling results show that the temperature differences exert strong influence on the occurrence of the southwesterly winds and rainfall over southern China and their northward advances. When surface temperature increases over the land and decreases over the oceans, the temperature gradient with a winter feature earlier changes toward the gradient with a summer feature. Both the low-pressure system east of the Tibetan Plateau and the subtropical high-pressure system over the western Pacific strengthen, accompanying with the strengthening of the lower-tropospheric southwesterly winds over eastern China. Accordingly, the upward motion increases over the Yangtze-Huaihe River （YHR） valleys and decreases over southern China, leading to an increase of spring rainfall over the YHR valleys and a decrease over southern China. Thus, the rain belt over eastern China appears over the YHR valleys but not over southern China. Under a weaker condition of the spring thermal contrast, the rain belt does not occur over eastern China. When the spring thermal contrast pronouncedly strengthens, the rain belt over southern China may advance northward into the YHR valleys during spring, though there is no onset of the tropical monsoon over the South China Sea. This forms a rain belt similar to that of the YHR valleys during the summer Meiyu period.     

沁水盆地南部煤层气井生产历史拟合与井网优化研究

以煤储层地质特征和煤层气井生产数据为依据,以沁水盆地南部3口典型压裂直井为例,利用COMET3数值模拟软件对3口煤层气井排采数据进行了反演,确定了煤层气储层的渗透率与含气量等重要的储层参数和工程参数,探讨了煤层气井产能影响因素的敏感性,提供了研究区单井低产能部位煤层气井网部署及优化方案。研究表明：绝对渗透率变化对煤层气单井产能的影响最为显著,相对渗透率曲线形态、含气饱和度与Langumir常数对单井产能的影响依次减弱;井网井距的合理布置可以有效形成区域压降、提高单井产能;研究区低产井周围宜采用煤储层裂隙发