高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础受力分析

基于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载特性,提出了一种改进有限杆单元计算分析方法.分析了高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础承载机理及受力特性,建立了双桩基础计算分析模型.其次,根据前、后桩与边坡相对位置关系,给出了后桩所受剩余下滑力与前桩所受土压力的比例关系.在传统有限杆单元分析方法基础上,结合陡坡桩受力特征,导得了考虑桩土共同作用与"P-Δ"效应的单元刚度矩阵修正方法,并在此基础上编制了适用于高陡横坡段桩柱式桥梁双桩基础的有限杆单元分析MATLAB计算程序.采用室内模型试验对本文计算方法进行验证,给出了适用于陡坡段桥梁桩基的设计流程图.研究结果表明:本文理论计算值与模型试验实测结果吻合良好,表明本文计算方法正确可行,可为同类工程设计提供参考.     

密度测量实验中仪器的正确使用与巧读数据

结合实验仪器的结构特点与工作原理,分别介绍了游标卡尺、螺旋测微计和物理天平的正确使用以及巧读数据的方法和步骤,指出并分析了实验教学过程中,在使用游标卡尺、螺旋测微计和物理天平及读数中常见的一些错误和问题。     

On a free boundary problem for the Reynolds equation derived from the Stokes system with Tresca boundary conditions

The asymptotic behaviour of a Stokes flow with Tresca free boundary friction conditions when one dimension of the fluid domain tends to zero is studied. A specific Reynolds equation associated with variational inequalities is obtained and uniqueness is proved.     

某库岸滑坡稳定分析及治理措施研究

从地质条件出发,详细分析了滑坡的成因,以大型的岩土工程数值分析软件(ADINA)为研究手段,建立有限元计算模型,用强度折减的方法分析了滑坡体在初始工况、蓄水工况、暴雨工况、水位骤降工况和地震工况下的稳定情况,根据滑坡的失稳情况,在综合考虑的基础上,提出了削坡减载和地表排水相结合的治理措施,计算结果表明,治理措施是可行的,研究结果对设计和施工具有较大的参考价值.     

斜坡变形破坏的预测及防护

通过对斜坡变形破坏和影响因素的研究，探讨工程建设中斜坡变形破坏的预测及防护。     

基于系统振动的啮合齿轮齿面上的相对滑动运动分析

以单级直齿圆柱齿轮传动为研究对象,建立了系统的数学模型.通过齿轮系统振动运动分析,论证了考虑系统振动时存在于啮合轮齿齿面间的相对滑动运动,在此基础上对比分析了考虑和不考虑系统振动时存在于啮合轮齿齿面间的相对滑动运动的特点.指出由于系统振动的原因,齿轮副的实际中心线不是固定不变的,而是以平面运动方式变化的,实际啮合点的轨迹(亦即啮合线)不是一条直线,而是一条曲线.当齿面磨损或胶合破坏始于齿高中部时,造成这种破坏的主要原因是齿轮系统的共振.     

Solution of the hyperbolic mild‐slope equation using the finite volume method

A finite volume solver for the 2D depth‐integrated harmonic hyperbolic formulation of the mild‐slope equation for wave propagation is presented and discussed. The solver is implemented on unstructured triangular meshes and the solution methodology is based upon a Godunov‐type second‐order finite volume scheme, whereby the numerical fluxes are computed using Roe's flux function. The eigensystem of the mild‐slope equations is derived and used for the construction of Roe's matrix. A formulation that updates the unknown variables in time implicitly is presented, which produces a more accurate and reliable scheme than hitherto available. Boundary conditions for different types of boundaries are also derived. The agreement of the computed results with analytical results for a range of wave propagation/transformation problems is very good, and the model is found to be virtually paraxiality‐free. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

用图像分析限流和分压接法中滑动变阻器的选取

借助Ux-Rap图像分析得出滑动变阻器的选取原则:控制电路采用限流接法时,要求滑动变阻器的最大阻值与被测电阻的阻值接近,即接近为原则;控制电路采用分压式接法时,滑动变阻器的最大阻值应远小于被测电阻的阻值,故在分压接法中,应选择阻值较小而额定电流较大的滑动变阻器.     

潭邵高速公路膨胀土新的分类方法与工程应用

在分析评价现有膨胀土分类方法的基础上,根据潭邵高速公路膨胀土的工程特性,对潭邵高速公路膨胀土进行了重新分类,是对现有分类方法的补充和完善,填补了双40%以下膨胀土分类的空白.根据新的分类方法,提出了膨胀土路堤和路堑边坡设计建议值,根据此设计建议值,对潭邵高速公路进行了设计和施工,实践证明,该分类方法和边坡坡度建议值符合工程实际情况.表6,参10.     

Objective acoustic voice-quality parameters in the computer phonetogram

A phonetogram is a plot of the dynamic range of the voice as a function of fundamental frequency. Traditionally, the phonetogram only records the sound-pressure level (SPL) of the threshold of phonation and the upper limit in SPL the voice can reach with sustained phonation as a function of the fundamental frequency (F₀). In this study, the phonetogram is extended by including acoustic voice-quality parameters. Three additional parameters are tested: jitter, shimmer, and crest factor. For each individual voice, the variation in the three parameters is evaluated over the entire phonetogram area. By averaging individual phonetograms, standard or norm phonetograms are obtained revealing general patterns in voice-quality variation. These patterns reflect the complex relations between F₀, SPL, and the acoustic voice-quality parameters just mentioned. Jitter and shimmer distributions over the phonetogram show that large variations in perturbation values can be expected when production conditions are altered. Highest perturbation values are found for the low F₀ and low SPL phonations. For all voices, a gradual decrease of the crest factor is found with increasing F₀, reflecting the degrading of spectral complexity with F₀. The crest-factor parameter can also be used to mark those areas in the phonetogram where the fundamental dominates the waveform and where flow control is the main SPL regulating mechanism in voice production. The strong quality variations within the phonetogram stress the need for accurate control of F₀ and SPL in objective voice-quality measurement.