Outflow refreshment angiography: A bright blood, bright static tissue technique

A new “bright blood” strategy, outflow refreshment imaging, is introduced in which a number of overlapping slices are excited in rapid succession. Flowing spins that refresh each overlapped slice portion contribute a bright signal. Additionally, static tissue in each non-overlapped slice portion also yields a bright signal. However, the flow/static contrast is comparable to that produced in inflow refreshment images, and angiograms can be generated by conventional maximum intensity projection processing. The dual ability to visualize angiograms and static tissue images is a major benefit of the strategy. Computer simulations of flow sensitivities and in vivo results are presented which compare the outflow and inflow refreshment imaging strategies.     

Comparative in vivo constituents and pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration of ultrafine granular powder and traditional decoction slices of Chinese Salvia

Salvia miltiorrhiza, one of the most well‐known herbal medicines, is commonly used for the treatment of coronary heart diseases in China. Besides traditional decoction slices (TDS), another relatively new product of S. miltiorrhiza, ultrafine granular powder (UGP; D90 < 45 μm), is also increasingly being used. In this paper, a UHPLC‐LTQ‐Orbitrap MS technique was developed for a metabolite profile study after oral administration of UGP and TDS of S. miltiorrhiza. The results showed that the number of in vivo absorbed compounds from UGP was much greater than that from TDS, and different types of products from S. miltiorrhiza will have different metabolic processes in vivo. Furthermore, a UHPLC‐Q‐Trap MS/MS method for simultaneously determining four tanshinones (tanshinone IIA, dihydrotanshinone I, tanshinone I and cryptotanshinone) was established and applied to assess the pharmacokinetics of the two types of products. All of the analytes displayed significant higher area under the concentration–time curve and peak concentration after oral administration of UGP than after TDS, indicating that ultrafine powder product could improve the bioavailability and absorption of cryptotanshinon,tanshinone II A,dihydrotanshinonE I and tanshinone I in vivo. The present study provides scientific information for further exploration of the pharmacology of these two types of S. miltiorrhiza and offers a reference for clinical administration of S. miltiorrhiza.     

马铃薯升华干燥过程中的仿真研究

目的 为了了解马铃薯升华干燥效果和马铃薯的升华干燥时间,优化冻干过程,减少冻干能耗,采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对马铃薯切片进行模拟。方法 综合利用传热学、传质学和有关学科知识,建立马铃薯切片在升华干燥过程中的物理模型和数学模型,模拟马铃薯片的升华干燥过程。结果 冰质量与初始时刻冰质量之比随着干燥时间增加逐渐减少,脱水速率随着干燥时间增加逐渐减小。考虑模拟忽略了蒸汽从切片四周流出的实际情况,导致冰质量与初始时刻冰质量之比实际值小于模拟值,脱水速率实际值高于模拟值。实际上升华干燥能除去马铃薯切片85%以上甚至90%以上的水分,干燥效果较好。随着马铃薯切片厚度的增加,马铃薯切片的升华干燥时间逐渐增大。马铃薯升华干燥时所处的冻干仓温度越高,升华干燥完成时所用的时间越少。冻干仓压力越大,马铃薯升华干燥时间越长。隔板温度越大,马铃薯的升华干燥时间越短。结论 在对马铃薯进行冻干时,应尽量增加冻干仓温度,降低冻干仓压力,增加隔板温度,减小马铃薯厚度,以降低马铃薯在冷冻干燥过程中的能耗。     

基于限制的OLAM任务语义模型

通过对大量决策分析算法的分析,提出了基于限制(Constraint)的OLAM任务语义模型,该模型从一定的逻辑高度对OLAM进行抽象,利用它可以分析OLAM任务的共性,提取OLAM任务执行时的基本操作,这些基本操作的基础是语义片断。文中给出了语义片断之间关联关系的分析和判断方法,提出了基于限制的、具有方向性的语义关联度定义。语义片断间关系的确定是OLAM任务/事务优化的基础。     

影响抗药性变化几个因子的研究

本文用玻片浸沾法测定棉花红蜘蛛(普通红叶螨—Tetranychus telariusLinn和中华红叶螨T.Chinensis Lo)对E—1059的抗药性变化。试验结果表明,营养条件的变动可以导致抗性的变化,一般杂草上棉叶螨较棉花上的敏感;不同种的敏感性也不同,在棉花上,T.telarius比T.chinensis抗性强;在抗药性的季节性变化中,以7月下旬～8月上旬达到最高峰,8月中旬后又开始下降,形成两头低中间高;在虫体内胆碱酯酶的敏感性,抗性品系降低十分明显,而用E—1059处理后,酶的活性受到不同程度的抑制(从33.3％～100％)。     

分割图像插值的一种局部算法

对于医学序列切片，图像上像素之间的间隔常常小于切片之间的距离，而在图像处理中，常常需要它们有一致的分辨率。对于已分割的切片图像，插入的切片图像也应是分割的图像。本文提出了一种图像插值的局部算法，该算法在产生新插入图像每点的分割信息与颜色信息时，计算只与相邻切片图像的局部像素值有关。因此既保持了相邻切片的物体形态过渡自然，又具有良好的数值稳定性。应用该算法于医学序列切片进行插值时，可达到良好的视觉效果。算法已成功应用于医学数据的三维重建系统。     

Assembling Synthesis of ZnSe Orthohexagonal Slices through Emulsion Liquid Membrane System of Gas-liquid Transport

Orthohexagonal slices assembled by ZnSe quantum dots were synthesized through emulsion liquid membrane system. These orthohexagonal slices were 1.5-3.5 μm in side length and were self-assembled by ZnSe quantum dots of 2-3 nm. It was proposed the surfactant molecules on ZnSe quantum dots played a key role in the self-assembly process.     

虚拟切片在病理学实验教学中的应用

随着多媒体信息化技术的不断实现,在病理学实验教学中运用虚拟切片的技术也在不断深入和完善。大理学院基础医学院于2012年10月将该技术设备引进病理学实践教学中,以此阐述虚拟切片在病理学实验教学中的应用情况。     

Methodological aspects of in vitro sensing of L-glutamate in acute brain slices

L-Glutamate is a major amino acid neurotransmitter in the central neuronal system of the mammalian brain and plays a vital role in brain development, synaptic plasticity, neurotoxicity, and neuropathological disorders. Despite technical limitations, progress is being made in sensing L-glutamate in vivo and in vitro. Sophisticated microsensors with the necessary spatial and temporal resolution have recently been emerging, which enable us to discern regional distribution, concentration levels, and temporal changes of L-glutamate in acute brain slices. The L-glutamate sensors for in vitro sensing have different structures and sizes, such as glass capillary-based enzyme sensors, polymer-coated enzyme sensors, and patch sensors based on natural sensing probes. The concentration of L-glutamate released in brain slices by chemical stimulation is markedly dependent on neuronal regions, types of stimulation, and sensing methods. Real- and long-time monitoring of L-glutamate in acute hippocampal slices is beginning to shed light on L-glutamate release related to the molecular mechanisms of long-term potentiation. Progress is also being made toward the visualization of L-glutamate release in acute hippocampal slices. The methodological aspects of in vitro sensing of L-glutamate are discussed.     

Rank of 3-tensors with 2 slices and Kronecker canonical forms

Tensor type data are becoming important recently in various application fields. We determine the rank of a 3-tensor with 2 slices in comparison with its Kronecker canonical form over the complex and real number field.