高压电机起动的饱和电抗器设计

介绍高压电机起动用饱和电抗器参数的选择及设计方法，并给出了具体例子。     

Calculation of impulsively started incompressible viscous flows

The paper's focus is the calculation of unsteady incompressible 2D flows past airfoils. In the framework of the primitive variable Navier–Stokes equations, the initial and boundary conditions must be assigned so as to be compatible, to assure the correct prediction of the flow evolution. This requirement, typical of all incompressible flows, viscous or inviscid, is often violated when modelling the flow past immersed bodies impulsively started from rest. Its fulfillment can however be restored by means of a procedure enforcing compatibility, consisting in a pre‐processing of the initial velocity field, here described in detail. Numerical solutions for an impulsively started multiple airfoil have been obtained using a finite element incremental projection method. The spatial discretization chosen for the velocity and pressure are of different order to satisfy the inf–sup condition and obtain a smooth pressure field. Results are provided to illustrate the effect of employing or not the compatibility procedure, and are found in good agreement with those obtained with a non‐primitive variable solver. In addition, we introduce a post‐processing procedure to evaluate an alternative pressure field which is found to be more accurate than the one resulting from the projection method. This is achieved by considering an appropriate ‘unsplit’ version of the momentum equation, where the velocity solution of the projection method is substituted. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CC60汽轮机冷态启动汽缸温差大原因分析及处理

仪征化纤热电厂 3、4号双抽机组长期以来存在着冷态启动时上下缸温差过大问题。结合此型机组配汽机构的特点 ,分析了冷态开机时上下缸温差较大的原因 ,从理论上计算出高压油动行程为 6 1mm时 ,能使调节级处上下缸温差控制在合格范围内 ,并在运行中作了验证     

日本落叶松人工林抚育间伐起始期的研究

日本落叶松人工林抚育间伐开始期的选定，将直接影响其后期生长，通过对试验地调查并选取标准木进行树干解析，用两种不同的方法，从不同的角度对日本落叶松进行了抚育间伐开始期的确定，分析不同起始期对林分生长的影响，结果表明：间伐合理起始期可以通过分析林木胸径连年生长量情况来确定；初植密度高，间伐合理起始期提前，反之，推迟；超过合理间伐起始期会抑制林木生长。     

基于用户多维度信任的冷启动推荐模型

在传统协同过滤(collaborative filtering,CF)算法中存在着用户冷启动低效推荐问题,基于社交信息的社会化推荐算法通过引入用户的社交关系来缓解冷用户的数据稀疏问题,具有很好的研究应用前景。但该算法对用户间的信任度量较为片面单一而难以准确地对冷用户做出个性化推荐。针对此缺点,从不同维度量化分析了影响用户信任的因素,理论推导出用户多维度信任度量模型,将该模型计算得到的用户综合信任与传统协同过滤中的用户评分相似度值进行有效线性融合,提出了一种基于用户多维度信任的冷启动推荐模型。通过使用真实数据集Epinions并采用留一法进行实验对比分析。实验结果表明,提出的模型在对冷启动用户的推荐中,其平均绝对误差(mean absolute error,MAE)、覆盖率(rating coverage,RC)和F1值(F-measure)3个评估指标相比其他算法有了明显改善。     

低温工况下燃料电池性能衰减及策略优化

利用极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、循环伏安(CV)及分区测试技术等表征手段,从不同角度对质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)在低温(0℃)存储和启动工况下的性能衰减进行研究.结果表明:停机过程无气体吹扫的情况下,冻结/解冻循环导致PEMFC极化阻抗增加,电流密度衰减,催化剂电化学活性面积(ECSA)减少,以及分区电流密度分布均匀性下降,直接影响了PEMFC耐久性;基于优化的二次吹扫策略,可在更少吹扫气体用量下,增强吹扫除水效果;通过水浴加热辅助,在340s内成功实现单电池-30℃低温冷启动.     

Viscous flow in a mixed compression intake

Numerical simulation of the flow in a two‐dimensional mixed compression intake is carried out by solving unsteady viscous compressible equations using a stabilized finite element method. The effect of bleed in starting/unstarting of the intake and controlling the buzz instability is investigated in detail. Higher bleed leads to an increase in the ability of the intake to sustain larger back‐pressure for stable operation. The amount of bleed and its location is varied to understand its effect on the performance of the intake. Two kinds of unsteady oscillations are observed: ‘little’ and ‘big’ buzz. The frequency of the both kinds of buzz oscillations is found to be super‐harmonic of the fundamental acoustic frequency of intake modeled as an open‐closed organ pipe. The frequency as well as amplitudes of the big buzz cycles is larger than those of the little buzz. The little‐ and big‐buzz are found to occur for low‐ and high‐subcritical state of the intake and are very similar to Ferri and Dailey criteria, respectively. Buzz is eliminated when relatively high bleed is implemented, both, upstream and downstream of the throat. The effect of rate of change of back‐pressure on the start/unstart of the intake is investigated. Two situations are considered. The first case is that of an intake where the back‐pressure remains below the critical value. It is found that the intake remains started if the change in back‐pressure is gradual. However, it unstarts if the back‐pressure is changed relatively rapidly. The second set of simulations is an attempt to model the situation where the back‐pressure at the exit of the intake exceeds the critical value and a logic is incorporated in the feed back loop of the fuel modulation to start the intake. Low rate of change of pressure is unsuccessful in starting the intake. Relatively high rates result in either a quick starting of the intake or a slow unstart. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

炼钢厂连铸机的开浇时间决策优化模型

针对炼钢厂连铸机开浇时是否连浇以及开浇时间确定等问题,从钢厂生产线上待加工的铁水/钢水金属资源平衡的角度,建立了以连铸生产总效益最大为目标函数的连铸机开浇决策的混合整数规划模型,并用基于MATLAB软件的YALMIP优化工具进行模型的求解.针对某钢厂的实际情况进行模型的应用测试,结果表明:模型可以优化决策连铸机各浇次的开浇时间,有助于编制合理的炼钢厂生产调度作业计划,稳定各班次之间的生产条件,降低生产线上的积压金属量,为炼钢厂连铸机的有序开浇提供了技术手段.     

太赫兹波段Smith-Purcell辐射的介质加载光栅高频特性

提出了一种用于Smith-Purcell效应器件的介质加载光栅慢波结构,通过研究该结构的注-波互作用过程,推导出带电子注的色散方程,并数值求解出波的线性增长率.利用色散方程,结合电磁场传播的边界条件,推导出Smith-Purcell效应振荡器工作所需的起振电流.详细研究了高频结构长度、电子注主要参数和介质相对介电常数对起振电流的影响,并与普通金属光栅结构进行了比较.结果表明:保持其他参数不变时,高频结构长度越短,起振电流越大;保持高频结构参数不变时,起振电流随电子注厚度和注-栅距离的增大而增大,随电子注电压的增大而减小;与金属光栅相比,介质的引入提高了注-波互作用的增长率,有效减小了振荡器的起振电流.理论计算结果与软件CHIPIC的模拟结果比较符合.     

应急救灾物资紧急调度问题研究

重点讨论时间不确定条件下的应急物资调度问题,当从出救点到应急地点时间为区间数时,首先建立了应急方案可信度最高的模型,又建立了可信度最高,出救成本最小的多目标数学模型,通过一个实例分析说明了本文给出方法的可行性和有效性,本文的方法丰富了已有的求解方法,具有实际应用价值。