鹰嘴豆发芽过程中部分营养成分的变化规律

采用国家标准规定的方法,研究鹰嘴豆发芽过程中蛋白质、氨基酸、核黄素、异黄酮、膳食纤维的变化规律。结果表明,鹰嘴豆在发芽过程中蛋白质含量不断下降,由未发芽时的18.42%降低至第9天的13.50%。鹰嘴豆氨基酸的组成中,天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、精氨酸含量较多。在发芽过程中,谷氨酸和精氨酸含量有所下降,谷氨酸含量由未发芽时的3.50%下降为第9天的3.10%;精氨酸含量由未发芽时的2.25%下降为第9天的1.72%;天冬氨酸含量则不断上升,由最初的2.51%上升至第9天的4.73%。异黄酮在鹰嘴豆中含量丰富,在发芽过程,其含量由最初的106.44mg/100g,上升到第9天的806.00mg/100g;核黄素含量也由发芽前的1.44mg/100g上升至第7天的1.85mg/100g;可溶性膳食纤维含量显著提高,不溶性膳食纤维含量呈下降趋势。通过对鹰嘴豆发芽前后营养成分变化对比的研究,希望为鹰嘴豆功能食品的开发和利用提供理论依据。     

Riboflavin as a green sorbent in dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of several pesticides from fruit juices combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction

A vortex-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction procedure using a new and green sorbent was developed as a simple, fast, and efficient sample preparation method for the extracting five pesticides in several fruit juice samples. In this study, for the first time, riboflavin was used as an efficient sorbent. A few milligrams of riboflavin was directly added into the aqueous solution containing the analytes to adsorb them. After adsorption the analytes, they were desorbed and more concentrated by a dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure. The influence of several effective parameters such as amount of riboflavin, pH, vortex time, eluent nature and volume, and extraction solvent type and volume on the extraction efficiency was investigated. In optimal conditions, linear ranges of the calibration curves were broad. The limits of detection and quantification were attained in the ranges of 0.56–1.5  and 1.9–0.52 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. The proposed method demonstrated to be suitable for concurrent extraction of the studied pesticides in various fruit juice samples with high enrichment factors (320–360) and precision (relative standard deviation ≤7.8% for intra- [n = 6] and interday [n = 4] precisions at a concentration of 25 ng mL⁻¹ of each pesticide).     

LED光诱导化学发光法检测饮料中的核黄素

以化学发光法为基础,建立了以发光二极管(LED)诱导化学发光体系(LED-CL)检测饮料中核黄素含量的分析方法。样品溶液与鲁米诺溶液混合后由蠕动泵带出,经LED灯照射后产生化学发光,产生的化学发光信号由光电检测器检测。核黄素浓度检测线性范围为0.39~79.56μg/L(R≥0.999 7),加标回收率为99.3%~103%,可用于饮料中核黄素的检测。     

Kinetics and mechanism of electron-induced splitting of a cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer with or without an electron acceptor

DNA repair has received heightened attention in recent years as ozone depletion threatens to significantly increase DNA damage by UVB radiation[1—6]. The major lesions formed in DNA by this radiation are cis-syn cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, which are created by the linkage of two neighboring pyrimidine bases in DNA via C5-C5 and C6-C6 atoms by [2+2] cycloaddition[2,5—8]. This potentially lethal or mutagenic damage can be repaired either by the removal of the damaged bases by excisio…     

Modification of the rib operon derived from Bacillus subtilis and its expression in Escherichia coli

A riboflavin operon （rib operon） derived from Bacillus subtilis 368 was modified on structure and the resulting operons were expressed in various strains of Escherichia coli. The results showed that the optimization of the rib operon and the host strain used for expression are two main factors affecting the riboflavin production. Replacing the promoterl and rfn box of the rib operon with a strong constructive promoter spol drastically increased the expression of the rib genes. When E. coli JM109 was used as the host strain, the highest riboflavin production reached 95.3μg/mL （about eight times higher than that of the unmodified r/b operon）. In addition, when tetracycline （20 μg/mL） was used as the selective pressure, compared with the ampicillin resistant transformants, a higher riboflavin yield was obtained in tetracycline resistant host strain.     

SDS-PAGE study on photooxidation damage of lysozyme induced by riboflavin

The photooxidation damage of lysozyme under 315-375 nm irradiation in the presence of riboflavin was studied by using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).Indica- tions showed that the mechanisms and products of oxidative damage were relative to the concentra- tion of riboflavin,the time of irradiation and the ambience.The type I process was examined in a nitrogen saturated solution,whereas both type I and type II were observed in an aerobic atmosphere and type II was the dominant process.The study also suggested that antioxidants,such as melatonin, can reduce the damage of lysozyme effectively.     

亚硫酸氢钠-过氧化氢超微弱化学发光体系用于核黄素检测

亚硫酸氢钠(Na HSO3)和过氧化氢(H2O2)反应可产生微弱的化学发光。核黄素对亚硫酸氢钠和过氧化氢的化学发光有极大的增强作用,且化学发光强度在0.02~2.0μg/m L范围内与核黄素浓度呈良好的线性关系。据此,建立了核黄素的高灵敏化学发光分析方法,方法检出限为0.007μg/m L,相对标准偏差(n=11)不大于1.6%。利用荧光光谱、化学发光谱对核黄素增强Na HSO3-H2O2体系化学发光的机理进行探讨,为该体系的应用研究提供了新思路。     

Simultaneous square-wave voltammetric determination of riboflavin and folic acid in pharmaceutical preparations

The square-wave voltammetric (SWV) behaviour of riboflavin and folic acid was studied at a static mercury drop electrode by square wave voltammetry. In 0.05M KCl (pH 5.89) a cathodic scan gave peaks at — 0.56 and — 0.87 V vs. Ag/AgCl for riboflavin and folic acid, respectively. The reduction peak currents are linearly dependent on the concentration of vitamins. Both vitamins can be simultaneously determined from the same voltammogram. The method proposed for the determination of riboflavin and folic acid in multivitamin tablets is very simple, rapid and does not involve time-consuming separation steps. The average contents of riboflavin and folic acid were found to be 14.8 ± 1.26% and 1.46 ± 2.66%, for tablet A and 9.86 ±1.40% and 1.47 ± 2.0% for tablet B, respectively.     

核黄素光敏氧化噻吩脱硫研究

以噻吩的正辛烷溶液模拟FCC汽油,以水为萃取剂,以空气中的O2为氧化剂,以核黄素为光敏剂,研究了噻吩在500W高压汞灯照射下的光化学氧化。实验结果表明,在通气量为150mL/min、水油比为1∶1、核黄素加入量为30μmol/L的条件下,反应3h后噻吩的脱硫率能够达到85.4%。核黄素的敏化作用是通过激发基态氧为单线态氧实现的,噻吩氧化脱硫为一级动力学反应,加入光敏剂时反应速率常数k=9.10×10-5s-1,半衰期t1/2＝2.12h。