氢氟酸腐蚀玻璃实验现象与机理探讨

对氢氟酸腐蚀玻璃实验现象进行了研究,发现了新的实验现象,并探讨了反应机理与反应表示式.     

35Cr25Ni12奥氏体耐热钢中碳化物的电子显微分析

应用扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）研究了长期使用前后的35Cr25Ni12奥氏体耐热钢中的碳化物演变行为；该钢固溶时效后的组织由初晶奥氏体及M23C6共晶碳化物组成，奥氏体基体中析出了二次M23C6，二次碳化物总是与基体保持立方－立方取向关系；长期使用（3、5年）后，奥氏体中析出的二次碳化物量明显增加，部分M23C6已转变为M6C，M6C与奥氏体基体以及二次碳化物M23C6保持[001]M6C//[221]A//[221]M23C6孪晶取向关系。     

岩土体渗透变形在坝基工程中的危害及防治

介绍了渗透变形的特征，危害及其影响因素，阐述了渗透变形的预测和防治方法。     

砖填充墙钢筋砼框架的抗震优化设计

本文在分析总结国内外关于填充墙框架抗侧力性能资料的基础上,提出采用“等效斜撑框架模型”对砖填充墙钢筋砼框架进行抗震设计,并用可行方向法对此类结构进行抗震优化设计,编制了相应的计算机程序IFOSD-88(Fortran77),对于一般多层填充墙框架结构,经2～3次迭代即可获得稳定的结果。文末给出一个工程设计实例,计算结果表明,与现行设计方法相比,工程造价可降低8％左右。     

Solubilities,thermostabilities and flame retardance behaviour of phosphorus-containing flame retardants and copolymers

Thirteen phosphorus-containing flame retardants were synthesized in this work. The solubilities of flame retardant [(6-oxide-6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin-6-yl)-methyl]-butanedioic acid (DDP) in selected solvents are measured. TGA measurements of the 13 phosphorus-containing flame retardants were carried out and thermal stabilities of three flame-resistant PET (FRPET) resins were investigated. A FRPET incorporated by DDP with terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol reported in literature was also discussed and compared. The thermal stability of the FRPET is improved by the incorporation of phosphorus-containing flame retardants. The LOI values of all phosphorus-containing polyesters are higher than 27%. The improvement of the flame-resistant ability is due to the formation of the char that is not only caused by the existence of phosphorus elements in the resin but also by the relative large number of carbon atoms of the phenyl group in the flame retardants.     

Novel aromatic polyimides derived from benzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-2,3,8,9-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BBTDA)

Benzofuro[2,3-b]benzofuran-2,3,8,9-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (BBTDA) is introduced as a monomer for the synthesis of a series of novel polyimides with enhanced high thermal stability. Polyimides derived from BBTDA and aromatic diamines showed high glass transition (T_g>296 °C) and degradation (T₅>455 °C) temperatures, and were soluble in organic solvents (i.e. N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N^′-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N^′-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)). The polymerization yielded high-molecular-weight polyimides with inherent viscosities ranging from 1.75 to 2.14 dl/g. The polymers were characterized by IR and elemental analysis.     

棉花黄萎病毒素在早期抗病性检测中的应用研究

用棉花黄萎病（Ｖ．ｄａｈｌｉａｅ）毒素,处理不同抗性品种二叶期幼苗,结果表明,黄萎病毒素对棉花幼苗有明显致萎作用,其萎蔫指数与田间病情指数呈显著正相关,同时发现黄萎病毒素对种子发芽也有明显的抑制作用     

油菜抗羟脯氨酸突变体的筛选

本文用脯氨酸的类似物羟脯氨酸筛选出经甲基磺酸乙酯（ＥＭＳ）诱变处理的油菜幼胚培养苗的抗羟脯氨酸突变体．抗性系叶片中的绝大多数游离氨基酸的含量都比对照品种“Ｏｒｏ”高,其中游离脯氨酸的含量是“Ｏｒｏ”的２２倍,表明用羟脯氨酸筛选出的突变体植株细胞内的游离氨基酸,特别是游离脯氨酸的含量明显增加．抗性系后代的多种农艺性状试验结果表明,抗性系的产量比对照高３１１％,发病率低３８５％,病情指数下降００９％,说明在油料作物中用羟脯氨酸筛选抗羟脯氨酸的突变体是一种行之有效的方法     

壳聚糖在膜分离上的应用

膜分离是工业上能耗最低的一种分离过程，选择合适的膜材料和制膜工艺，一直是分离膜研究的核心．随着全球新材料的开发朝着环境友好材料方向的发展，壳聚糖作为一种无毒、无污染、可生物降解的天然高分子，受到了国内外学者的广泛关注．文章综述了壳聚糖在反渗透膜、超滤膜、渗透-蒸发膜和气体分离膜上的应用及其研究进展．     

甘蔗组织培养中不同阶段的抗生素及PPT抗性筛选试验

本试验在甘蔗高效再生体系的基础上,在心叶愈伤组织诱导、胚性愈伤组织芽分化、生长以及生根各阶段的培养基中,分别附加不同质量浓度的G418、潮霉素(Hyg)和除草剂PPT3种选择性试剂,以确定甘蔗遗传转化所用的最佳筛选浓度.试验表明:福农81-745(糖蔗)与Badila(果蔗)2个品种对G418、Hyg和PPT的抗性差异不大;G418、潮霉素和PPT在甘蔗组培各个阶段均对外植体有强烈的抑制作用.因此建议在甘蔗遗传转化中,G418和Hyg对甘蔗愈伤组织诱导生长,芽分化、生长及试管苗生根3个阶段的抗性筛选质量浓度均为30mg·L-1;PPT对愈伤诱导生长和芽分化、生长2个阶段的抗性筛选质量浓度为0.75mg·L-1,而生根阶段为1.00mg·L-1.