Carbide precipitates in solution-quenched PH13-8 Mo stainless steel: A small-angle neutron scattering investigation

This paper deals with the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) investigation on solution-quenched PH13-8 Mo stainless steel. From the nature of the variation of the functionality of the profiles for varying specimen thickness and also from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), it has been established that the small-angle scattering signal predominantly originates from the block-like metallic carbide precipitates in the specimen. The contribution due to double Bragg reflection is not significant in the present case. The single scattering profile has been extracted from the experimental profiles corresponding to different values of specimen thickness. In order to avoid complexity and non-uniqueness of the multi-parameter minimization for randomly oriented polydisperse block-like precipitate model, the data have been analyzed assuming randomly oriented polydisperse cylindrical particle model with a locked aspect ratio.     

回收碘的研究

主要介绍了磷化工厂含碘烟气中碘元素通过富集，沉淀回收的方法。对碘的回收的影响因素很多，主要讨论温度、pH值、沉淀剂的种类与碘回收的关系，并且通过实验找出最佳的工艺参数并确定经济合理、适用性广的工艺流程。     

Composition of oxygen precipitates in Czochralski silicon wafers investigated by STEM with EDX/EELS and FTIR spectroscopy

In this work, we investigated the stoichiometry of oxygen precipitates in Czochralski silicon wafers. The thickness dependence of the Cliff–Lorimer sensitivity factor for the silicon/oxygen system was determined and applied for the investigation of the stoichiometry of oxygen precipitates by EDX. The results show that both plate‐like oxygen precipitates and a transitional form between plate‐like and octahedral precipi‐ tates consist of SiO₂. This was confirmed by EELS low loss spectra where the typical spectrum for amorphous SiO₂ was observed. Moreover, the absorption band of plate‐like precipitates at 1227 cm^–1 was found in the low temperature FTIR spectrum. It was demonstrated that this band can only be simulated by the dielectric constants of amorphous SiO₂. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

含铜无取向电工钢中析出相及其析出机理

研究了含铜低碳低硅无取向电工钢中的析出相及其析出机理.由能谱(EDS)及选区电子衍射(SAED)分析可知,铁素体基体上存在的大量弥散分布的等轴状析出相为类B2结构的铜.这些铜析出相的析出机理可以是一般析出、位错析出、台阶机理相间析出和弓出机理相间析出:一般析出在550、650和750℃三个等温温度均可发生;位错析出只发生在较低的等温温度(550℃),此时析出相呈特殊的平行短列状;台阶机理相间析出也可在上述三个等温温度下发生,但650℃等温时最有利于台阶机理相间析出,此时析出相平直列状分布;弓出机理相间析出只发生在较高的等温温度(750℃),析出相弯曲列状分布.     

双辊薄带连铸1.2%Si无取向电工钢组织和析出物

研究了双辊薄带连铸条件下,1.2%Si无取向电工钢初始组织和析出物形貌及分布规律.结果表明,在1 550℃浇注条件下,铸带经过空冷后以粗大的原始铸态铁素体组织为主,也有一部分相变产生的细小晶粒,晶粒尺寸范围为50~400μm.铸带中析出物为AlN和MnS,其中AlN析出分为高温析出和相变析出两种,高温析出AlN尺寸在0.5μm左右,相变析出AlN尺寸则在100 nm左右,二者对再结晶组织影响不大.MnS在铸带成型和成品退火过程中都有析出,尺寸范围为30~40nm.     

CSP工艺含钛耐候钢中的纳米磷化物

应用透射电镜(TEM)和X射线能谱(EDX)对CSP工艺含钛耐候钢中的细小磷化物进行了研究.对成品钢板和经900℃压缩20%并等温30min的连铸坯分析结果表明:耐候钢中存在MxP型纳米级磷化物,x值为2～3,金属元素M为Fe、Ti及少量Cr或Ni,磷化物的结构为六方晶系,点阵常数a=0.609nm、c=0.351nm;成品钢板中磷化物尺寸多在20nm以下,而经过900℃压缩的连铸坯试样中磷化物的尺寸、形状不尽相同,较大的棒状磷化物长约300nm、宽约50nm,其他粒子在50nm以下,多呈方形.CSP工艺生产线中可能发生磷化物沉淀的阶段是热连轧的最后两个道次直至冷却到400～500℃的过程中;磷化物的析出可提高沉淀强化效果,但同时会使钢中的固溶磷浓度降低.     

低起始温度的线性升温热处理对直拉硅中氧沉淀的影响

研究了直拉硅片从不同的温度线性升温(Ramping)到750℃，然后在750℃退火64 h过程中的氧沉淀行为. 结果表明，Ramping对硅片中氧沉淀的形成有明显的促进作用，且起始温度越低促进作用越强. 这是因为在Ramping处理中，低温(450—650℃)热处理阶段氧的扩散速率显著增强，促进了氧沉淀核心的形成，且较低的Ramping升温速率有利于氧沉淀核心的稳定和继续长大. 进一步的实验结果还表明，低起始温度的Ramping处理可应用于硅片的内吸杂工艺，能促进氧沉淀的生成提高硅片的内吸杂能力，减少热预     

铝,钛,钒和铌对中碳钢奥氏体晶粒度的影响

对6炉微合金化高氮L45钢进行了长时间(1800s)加热时和快速(50℃/s)短时间(5s)加热时奥氏体晶粒长大试验。测定了奥氏体晶粒平均截线长度。在萃取复型透射电镜照片上利用图象分析仪测定了1、3和6钢样中微细析出相的尺寸分布。利用透射电镜能谱仪分析了微细析出相的化学成分。还探讨了铝及微合金化元素钛、钒和铌与加热温度对高氮中碳钢奥氏体晶粒度的影响机制。     

Investigation of ion-pair precipitates of selected alkoxylates and complex salts of specific metal cations by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry

Liquid secondary ion (LSI) mass spectra of ion-pair precipitates obtained for Triton X-100 with strontium, lead, cadmium and mercury tetraphenylborates and for selected butoxylene-ethoxylene monoalkyl ethers with barium tetraiodobismuthate(III) are discussed. On the basis of LSI mass spectra, recorded in both positive and negative modes, the formulae of the ion-pair precipitates were determined. On the basis of B/E mass spectra, the fragmentation routes of [M - H + Ba](+) ions for butoxylene-ethoxylene monoalkyl ether complexes of barium and [M - H + Cd](+) ions for the Triton X-100 complex of cadmium are proposed.     

无机沉淀物气浮表观活化能影响因素的研究

选取Ｎｉ２＋，Ｐｈ２＋，Ｚｎ２＋，Ｂｉ３＋，Ｃｒ３＋，Ｆｅ３＋，Ｃｅ４＋等重金属离子生成氢氧化物、硫化物及磷酸盐沉淀作试验．研究了沉淀物的种类和形态、沉淀物与气浮剂的吸附形态、不同的气浮剂及气浮方式等对气浮表现活化能的影响．