有机溶剂对还原蓝RS晶型转换及着色性能的影响

用有机溶剂对还原染料还原蓝ＲＳ（Ｃ．Ｉ．还原蓝４）进行颜料化是到颜色鲜艳、着色性能较好的的颜料（Ｃ．Ｉ．颜料蓝６０），研究了有机溶剂溶解度参数及溶剂处理时间、温度对颜料晶型转变及着色性能的影响。     

利用RNA干扰沉默马尔尼菲青霉菌聚酮合酶基因的相关研究

在实验室前期建立的马尔尼菲青霉菌cDNA文库中筛到了1个马尔尼菲青霉菌聚酮合酶基因cps(Cit-rinin Polyketide Synthase),为了研究这个cps基因的功能,构建了RNAi表达盒,表达盒内具有目的基因编码序列422 bp的反向重复序列并被gus基因隔开.整个干扰载体借助根癌农杆菌体系成功转化马尔尼菲青霉菌,并受木糖的诱导启动子xy/p调控RNA干扰.研究发现cps基因沉默的转化子产生与母代红色菌株不同的白色菌株,类似基因敲除的表型,表明cps基因与该青霉菌色素的形成直接相关.     

虾青素简介

虾青素是一种极具发展潜力的抗氧化剂和色素,在医药、食品、水产养殖等方面具有广泛的应用。对虾青素的结构、性质、生理功能、应用、生产方法及发展前景等进行了简要介绍。     

Independent Component Analysis of Spectral Absorbance Image in Human Skin

The image of spectral absorbance in human skin is analyzed by independent component analysis. The spectral absorbance image is estimated from an image with red, green, and blue channels. The qualitative information and spatial distribution of the pigments can be extracted by the independent component analysis. It is shown that the extracted absorption characteristics of the pigments are corresponding to those of hemoglobin and melanin.     

Gene mapping study for constitutive skin color in an isolated Mongolian population

To elucidate the genes responsible for constitutive human skin color, we measured the extent of skin pigmentation in the buttock, representative of lifelong non-sun-exposed skin, and conducted a gene mapping study on skin color in an isolated Mongolian population composed of 344 individuals from 59 families who lived in Dashbalbar, Mongolia. The heritability of constitutive skin color was 0.82, indicating significant genetic association on this trait. Through the linkage analysis using 1,039 short tandem repeat (STR) microsatellite markers, we identified a novel genomic region regulating constitutive skin color on 11q24.2 with an logarithm of odds (LOD) score of 3.39. In addition, we also found other candidate regions on 17q23.2, 6q25.1, and 13q33.2 (LOD ≥ 2). Family-based association tests on these regions with suggestive linkage peaks revealed ten and two significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the linkage regions of chromosome 11 and 17, respectively. We were able to discover four possible candidate genes that would be implicated to regulate human skin color: ETS1, UBASH3B, ASAM, and CLTC.     

Radiofrequency Irradiation Mitigated UV-B-Induced Skin Pigmentation by Increasing Lymphangiogenesis

Dermal macrophages containing melanin increase skin pigmentation since dermal melanin removal is slower than epidermal melanin removal. Lymphatic vessels are also involved in melanin clearance. We evaluated whether radiofrequency (RF) irradiation induced an increase in HSP90, which promotes lymphangiogenesis by activating the BRAF/MEK/ERK pathway and decreasing tyrosinase activity, in the UV-B exposed animal model. The HSP90/BRAF/MEK/ERK pathway was upregulated by RF. Tyrosinase activity and the VEGF-C/VEGFR 3/PI3K/pAKT1/2/pERK1/2 pathway, which increase lymphangiogenesis, as well as the expression of the lymphatic endothelial marker LYVE-1, were increased by RF. Additionally, the number of melanin-containing dermal macrophages, the melanin content in the lymph nodes, and melanin deposition in the skin were decreased by RF. In conclusion, RF increased HSP90/BRAF/MEK/ERK expression, which decreased tyrosinase activity and increased lymphangiogenesis to eventually promote the clearance of dermal melanin-containing macrophages, thereby decreasing skin pigmentation.     

Influence of Salinity Stress on Color Parameters,Leaf Pigmentation,Polyphenol and Flavonoid Contents,and Antioxidant Activity of Amaranthus lividus Leafy Vegetables

This is the first attempt to evaluate the impact of four salinity levels on the color parameters, pigments, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacities of four promising A. lividus genotypes. The color parameters, such as the yellowness/blueness (b*) and the chroma (C*); the antioxidant components, such as the polyphenols and flavonoids; and the antioxidant capacities of the leaves were remarkably increased by 39, 1, 5, 10 and 43%, respectively, at 50 mM of NaCl, and by 55, 5, 60, 34, 58 and 82%, respectively, at 100 mM NaCl concentrations. The green tower and SA6 genotypes were identified as tolerant varieties. The total phenolic content (TPC) and the total flavonoid content (TFC) played vital roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and they would be beneficial for the human diet and would serve as good antioxidants for the prevention of aging, and they are also essential to human health. A correlation study revealed the strong antioxidant capacities of the pigments and antioxidant components that were studied. It was revealed that A. lividus could tolerate a certain level of salinity stress without compromising the antioxidant quality of the final product. Taken together, our results suggest that A. lividus could be a promising alternative crop for farmers, especially in saline-prone areas in the tropical and subtropical regions.