人参果引种高寒地区的试验研究

文章主要阐述了在引种人参果过程中的栽培管理技术措施和引种所取得的效果。     

Headspace Solid-phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatographic–Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Essential Oils of Two Traditional Chinese Medicines, Angelica pubescens and Angelica sinensis

Angelica pubescens and Angelica sinensis belong to the Umbelliferae family and both are used as traditional Chinese medicines. In the present study, headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the analysis of the volatile constituents present in their roots. Eighty-seven compounds in Angelica pubescens and thirty-six compounds in Angelica sinensis were identified by GC-MS. Their relative contents were calculated by the peak area ratio. HS-SPME was compared to steam distillation (SD) by analyzing the volatile constituents of Angelica sinensis root. A good agreement between results obtained with both techniques was found. As a conclusion, HS-SPME is a powerful tool for determining the volatile constituents present in the TCMs.     

6种竹子叶器官的解剖结构比较

【目的】探究竹子营养叶与秆箨之间的关系,揭示竹子不同功能叶器官的结构差异,为竹类植物的基础生物学研究提供新的理论信息。【方法】以6种竹子即勃氏甜龙竹(Dendrocalamus brandisii)、慈竹(Bambusa emeiensis)、绵竹(Lingnania intermedia)、香竹(Chimonocalamus delicatus)、云南箭竹(Fargesia yunnanensis)和美竹(Phyllostachys mannii)的营养叶、秆箨和叶枝为研究对象,观察它们的显微结构,并对其各项指标进行测量与比较。【结果】竹子营养叶解剖结构具有指状臂细胞或梅花状细胞的分化,并且具有薄壁维管鞘细胞;秆上部的箨片形态更接近于叶片,而下部的箨片具有较厚的角质层,无叶肉细胞的分化,与叶片形态差异明显。竹子营养叶的叶片、叶柄、叶鞘和叶枝维管束韧皮部的面积占比均高于木质部,与秆箨(笋箨)有显著差异。秆箨(笋箨)的箨鞘与箨片维管束木质部面积占比更高,虽然秆上部箨片形状和大小都与叶片接近,但与叶片相比,其维管束木质部面积占比更高。叶鞘和箨鞘的解剖结构与叶片和箨片的有区别,与叶柄的结构基...     

An HPLC method for simultaneous quantitative determination of seven secoiridoid glucosides separated from the roots of Ilex pubescens

A simple and specific high‐performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated to simultaneously determine seven secoiridoid glucosides for the first time. Three of them were separated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Ilex pubescens for the first time, namely nuezhenide A, ligusides B and oleonuezhenide. In quantitative analysis, all of the calibration curves showed good linear regression (r > 0.999) within the tested ranges, and the mean recoveries of three different concentrations ranged from 97.6 to 101.2%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were <4.18 and 11.63 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. The relative standard deviation for repeatability and the precision of seven analytes were <3.4 and 1.9%, respectively. The established method was successfully applied to simultaneous determination of seven secoiridoid glucosides in 11 batches of samples collected from different habitats in China.     

毛冬青总皂苷对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用及血液微量元素影响

目的研究毛冬青总皂苷对脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,并初步探讨其血液微量元素的影响。方法动物随机分为假手术组、模型组、毛冬青总皂苷(高、中、低)剂量组及阳性药物对照组,运用大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞,制作脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,缺血10 min后,给药组及阳性药物组于舌下静脉给予高、中、低剂量的毛冬青总皂苷及假手术组、模型组给予等体积的溶剂。缺血60 min再灌注24 h后,每组取8只大鼠断头取脑,TTC染色,测定脑梗死体积;取血,测定血液中3种微量元素Ca、Zn、Cu的含量。结果毛冬青总皂苷组与模型组相比,毛冬青总皂苷治疗组脑梗死体积减小,病理变化较轻;模型组与假手术组比较血液中Ca、Cu含量增加明显有统计学意义,Zn含量明显降低与假手术组比较有统计学意义(P0.05),毛冬青高、中、低剂量组与模型组比较Ca、Cu含量明显降低,Zn含量明显升高,而且呈明显的量效关系,与模型组比较有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论毛冬青总皂苷对脑缺血再灌注损伤具有一定的保护作用,其保护机制与毛冬青总皂苷抗氧化作用及增强氧自由基的清除有关。     

毛竹基腐病病原的研究

毛竹基腐病是于１９７５年在江苏省常熟市首次发现的新病害，现已知浙江，安徽，江西、湖北和四川均有分布，国外至今未见报道，经多年的分离培养试验，从病株组织内获得４种真菌和１种细菌的纯培养，通过竹笋期的室内，室外和有伤，无伤的多次反复接种和再分离试验，结果表明：这种细菌对毛竹不有任何致病力，茁芽短梗霉和交链孢对毛竹只有很轻微的致病力，仅造成局部组织的坏死，暗孢节菱孢和异孢镰刀菌对毛竹有极强的致病力，并能     

毛竹基腐病菌（Arthrinium phaeospermum）的研究

报道毛竹基腐病菌（暗孢节菱孢）的形态特征，孢子萌发方式和主要生态特性。电镜观察表明，该菌的基本形态与Ｍ．Ｂ．Ｅｌｌｉｓ所描述的一致外，还发现了一些未被描述过的孢子类型：（１）长椭圆形一棍棒状的分生孢子；（２）向顶性陆续形成的分生孢子链；（３）间生和顶生的厚坦孢子。孢子萌发试验结果表明：该菌的分生孢子有两种萌发方式：一种是产生芽管，另一种是产生泡囊，囊中含有多个无色球状或椭圆形的孢子。适合孢子萌发的     

玉叶金花(Mussaenda pubescens)SSR引物的快速开发

利用链亲和素磁珠吸附法捕捉能与生物素标记的探针(AC)15退火结合的玉叶金花(Mussaenda pu-bescens)微卫星序列的单链限制性酶切片段.获得的单链目的片段,经PCR扩增形成双链,然后克隆到pGEMT载体上,转化至DH5α中,得到一个微卫星序列文库.经测序统计,引物得率为12.5%;根据序列设计的SSR两侧引物PL和PR,共得到5对有多态性的SSR引物.玉叶金花微卫星引物的筛选将为下一步进行玉叶金花基因组结构的分析、分子进化和系统发育研究提供重要的微卫星标记.     

惠州市植物叶片和叶面降尘的重金属特征

用ICP-AES测定了惠州市不同功能区的典型绿化树种大叶榕和紫荆叶片及其叶面降尘的重金属含量。结果表明,不同功能区植物叶片和叶面降尘的重金属含量差异显著,植物叶片综合污染指数为:商业交通区>工业区>居民区>清洁区,而叶面降尘的综合污染指数则为:工业区>商业交通区>居民区>清洁区。大叶榕叶片的重金属含量略高于紫荆,但差异不显著。降尘重金属污染严重,尤其Cd含量达到了广东省土壤背景值的120倍以上,Pb则为12倍以上。降尘重金属含量是叶片的2～800倍,通过叶片气孔吸收的降尘重金属较少。植物叶片和降尘的重金属含量随交通流量的减少而降低。除Cr和Cd元素外,大叶榕与紫荆叶片的重金属与叶面降尘中重金属相关性不显著。