纳米TiO2光催化剂在酸性黑水溶液中的吸附机制

目的研究纳米TiO2光催化剂在酸性黑NB水溶液中的吸附机制。方法以偏钛酸为钛源,均匀沉淀法制备纳米TiO2光催化剂,用TEM,XRD对所得纳米TiO2光催化剂的结构进行了表征。以获得的纳米TiO2光催化剂为吸附剂,对纳米TiO2在酸性黑NB水溶液中的吸附机制进行了实验研究。结果TiO2-NB水溶液固-液两相吸附符合Langmiur等温吸附式,测定了模型参数。确定的模型参数最大吸附量xmax为10.78 mg,吸附平衡常数q为0.257 L/mg。结论溶液的pH值对纳米TiO2-NB水溶液的吸附影响明显,pH越小表面吸附越强;IR进一步地分析了纳米TiO2-NB水溶液的吸附过程。吸附机制分析表明,NB分子在表面上的吸附是由于TiO2表面极性特性引发的表面羟基化。     

微乳液法制备超细K2Ln2Ti3O10及其光催化活性研究

以钛酸四丁酯、氢氧化钾和镧系金属氧化物为原料。采用微乳液法制备了系列超细K2Ln2Ti3O10（Ln=La．Ce,Pr．Nd，Sm，Eu，Gd）光催化剂。并考察了其光催化活性。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）和紫外可见吸收光谱（UV—Vis）对其进行了表征。结果表明：用微乳液法制备催化剂可以在较低的温度下（900℃），用较短的烧结时间（3h）合成结晶度高、粒径较小（200Mm）的K2Ln2Ti3O10钙钛矿型层状结构化合物。催化剂在紫外光和可见光条件下均具有光催化降解甲基橙的活性。紫外光条件下可以明显提高光催化降解活性，降解率达到60％。     

Effects of Calcination on the Physical and Photocatalytic Properties of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Powders Prepared by Sol–Gel Template Method

TiO₂ powders were prepared by sol–gel template method and calcined under different conditions. XRD, BET and TEM were used to characterize the TiO₂ powders obtained. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ was investigated by the degradation of methyl orange. It was found that TiO₂ powder has the highest photocatalytic activity at a calcination temperature of 673 K. The effects of physical properties such as surface area, crystallinity and crystal phase on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ were discussed.     

Sol-Gel Preparation and Photoelectrochemical Properties of Fe2TiO5 Thin Films

Polycrystalline Fe₂TiO₅ films were prepared on nesa silica glass substrates by the sol-gel method, and their photoanodic properties were measured in a three-electrode wet cell with an aqueous buffer solution of pH = 7. Gel films were crystallized into Fe₂TiO₅ when fired at 500°C. The photoanodic current significantly increased when the films were fired at 700°C, and then decreased with increasing firing temperature. Thicker films obtained by repeating the gel film deposition and firing showed smaller photocurrent, and the 50 nm thick film prepared via non-repetitive deposition exhibited the maximum photocurrent. Although the photoresponse was extended to wavelengths near 500 nm, the maximum quantum yield was as low as 0.12 at a wavelength of 340 nm.     

A Large-Area Patterned TiO2/SnO2 Bilayer Type Photocatalyst Prepared by Gravure Printing

Anatase TiO₂ films (thickness = 50 nm) were formed in shape of stripes (width = 1.6 mm, interval = 0.4 mm) by gravure printing on commercially available SnO₂ coated soda-lime glass substrates (dimension = 300 × 300 mm). Its photocatalytic activity was examined for the gas-phase oxidation of CH₃CHO in comparison with a simple TiO₂ photocatalyst formed on a silica glass. The patterned TiO₂/SnO₂ bilayer type photocatalyst showed a high photocatalytic activity in an H₂O bearing atmosphere. On the other hand, neither the patterning nor stacking effect was observed for the same reaction under dry conditions. These results could be explained in terms of the reducing potential of the electrons in the conduction band of the SnO₂ layer.     

Application of an Ion Beam Technique for the Design of Visible Light-Sensitive, Highly Efficient and Highly Selective Photocatalysts: Ion-Implantation and Ionized Cluster Beam Methods

As a new concept for the design of effective photocatalysts, an ion beam technology using accelerated metal ions, a metal ion implantation and an ionized cluster beam (ICB) method, have been applied to design unique photocatalysts. The metal ion implantation of TiO₂ and Ti-containing zeolites with highly accelerated metal ions (V⁺, Cr⁺, etc.) is useful in designing photocatalysts that can operate efficiently under visible light irradiation. Also, an ICB method with a low acceleration energy is useful in preparing transparent TiO₂ thin films on various types of substrates for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of pollutants diluted in water and air. The combination of the ICB method and metal ion implantation can develop the TiO₂ thin films that are able to operate not only under UV light but also under visible light irradiation.     

可见光照射下丙炔光催化水解反应的研究 Ⅱ．钒离子对二氧化钛催化性能的影响

 研究了几种不同粒径的TiO2在CH3CCH和H2O的光催化反应中的催化活性．结果表明,利用离子注入法可以拓展纳米TiO2催化剂的光吸收区域,使其吸收带向可见光方向偏移,且偏移程度随着TiO2粒径的增大而增大;特别是注入V离子使TiO2催化剂在可见光区域具有光催化活性．V离子注入后,TiO2催化剂在紫外区域的光催化活性没有下降,但在可见光区域的光催化活性有所提高．在五种光催化剂中,具有中等粒径大小的P－25注入V离子后表现出最高的光催化活性．在太阳光直接照射下,这些光催化剂也具有较高的催化活性．     

用气凝胶形式保存纳米TiO2光催化剂防团聚的研究

以钛酸正丁酯为原料,用溶胶—凝胶过程超临界CO2萃取法制备具有锐钛矿晶型结构的纳米TiO2气凝胶,用XRD、TEM、BET等分别对初生态气凝胶粒子、在常态下以气凝胶形式保存了360d的TiO2纳米粒子及以初生态气凝胶的粉体保存了360d的TiO2粒子进行表征,以光催化降解罗丹明B为模型反应.结果表明,以气凝胶形式保存纳米粒子能有力地防止纳米粒子的团聚,并基本保持初生态气凝胶粒子光催化降解罗丹明B的能力.     

TiO2光催化涂膜的制备及性能研究

研究以丙烯酸—有机硅乳液为粘结剂，以粘结成膜的方式，将Ti02光催化剂固定化。确定了以TiO2和粘结剂为主的光催化涂覆材料的基础配方。适量聚硅氧烷的加入可以提高光催化涂膜的硬度及改善涂膜与基底的附着状况。对涂膜的光催化性能、耐久性和活性等进行了研究。     

Photocatalytic effect of nature and modified V-bearing rutile

A natural rutile TiO2, which displays photocatalysis on degrading halohydrocarbon pollutants, was reported. The rutile contains up to 1.22% V2O5 (weight percent). Substitutions of Ti by V, as well as Fe, Cu and Zn, result in lattice distortions and defects. Grinding, heating and quenching modify the surface characteristics of ruffle, and consequently increase its photoactivity. It is found that the heating and quenching treatments enhance visible-light absorption of ruffle, especially at 1000 and 1100℃. Ground rutile is effective to degrade tetrachloroethylene and trichloroethylene. While, heating at 1000℃, and quenching at 1000 and 1100℃ distinctly improve degradation rate of samples. The special properties of the natural rutile have particular capabilities in photocatalytic oxidation, especially in degradation of halohydrocarbons.