催化褪色光度法测定痕量钴的研究

研究了在ＰＨ１０．５的Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＮａＯＨ介质中，痕量钴（Ⅱ）对过氧化氢氧化桑色素初色反应的催化作用，建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量钴的新方法。方法的线性范围为０－１．２μ／ｍＬ检出限为４．４＊１０＾－１８ｇ／Ｌ。用于水和维生素Ｂ１２中钴的测定，结果满意。     

Analysis of the effects of catalytic bleaching on cotton

Hydrogen peroxide can be catalyzed to bleach cotton fibers at temperatures as low as 30°C by incorporating dinuclear tri-μ-oxo bridged manganese(IV) complex of the ligand 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (MnTACN) as the catalyst in the bleaching solution. The catalytic system was found to be more selective under the conditions applied than the non-catalytic H₂O₂ system, showing better bleaching performance while causing slightly lower decrease in degree of polymerization (DP) of cellulose. In order to gain fundamental knowledge of the bleach effect on cotton fibers and cellulose as its main component, especially after catalytic bleaching, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study surface chemical effects. The Washburn method was applied to investigate wetting properties, and liquid porosity was used to obtain pore volume distribution (PVD) plots. Parallel analyzes performed on model cotton fabric, i.e. “clean” cotton fabric stained with morin - a pigment regularly found in native cotton fiber, helped to differentiate between pigment oxidation and other bleaching effects produced on the (regular) industrially scoured cotton fabric. Bleaching was not limited to the chemical action but also affected cotton fiber capillary parameters most likely due to the removal of non-cellulosic materials as well as chain-shortened cellulose.     

Determination of traces of bismuth by quenching of solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorescence from morin-labeled silicon dioxide nano-particles

Silicon dioxide nano-particles, diameter 50 nm, containing morin (morin–SiO₂) have been synthesized by the sol–gel method. They emit strong and stable room-temperature phosphorescence (SS-RTP) on filter paper as substrate, and bismuth can quench the intensity of the SS-RTP. On this basis a new morin–SiO₂ solid-substrate room-temperature phosphorescence-quenching method has been established for determination of traces of bismuth. Reduction of phosphorescence intensity (I_p) is directly proportional to the concentration of bismuth in the working range 0.16–14.4 ag spot^–1 (sample volume 0.40 L spot^–1, corresponding to the concentration range 0.40–36.0 fg mL^–1). The regression equation of the working curve is I_p=14.86+5.279×[Bi³⁺] (ag spot^–1) (n=6, r=0.9982). The detection limit of this method is 0.026 ag spot^–1 (corresponding to a concentration of 6.5×10^–17 g mL^–1).This sensitive, reproducible and accurate method has been used for successful analysis of real samples.     

活性炭分离-桑色素荧光法测定天然水中痕量铍

在溴化十四烷基吡啶存在下,铬天菁S与铍生成三元胶束络合物。在pH10.0氨～氯化铵缓冲介质中,活性炭定量吸附此络合物,用热盐酸洗脱铍,可与其他干扰离子分离,用桑色素荧光法进行测定。该法用于测定美国EPA标准水样和天然水中的痕量铍,结果令人满意。     

Determination of phenyltin compounds by reversed-phase liquid chromatography

An analytical procedure for the determination of phenyltin compounds in environmental sample waters was studied. Chromatography of mono-, di- tri-phenyltin (MPT, DPT and TPT) was performed on a reversed-phase C₁₈ column with the mobile phase comprising methanol/10⁻² M H₃PO₄ (80:20 v/v) at pH 3 and UV detection at 214 nm. To enhance the sensitivity of the detection system, the post-column reaction between morin or 3-hydroxyflavone and phenyltin compounds was formed before fluorescence detection. Several parameters affecting the fluorescence intensity were studied systematically, including the optimum condition for the post-column reagent that was also compatible with the eluent. The parameters concerned in this study were the pH, the percentage of Triton X-100, the ratio of fluorigenic reagent to phenyltin compounds and the amount of methanol in the eluent. Detection limits before the preconcentration process were in the region of 1.5 ppb for TPT and 150–250 ppb for MPT and DPT, respectively. Utilizing solid-phase extraction on a C₁₈ cartridge for sample clean-up as well as preconcentration successfully reduced the detection limit of TPT to the level of ng dm⁻³ and can be applied to seawater analysis. Recovery in the range 95.0–98.0% was obtained by developing the optimum elution profile in the preconcentration step. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Photochemical properties of selected flavonol dyes: Effects on their separation using capillary electrophoresis

Flavonols are naturally occurring dyes that can be extracted from plants. Because of their antioxidant properties, they are thought to have health benefits. In this study, the photochemical degradation properties of selected flavonols were investigated. Dilute solutions of dyes were exposed to light from a broadband visible light source, and the rate of photodegradation was determined by measuring the decrease in fluorescence of the dyes with respect to time. At pH 9.24, the first-order rate constants for 10?µg?mL^?1 solutions of myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, and morin were 0.468, 0.162, 0.108, and 0.126?s^?1, respectively. Interestingly, the stability of these historical dyes was also found to be greatly affected by pH. Awareness of the photochemical properties and stability of flavonol dyes is very important for capillary electrophoresis (CE) separations. Photodegradation of the flavonol dyes under the alkaline conditions (pH 9.2) used in CE can have a profound effect on the reproducibility of repeated separations. Even a modest decrease in pH (pH 8.5) greatly improved the stability of these dyes and enabled the successful separation of these flavonol dyes with minimal degradation over time.     

桑色素对小鼠T细胞增殖、周期和巨噬细胞分泌NO的影响

目的:研究桑色素(morin)对小鼠T细胞增殖、细胞周期和腹腔巨噬细胞分泌一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum,NO)的影响.方法:以佛波醇酯(phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate,PDB)和离子霉素(ionomycin,Ion)联合刺激淋巴结来源的小鼠T淋巴细胞,再以不同终浓度的morin与上述细胞共培养,利用流式细胞术(FCM),以羧基荧光素双醋酸盐琥珀酰脂(carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimide ester,CFDA-SE)染色检测T细胞的增殖;以碘化丙锭(propidiumiodide,PI)染色分析T细胞的细胞周期;脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS)刺激小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,与不同浓度morin共培养,以Griess反应检测上清液中的NO含量.结果:CFDA-SE染色分析显示,PDB Ion组的增殖指数(proliferation index,PI)为1.70±0.05,各浓度的morin对PDB Ion刺激的T细胞增殖,具有明显地抑制作用,以100 μmol/L的morin抑制作用最明显,PI为1.03±0.01(P＜0.01).细胞周期的分析结果表明,morin组中处于S期的细胞比率较高,与PDB Ion组相比有明显差异.Griess反应检测NO含量的结果显示,各浓度组的morin均抑制LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生NO,100 μmol/L的morin可将LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生NO为(12.89±0.11)μmol/L降低为(7.25±0.05)μmol/L,抑制作用最强.结论:Morin可显著抑制PDB Ion刺激的T细胞增殖;其对增殖的抑制作用主要表现为S期的细胞的阻滞;对LPS刺激巨噬细胞产生的NO也有显著的抑制作用.     

铟-桑色素体系吸附溶出伏安法研究

对Ｉｎ（Ⅲ）－桑色素（ｍｏｒｉｎ）配合物在悬汞电极上的吸附伏安特性作了研究,确定了电极过程。在ＣｌＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ底液中,有桑色素存在下,用１．５次微分吸附伏安法测定铟,线性范围和检测下限分别为３．５×１０－１０～１．５×１０－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和５×１０－１１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。用此法测定了氢氧化铝、银粉和铅粉样品中的痕量铟,结果满意。