乳腺癌PKCs表达与其分化程度的相关性

为了研究蛋白激酶C（PKC）和乳腺癌分化及转移的相关性，采用免疫组化SABC方法检测48例人乳腺癌的PKC蛋白表达，包括PKCα、βI、η和ξ等蛋白。结果表明，与分化低的乳腺癌对比，分化高的乳腺癌PKC蛋白表达水平提高。在临床I－II和III级的乳腺癌中，PKCη蛋白表达率分别为61．5％和9．1％，具有显著意义（P＜0．05），PKCξ蛋白表达率分别为92．3％和27．3％，具有极显著意义（P＜0．01）。另外，在乳腺癌未转移的病例中，PKCs蛋白表达水平普遍较高，其中PKCξ与肿转移相关性极显著（P＜0．01）。此外，PKCs蛋白表达水平与肿瘤患者年龄无关。以上结果提示，PKCη和PKCξ有可能作为评价临床乳腺癌分化和转移程度的指标之一。     

MMP-2、MMP-9及其抑制剂在肺癌中的表达与临床意义

目的探讨肺癌组织中MMP2、MMP9及其抑制剂的表达与肺癌的生长、转移等临床特征及预后的关系.方法采用免疫组织化学法SP法检测45例肺癌组织中MMP2、MMP9及其抑制剂的表达,观察它们与肺癌的生长、TMN分期的关系.结果MMP2、MMP9、TIMP1和TIMP2在45例肺癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为57.78%(26/45)、37.78%(17/45)、35.56%(16/45)及51.11%(23/45);它们的表达与肺癌的原发灶范围、淋巴结转移、远处转移、TNM分期及平均生存时间有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论MMP2、MMP9及其抑制剂的表达与肺癌的TNM分期及平均生存时间关系密切,它们在组织中的高表达是判断肺癌预后的独立因素.     

测试稿件刘蔚霞周磊2 冯利2 张平2*

目的：研究益肾骨康方对骨转移癌疼痛大鼠脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质蛋白表达的调控作用。方法：在裸鼠肺腺癌溶骨性骨转移模型的基础上,采用免疫组织化学染色的方法,分别观察各组裸鼠脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质等蛋白的表达。并使用MIA4.0图像分析软件进行图像分析,每张切片取五个视野,显微镜放大倍数为400倍,统计每个高倍镜视野中表达的阳性物质的光密度值。结果：模型组裸鼠发生了100%的骨转移,免疫组织化学结果显示模型组脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质蛋白过表达；而“益肾骨康方”低剂量组与中 西药组裸鼠未发生骨转移,免疫组织化学结果显示GFAP、c-fos、P物质蛋白的表达处于较低的水平(P<0.01)；“益肾骨康方”中、高剂量组裸鼠也发生了骨转移,但是这两组裸鼠脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质蛋白等与疼痛相关的蛋白表达明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。结论：“益肾骨康方”可能通过抑制裸鼠脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质等蛋白的表达,从而抑制肺腺癌细胞的骨侵袭与转移所引起的疼痛,即“益肾骨康方”通过抑制裸鼠脊髓背角GFAP、c-fos、P物质蛋白的表达而起到一定的镇痛作用。     

Synthetic Route to a Benzooxazole Derivative with Heparanase Inhibitory Activity

The synthesis of a benzooxazol-5-yl acetic acid derivative (9) with strong heparanase and angiogenesis inhibitory activity, and thus possible commercial interest, is described in detail.     

骨桥蛋白在卵巢肿瘤组织的表达及其与恶性肿瘤侵袭转移的关系

目的:探讨骨桥蛋白(OPN)在卵巢肿瘤组织的表达及其与恶性肿瘤侵袭转移的关系。方法:采用免疫组织化学方法测定OPN在48例卵巢恶性肿瘤组织、8例卵巢临界恶性肿瘤组织、20例卵巢良性肿瘤组织及10例卵巢正常组织中的表达。结果:OPN在卵巢恶性肿瘤组织表达强度为0.485±0.134,显著高于卵巢正常组织及卵巢临界恶性及良性肿瘤组织表达强度(0.122±0.023,0.243±0.076及0.168±0.045,P<0.01);OPN的表达与恶性肿瘤的临床期别及分化程度相关,而与细胞组织学类型无关。结论:OPN在卵巢肿瘤的发生发展中起重要作用,并与卵巢恶性肿瘤的侵袭转移相关。     

乙酰肝素酶与甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移的相关性研究

【目的】通过研究乙酰肝素酶(HPA)含量与微淋巴管密度的关系,探讨HPA在甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结转移中的作用。【方法】采用Envision免疫组织化学两步法检测150例甲状腺乳头状癌和200例结节性甲状腺肿患者乙酰肝素酶、D2-40的表达情况,计算乙酰肝素酶平均光密度值与D2-40阳性标记的微淋巴管密度,分析乙酰肝素酶含量与微淋巴管密度间的关系,同时与结节性甲状腺肿患者微淋巴管密度和乙酰肝素酶含量分别进行比较。【结果】甲状腺乳头状癌患者微淋巴管密度和乙酰肝素酶含量明显高于结节性甲状腺肿患者(P0.01),癌组织乙酰肝素酶含量与微淋巴管密度呈正相关关系(P0.01)。【结论】甲状腺乳头状癌患者乙酰肝素酶与微淋巴管形成有密切关系,乙酰肝素酶可作为其临床疗效判断和新药研发的参考指标。     

基于免疫磁性纳米球快速高效准确检测淋巴结转移癌细胞

发展了一种基于免疫磁性纳米球(IMNs)快速、高效、准确检测淋巴结转移癌细胞(LNMCCs)的策略.首先利用本课题组发展的方法制备了具有磁性和生物靶向双功能的IMNs,然后利用IMNs通过免疫磁分选对淋巴结转移癌病人淋巴结穿刺物中的LNMCCs进行分离和富集,最后采用瑞氏染色法和免疫细胞化学(ICC)对富集的LNMCCs进行鉴定,实现对LNMCCs的快速高效准确检测.免疫磁分选实现了LNMCCs的分离和富集,可以有效降低淋巴结穿刺物中的背景干扰;瑞氏染色法和ICC鉴定为准确诊断提供了更多可靠依据,因此,传统细胞学敏感性、特异性和诊断准确率不高的问题得到明显改善.其次,淋巴结穿刺物与IMNs的孵育只需5 min,简便快速,完整保留了LNMCCs的形态学特征,为淋巴结转移癌(LNMC)的分类和后续病理学分析提供了重要基础.此外,IMNs对淋巴结穿刺物中上皮来源癌细胞的特异性捕获可以确诊捕获的细胞为LNMCCs,实现了LNMC和恶性淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断.最后,采用本方法检测了110例病人淋巴结穿刺物中的LNMCCs,总诊断准确率高达98.2%,特异性为100.0%,敏感性为98.0%,相比于传统细胞学诊断都有明显的提高.因此,IMNs用于LNMC病人淋巴结穿刺物中LNMCCs的检测是一次新的尝试,为LNMC的诊断和研究提供了新思路.     

Differentiation between intra-axial metastatic tumor progression and radiation injury following fractionated radiation therapy or stereotactic radiosurgery using MR spectroscopy, perfusion MR imaging or volume progression modeling

Objective

To determine the accuracy of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), perfusion MR imaging (MRP), or volume modeling in distinguishing tumor progression from radiation injury following radiotherapy for brain metastasis.

Methods

Twenty-six patients with 33 intra-axial metastatic lesions who underwent MRS (n=41) with or without MRP (n=32) after cranial irradiation were retrospectively studied. The final diagnosis was based on histopathology (n=4) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up with clinical correlation (n=29). Cho/Cr (choline/creatinine), Cho/NAA (choline/N-acetylaspartate), Cho/nCho (choline/contralateral normal brain choline) ratios were retrospectively calculated for the multi-voxel MRS. Relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative peak height (rPH) and percentage of signal-intensity recovery (PSR) were also retrospectively derived for the MRPs. Tumor volumes were determined using manual segmentation method and analyzed using different volume progression modeling. Different ratios or models were tested and plotted on the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), with their performances quantified as area under the ROC curve (AUC). MRI follow-up time was calculated from the date of initial radiotherapy until the last MRI or the last MRI before surgical diagnosis.

Results

Median MRI follow-up was 16 months (range: 2-33). Thirty percent of lesions (n=10) were determined to be radiation injury; 70% (n=23) were determined to be tumor progression. For the MRS, Cho/nCho had the best performance (AUC of 0.612), and Cho/nCho >1.2 had 33% sensitivity and 100% specificity in predicting tumor progression. For the MRP, rCBV had the best performance (AUC of 0.802), and rCBV >2 had 56% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The best volume model was percent increase (AUC of 0.891); 65% tumor volume increase had 100% sensitivity and 80% specificity.

Conclusion

Cho/nCho of MRS, rCBV of MRP, and percent increase of MRI volume modeling provide the best discrimination of intra-axial metastatic tumor progression from radiation injury for their respective modalities. Cho/nCho and rCBV appear to have high specificities but low sensitivities. In contrast, percent volume increase of 65% can be a highly sensitive and moderately specific predictor for tumor progression after radiotherapy. Future incorporation of 65% volume increase as a pretest selection criterion may compensate for the low sensitivities of MRS and MRP.