全文获取类型
收费全文 | 283篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
国内免费 | 18篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 238篇 |
晶体学 | 31篇 |
力学 | 5篇 |
物理学 | 5篇 |
综合类 | 30篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 15篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 4篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 68篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 8篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 13篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 9篇 |
2005年 | 6篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 7篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有309条查询结果,搜索用时 33 毫秒
1.
D. Amutha Rani Y. Yamamoto S. Mohri M. Sivakumar Y. Tsujita H. Yoshimizu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2003,41(3):269-273
In this study, a novel stepwise extraction method has been examined. The guest molecules housed between the helices of the clathrate δ form of syndiotactic polystyrene can be removed completely with this method. A systematic study of the preparation of a solvent‐free mesophase (emptied clathrate) membrane, its helical and residual solvent contents, and its structural transformations has been performed. In this first attempt, an enhancement in the TTGG helical content has been observed in the extracted membrane, and a conceptual mechanism is proposed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 41: 269–273, 2003 相似文献
2.
K. P. O. Mahesh M. Sivakumar Y. Yamamoto Y. Tsujita H. Yoshimizu S. Okamoto 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(18):3439-3446
A crystalline δ form of a syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) membrane was prepared from a solution of sPS (1 wt %) and p‐chlorotoluene (p‐CT) by a solution‐casting method. The mesophase (δ empty form) of sPS was obtained by the extraction of the guest solvent from the δ form of sPS by a stepwise solvent‐extraction method. The sPS/p‐CT mesophase membrane [p‐CT (A‐M)] was used for the sorption of 1 mol % p‐CT for different times and for the sorption of different concentrations of p‐CT, chlorobenzene (CB), p‐xylene (p‐X), toluene, and chloroform for 48 h. The presence of solvents in the sPS membrane was confirmed by IR analysis. A thermal study revealed that the sorption amount of 1 mol % p‐CT increased with increasing immersion time, and the sorption amounts of different solvents increased with increasing solvent concentration. Differential scanning calorimetry results showed that the desorption peak temperature increased as the amount of the solvent increased in the clathrated sPS membrane. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction results showed that 2θ at 8.25° was slightly shifted toward 8°, and there was no change in the peak position at 10° for p‐CT (A‐M), which was immersed in different solvents (1 mol %); however, the intensity of 2θ at 10° was not similar for all the samples. Among the solvents used for the sorption studies at 1 mol %, p‐CT (A‐M) could sorb more p‐CT and CB than p‐X, toluene, and chloroform. The solvent sorption isotherm was the Langmuir sorption mechanism. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3439–3446, 2004 相似文献
3.
S. Mohri D. Amutha Rani Y. Yamamoto Y. Tsujita H. Yoshimizu 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(2):238-245
Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) has various crystalline forms such as α, β, γ, and δ forms, and a mesophase depending on the preparation method. In this study, we focused on the mesophase with the molecular cavity of sPS, which is obtained by step‐wise extraction of the guest molecules from the sPS δ form. To prepare the mesophase containing different shapes and sizes of the cavity, two kinds of the sPS δ form membrane cast from either toluene or chloroform solution were first prepared and then the guest molecules were removed by a step‐wise extraction method using acetone and methanol. We could succeed in the preparation of two kinds of mesophase with different shapes and sizes of the molecular cavity. Either toluene or chloroform vapor sorption to the sPS mesophase membranes was examined at 25 °C. Sorption analysis indicates that the mesophase with large molecular cavities can mainly sorb large molecules; on the other hand, the mesophase with small cavities can sorb only the small molecules, and is unable to sorb a large amount of large molecule because the cavity was too small to sorb the large molecules. Therefore, the sPS mesophase membrane has sorption selectivity based on the size of the molecular cavity. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 238–245, 2004 相似文献
4.
Liquid crystalline ionomers containing sulfonate groups on the terminal unit of the chain were synthesized by an interfacial condensation reaction of 4,4′-dihydroxy-α,α′-dimethyl benzalazine, the monofunctional dye fast yellow (FY), and a 50/50 mixture of sebacoyl and dodecanedioyl dichlorides. The weight-average molecular weights were estimated from inherent viscosity measurements to be between 6000–11,000 and the sodium sulfonate concentrations ranged from 0–18.4 meq/100 g polymer. Elemental analyses, however, indicated much higher molecular weights, which suggested that there was a distribution of chains with one, two, or no FY endgroups. The polymers were semicrystalline and melted at ca. 140°C to form nematic mesophases that were stable over a temperature range of ca. 80°C. They were thermally stable to about 350°C. The ionomeric nature of the polymers was confirmed by the presence of intermolecular associations in nonpolar solvents, as demonstrated by dilute solution viscosity measurements. 相似文献
5.
Synthesis and characterization of segmented liquid crystal poly(azoxy polyester-co-polyoxypropylene)
Jaine-Ming Huang Jen-Feng Kuo Chuh-Yung Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1995,33(1):165-173
In this study a series of a segmented copolyester, poly(4,4′-dioxy-2,2′-dimethyl-azoxybenzene dodecanedioyl) (PMABD)-co-polyoxypropylene 400 (POP), was prepared. The chain length of PMABD studied (n) was varied from 7.8-18.2, and that of POP was unchanged. The intrinsic viscosity of the segmented copolyesters was 1.04-1.30, and the number average molecular weight obtained was 2.53 × 104?3.49 × 104 g/mol. The mesophase texture and thermal properties of the segmented copolyesters were measured as functions of n. It was found that the insert of flexible POP between those liquid crystalline domains of PMABD did affect thermotropic properties of PMABD. As the n value was 9.0 and 7.8 (or 7.4 and 8.6% by weight POP) the texture appeared as cholesteric-like oily streaks. The effect could not be attained by simply copolymerizing a mesogenic moiety with a pair of spacers of different lengths. The fluidity and domain structure of the flexible dodecanedioyl-POP-dodcanedioyl segments are taken into account for the obtained results. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
6.
7.
The history and present state of the art in the chemistry of mesophase pitch, which is an important precursor for carbon fiber and other high-performance industrial carbons, are reviewed relative to their structural properties. The structural concepts in both microscopic and macroscopic views are summarized in terms of the sp(2) carbon hexagonal plane as a basic unit common to graphitic materials, its planar stacking in clusters, and cluster assembly into microdomains and domains, the latter of which reflect the isochromatic unit of optical anisotropy. Such a series of structural units is described in a semiquantitative manner corresponding to the same units of graphitic materials, although the size and stacking height of the hexagonal planes (graphitic sheets) are very different. Mesophase pitch is a liquid crystal material whose basic structural concepts are maintained in the temperature range of 250 to 350 degrees C. The melt flow and thermal properties are related to its micro- and mesoscopic structure. The structure of mesophase-pitch-based carbon fiber of high tensile strength, modulus, and thermal conductivity has been formed through spinning, and has inherited the same structural concepts of mesophase pitch. Stabilization settles the structure in successive heat treatments up to 3000 degrees C. Carbonization and graphitization enable growth of the hexagonal planes and their stacking into units of graphite. Such growth is governed and controlled by the alignment of micro- and mesoscopic structures in the mesophase pitch, which define the derived carbon materials as nanostructural materials. Their properties are controlled by the nanoscopic units that are expected to behave as nanomaterials when appropriately isolated or handled. 相似文献
8.
以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为结构导向剂,通过水热法合成了具有立方结构的含钕Nd-MCM-48介孔分子筛材料。XRD和TEM测试表明当nNd/nSi<0.05时可以获得典型的长程有序介孔立方结构相,随nNd/nSi比的增加,晶胞参数的增大和红外吸收光谱(FT-IR)的变化为Nd进入介孔分子筛骨架中提供了有力证据。N2吸附-脱附实验给出了其BET表面积为1 195 m2·g-1,BJH平均孔径为3.6 nm。紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)证明钕氧形成一种八面体结构。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)进一步证明钕主要以三价形式存在于立方介孔分子筛骨架中。 相似文献
9.
Transmission electron microscopy of freeze fractured and replicated samples (TEM) and polarizing light microscopy (PLM) are
used to investigate the defect structures of the thermotropic and lyotropic mesophases of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory
drug fenoprofen sodium and of the thermotropic mesophase of the nonionic surfactant sucrose oleate (O1570). All mesophases
have a layered, smectic structure. The thermotropic liquid crystal of feno-profen sodium is an interdigitated smectic A phase
(smectic Ad) having the highest viscosity of the investigated samples. The thermotropic mesophase of the sugar ester is also
of the type smectic A, likely to be of subtype smectic A2 (bilayered smectic structure). The lyotropic mesophase is of lamellar
liquid crystalline nature and has a much lower viscosity than the thermotropic mesophases. In the PLM the lyotropic fenoprofen
mesophase has a strong tendency to form a pseudoisotropic texture, indicating a strong tendency to form undisturbed layered
structures. Other textures exhibited in the PLM are fan-shaped texture and maltese-cross texture. Confocal domains, cylinders,
pits and peaks as well as screw dislocations are found in great number in the TEM. However, no greater regions of undisturbed
lamellar arrangement in the lyotropic mesophase could be detected. The only texture of the thermotropic fenoprofen mesophase
visible in the PLM is the fan-shaped texture, indicating confocal domains as predominant structural elements. However, no
confocal domains (tori or Dupin cyclides) are found in the TEM. In the PLM the sugar–ester mesophase exhibited a fan-shaped
texture, maltese crosses and oily streaks as dominant textures. In the TEM only a few +π and −π disclinations and imperfect
confocal domains could be detected. The discrepancies in the appearance of defect structures and textures between the mesophases
as well as the discrepancies in the findings in the PLM and in the TEM investigations are caused by the different sample preparation
and the different viscosities of the mesophases.
Received: 28 May 1997 Accepted: 2 September 1997 相似文献
10.
The kinetics of mesophase formation of a lyotropic aromatic polyamide from isotropic state has been studied by means of depolarized light intensity. Avrami type analysis of the data gives an exponent close to 1, which suggests the nucleation followed by one-dimensional growth. No influence of blending flexible chain from nylon 6 to the aromatic polyamide on the kinetics of mesophase formation was observed. 相似文献