黎族妇女月经初潮和绝经年龄调查

调查了816例14-48岁黎族妇女月经初潮及94例49-60岁黎族妇女绝经年龄情况.黎族妇女平均月经初潮年龄为（15.01±1.51）岁,平均绝经年龄为（48.23±2.34）岁.其中＜21岁年龄组平均初潮年龄为（14.02±1.08）岁,＞40岁组平均初潮年龄为（15.57±1.65）岁.黎族妇女月经初潮年龄不断提前,月经初潮年龄的迟早与营养、体质、社会环境等有关.     

更年期抑郁症患者性激素水平与认知功能的关系

为了探讨更年期抑郁症患者性激素水平与认知功能的关系,以更年期抑郁症女性患者作为病例组、正常更年期女性作为对照组,进行性激素水平测试、CogState量表认知水平评定、汉密尔顿抑郁量表等资料统计.通过比较两组激素水平发现,雌二醇无统计学差异,病例组的促黄体生成素和促卵泡生成激素水平显著低于对照组.对于两组CogState...     

Novel Evidence-Based Combination of Plant Extracts with Multitarget Mechanisms of Action for the Elimination of Hot Flashes during Menopause

Hot flashes are considered the most bothersome complaint during menopause. Although hormone therapy is an effective option to relieve hot flashes, it has been associated with significant side effects. The aim of our study is to suggest a novel combination of different plant extracts with distinct mechanisms of action against hot flashes. We selected the rhizome of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (Fabaceae), the rhizome of Actaea racemosa L. (Ranunculaceae), the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) to produce extracts rich in bioactive phytochemicals and the seed oil of Oenothera biennis L. (Onagraceae). We investigated their estrogenic and antioxidant potential and their inhibitory effect against prostaglandin D2 receptor 1 (DP1) as a novel mechanistic pathway for vasodilation in hot flashes, alone or in combination. The phytochemical footprint of the extracts was analyzed using HPLC-PDA and UPLC-HRMS. We observed that the tested extracts possess different mechanisms of action. A. racemosa exerts a beneficial activation of the estrogen receptor, H. perforatum possesses the highest antioxidant capacity and the seed oil of O. biennis inhibits the DP1 receptor. The triple combination in the optimal doses pertains to efficacy against all three mechanisms of action, serves as a multitarget plant-based therapy and could serve as a novel strategy for the alleviation of hot flashes in postmenopausal women.     

Resveratrol Effects on the Reproductive System in Ovariectomized Rats: Deciphering Possible Mechanisms

Phytoestrogen resveratrol (R) has been demonstrated to benefit human reproductive health. However, R bioavailability and pharmacokinetics are still problematic under oral supplementation. We used an experimental vaginal gel with R and hyaluronic acid (HA) to improve bioavailability and pharmacokinetic properties. The study aimed to assess the impact of vaginal R-HA gel on the reproductive system in ovariectomized rats. Methods: The study was carried out on Wistar female rats. It investigated the body weight, tail temperature, vaginal pH, estrogen and progesterone blood levels, and immunohistochemical biomarkers (COX2, Casp-3, Bcl-2, and VEGF). Animals were divided into control animals; ovariectomized rats (OVX); and OVX group treated with vaginal 0.5% R-HA gel (0.5%, 0.1 mL, daily 28 days). Results: The R-HA gel’s therapeutic effect was manifested by slowing weight gain by 17% (p < 0.001), less pronounced symptom of fever at the root of the tail by 9% (p < 0.001) and lowering the vaginal pH to 4.4–4.5 compared with OVX rats. The anti-inflammatory effect and the reduction of COX-2 expression in vagina were accompanied by antiapoptotic impact of RA-H on endometrium, associated with the decreased Casp-3 expression (p < 0.001) and elevated Bcl-2 score in endometrial glands (p = 0.01). Together with enhanced VEGF expression in endometrial glands (p < 0.001) and stromal cells (p = 0.007), these changes prevented endometrial atrophy (p < 0.001) after ovariectomy. Thus, this study substantiates the feasibility of developing an innovative topical drug with R and HA for treating hypoestrogenic disorders.     

抗阻练习与更年期女性健康研究

女性进入更年期后，机体会出现肌肉减少症、骨质疏松症等一系列退行性问题．在借鉴国外已有研究成果的基础上，通过文献资料调研和逻辑分析等研究方法，探讨对抗机体退化的有效措施．结果表明，激素替代疗法可显著降低骨质疏松症，不过其在防止肌肉减少症方面的有效性尚存在争论，同时伴随激素替代疗法还会出现许多副作用．认为有规律的抗阻练习能显著提高更年期女性肌肉力量和骨骼内矿物质密度，可有效对抗肌肉减少症和骨质疏松症并且没有药理学方面的负面影响．同时，更年期阶段由于肌肉减少症和骨质疏松症导致的机体疼痛会引起情绪低落、沮丧等状况，在这一阶段进行抗阻练习可通过减少疼痛、改进健康程度、提高自信心等来提高生活质量．     

浅析102例绝经后阴道出血

目的探讨绝经后阴道出血的原因以及与恶性肿瘤的关系。方法对102例生理性绝经1年以上的阴道出血病人,行宫颈刮片脱落细胞检查、宫颈活检、子宫内膜诊刮活检。分析阴道出血的原因以及与恶性肿瘤的关系。结果生殖器炎症占47.05%,功能性子宫出血占27.45%,恶性肿瘤占10.28%,其他良性病变14.71%。结论引起绝经后阴道出血最多的原因是生殖器炎症,绝经时间越长的阴道出血恶性肿瘤的发病率明显增多。     

长沙地区女教工更年期健康与营养状况分析研究

对长沙市部分学校 64例女教工更年期健康与营养状况进行调查分析的结果显示 :学校女教工更年期综合症的发病率为 81 2 % ,其中以神经症状为主 ;膳食调查结果显示 :女教工更年期普遍存在钙、锌及维生素B族摄入不足的问题 ,其中能量摄入量占RDA (recommededdietaryallowance)的81 7% ,钙摄入量占RDA的 61 4% ,锌摄入量占RDA的 61 3% ,硒摄入量占RDA的 72 8% ,VA、VB1 、VB2 的摄入量分别占RDA的 70 %、 70 8%、 65%。分析了缺乏这些营养素对妇女更年期健康的影响 ,提出了合理的膳食营养措施     

补肾活血方对更年期大鼠FSH的影响

目的　研究补肾活血方治疗更年期综合症的作用机制。方法　采用雌性SD大鼠更年期模型,观察补肾活血方对更年期SD大鼠子宫重量指数、阴道涂片的影响以及对更年期SD大鼠血清卵泡刺激素(FSH)含量的影响。结果　(1 )子宫重量指数与补肾活血方的剂量呈依赖性增加。(2 )更年期SD大鼠阴道上皮细胞出现不同程度的角化现象。(3)补肾活血方能明显降低更年期SD大鼠血清FSH的含量。结论　补肾活血方能降低更年期大鼠血清FSH的含量,有效改善更年期综合症。     

高校知识分子冠心病防治的探讨

经统计学处理我院1985年434例知识分子体检的血脂测定资料,发现高脂血症检出率的峰值在更年期,认为高校医院应把更年期年龄组知识分子作为重点血脂监测对象。研究临床病例,探讨了低振幅双峰 T 波的临床意义,首次提出静息 ECG(心电图)中,未低于1/10 R 的低振幅双峰 T 波应视为早期慢性冠状动脉供血不足。总结以往 AMI(急性心肌梗塞)的急救教训,提出加强 AMI 的院外抢救和自救措施宣教,以降低 AMI 的院外死亡率。     

Herbal Products Used in Menopause and for Gynecological Disorders

Herbal products are often used as an alternative to pharmacological therapy. Menopausal symptoms and gynecological disorders (such as premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea) are the indications where pharmacological therapy may have serious adverse events, hence many women prefer to use herbal products to help with these symptoms. Here, we reviewed plants and derived products, which are commonly used for the abovementioned indications, focusing on clinical data, safely profile and whether or not their use is justified. We noted that limited data are available on the use of some plants for alleviating the symptoms of menopause and gynecological disorders. While black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemose) and red clover (Trifolium pretense) were consistently shown to help reduce menopausal symptoms in clinical studies, currently available data do not fully support the use of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), hops (Humulus lupulus), valerian (Valeriana officinalis), and soybean (Glycine max and Glycine soja) for this indication. For premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder, chaste tree (Vitex agnus-castus) shows effectiveness, but more clinical studies are needed to confirm such effect upon the use of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis).