从芒果皮中提取果胶的工艺研究

果胶是一种大分子多糖类物质 ,具有良好的胶凝作用 ,用途广泛 ,在国内外市场上的销量很好。 1 990年世界上果胶总产量约 2 5 0 0 0吨 ,而我国 1 990年仅在食品工业上消耗的果胶就达 1 0 0 0吨 ,但国内市场上销售的果胶大部分为进口货[1] 。果胶在我国的生产仍处于开发阶段 ,所以发掘新的提取资源、提高果胶质量、降低果胶生产成本的意义十分重大。目前 ,已有以柑桔皮、向日葵盘、苹果皮、香蕉皮、马铃薯渣为原料提取果胶的研究报道 ,如何从芒果皮中提取果胶却未见报道。芒果在制造罐头和饮料中副产大量下脚料———芒果皮 ,未能得到充分利用…     

The Protection of Lactic Acid Bacteria Fermented-Mango Peel against Neuronal Damage Induced by Amyloid-Beta

Mango peels are usually discarded as waste; however, they contain phytochemicals and could provide functional properties to food and promote human health. This study aimed to determine the optimal lactic acid bacteria for fermentation of mango peel and evaluate the effect of mango peel on neuronal protection in Neuron-2A cells against amyloid beta (Aβ) treatment (50 μM). Mango peel can be fermented by different lactic acid bacteria species. Lactobacillus acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel produced the highest concentration of lactic acid bacteria (exceeding 10⁸ CFU/mL). Mango peel and fermented mango peel extracts upregulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression for 1.74-fold in Neuron-2A cells. Furthermore, mango peel fermented products attenuated oxidative stress in Aβ-treated neural cells by 27%. Extracts of L. acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel treatment decreased Aβ accumulation and attenuated the increase of subG1 caused by Aβ induction in Neuron-2A cells. In conclusion, L. acidophilus (BCRC14079)-fermented mango peel acts as a novel neuronal protective product by inhibiting oxidative stress and increasing BDNF expression in neural cells.     

Comparison of the Effect of Hydrostatic and Dynamic High Pressure Processing on the Enzymatic Activity and Physicochemical Quality Attributes of ‘Ataulfo’ Mango Nectar

The effects of hydrostatic (HHP) and dynamic (HPH) high-pressure treatments on the activity of pectin methylesterase (PME) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) as well as the physicochemical quality attributes of ‘Ataulfo’ mango nectar were assessed. HHP reduced PME relative activity by 28% at 100 MPa for 5 min but increased PPO activity almost five-fold. Contrarily, HPH did not affect PME activity, but PPO was effectively reduced to 10% of residual activity at 300 MPa and at three passes. Color parameters (CIEL*a*b*), °hue, and chroma were differently affected by each type of high-pressure processing technology. The viscosity and fluid behavior were not affected by HHP, however, HPH changed the apparent viscosity at low dynamic pressure levels (100 MPa with one and three passes). The viscosity decreased at high shear rates in nectar samples, showing a shear-thinning effect. The results highlight how different effects can be achieved with each high-pressure technology; thus, selecting the most appropriate system for processing and preserving liquid foods like fruit beverages is recommended.     

芒果贮藏性初探

以干旱雷州半岛西海岸和多雨湛江市郊两地的芒果产品进行贮藏试验，发现干旱地区芒果的生理生化的变化和降解比雨多地区的缓慢，前者发病率低和贮藏寿命较长．初步认为开花至收获期间干旱是主要因素．     

云南怒江地区芒果香味的分析

用ＧＣ／ＭＳ方法分析测定了采自云南怒江农场的芒果属（ＭａｎｇｉｆｅｒａＬ）的３个品种三年芒、吕宋芒和马切苏芒的主要香味物质。每个品种的香味成分均在２０个以上。对主要成分进行了半定量计算,结果表明三年芒主要含有异松油烯、γ－羟辛酸内酯、３,７－二甲基－１,３,６－辛三烯、γ－羟己酸内酯、石竹烯、２,６－二叔丁基－４－甲基苯酚;吕宋芒主要含α－蒎烯、蒈烯、２,６－二叔丁基－４－甲基苯酚、石竹烯、γ－羟己酸内酯。     

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seed Kernels and Their Application as an Antioxidant in an Edible Oil

Phenolic compounds from mango (M. indica) seed kernels (MSK) var. Sugar were obtained using supercritical CO₂ and EtOH as an extraction solvent. For this purpose, a central composite design was carried out to evaluate the effect of extraction pressure (11–21 MPa), temperature (40–60 °C), and co-solvent contribution (5–15% w/w EtOH) on (i) extraction yield, (ii) oxidative stability (OS) of sunflower edible oil (SEO) with added extract using the Rancimat method, (iii) total phenolics content, (iv) total flavonoids content, and (v) DPPH radical assay. The most influential variable of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) process was the concentration of the co-solvent. The best OS of SEO was reached with the extract obtained at 21.0 MPa, 60 °C and 15% EtOH. Under these conditions, the extract increased the OS of SEO by up to 6.1 ± 0.2 h (OS of SEO without antioxidant, Control, was 3.5 h). The composition of the extract influenced the oxidative stability of the sunflower edible oil. By SFE it was possible to obtain extracts from mango seed kernels (MSK) var. Sugar that transfer OS to the SEO. These promissory extracts could be applied to foods and other products.     

模拟运输时间对芒果低温贮藏过程中生理与品质的影响

为探究不同运输时间对芒果后期低温贮藏过程中生理与品质的影响,依托振动台对芒果在转速180r/min下分别进行12、24、36h的模拟运输实验,研究运输后芒果在13℃下贮藏20d的过程中,水分分布、自由水含量、失重率、可滴定酸含量、维生素C含量、呼吸强度、果胶酯酶(PME)含量、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)含量的变化。结果表明,运输振动使芒果出现了不同程度的瘀伤现象,加速了芒果水分的流失,显著提高了失水率和呼吸峰值,PME和PG含量保持在较高水平,可滴定酸与维生素C损失更多。模拟运输时间越长,对芒果生理与品质的影响也越大。运输中的振动会使芒果代谢加快,加速贮藏过程的品质下降,模拟运输时间24h及以下的运输组对芒果的损伤在可接受范围,而36h运输组则对芒果产生了更多的不可逆伤害。     

海南芒果业现状、存在问题与对策

在调查研究的基础上,论述了海南芒果业发展的现状和存在的问题,并提出今后应以优良品种为基础,科技为动力,高产、优质、高效为目标,改造和提高低产芒果园为中心,完善不同优良品种规范化栽培的技术措施,尽快攻破保鲜、贮运、加工难关,走集约化和产业化之路,努力降低生产成本,增强市场竞争能力,确保芒果业持续稳定发展．     

试论广西发展3种南亚热带名特优水果的生态条件与布局

在分析广西南亚热带地区的名特优水果：龙眼、荔枝果树的主要气候生态特性的基础上，做出生产布局区划。并就这些名优水果在广西可持续发展问题提出若干战略措施。     

攀枝花芒果中微量硒的测定

利用AFS-203E原子荧光分光光度计，找出测定硒的最佳消解条件，并测定了攀枝花市盐边县吉禄、瓦橙、金白花、凯特4种芒果中硒的含量．得出了攀枝花市盐边县的4种芒果是天然的富硒水果的结论．为人们科学补硒提供了依据．