原子力显微术对人体腰椎间盘组织超微结构的研究

报道了采用原子力显微镜对腰椎间盘组织成分的观察结果，并对胶原组织从结构上进行了分类，为深入到生物分子层次的研究提供了非常有意义的依据。     

硬膜外麻醉下推拿治疗腰椎间盘突出症

对河北师范大学校医院１９９２－１９９５年６月收治的４６例腰椎间盘突出症病人，应用硬膜外麻醉下手法按摩治疗，取得显著疗效，治愈率为９３．６％，显效率为９７．８％，此疗法操作简单，效果好且见效快。     

DCE-MRI参数联合IFIT1基因对腰椎间盘突出患者椎间盘退变程度的评估价值

探讨DCE-MRI参数及IFIT1基因对腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者椎间盘退变(IDD)程度的评估价值。随机选取确诊的66例LDH患者作为研究对象,根据改良Pfirrmann分级法将患者分为2组:轻中度IDD(Ⅰ~Ⅲ级)组(46例)和重度IDD(Ⅳ~Ⅴ级)组20例。通过DCE-MRI检查考察患者的K-trans值,采用日本骨科学会评分(JOA)评估腰椎功能,采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估腰部疼痛,采用RT-PCR检测外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)中IFIT1的mRNA表达。轻中度IDD组的K-trans值显著低于重度IDD组。轻中度IDD组患者PBMC中的IFIT1 mRNA相对表达量显著低于重度IDD组。K-trans值与PBMC中的IFIT1 mRNA水平和VAS评分正相关,与JOA评分负相关(P<0.05)。PBMC中的IFIT1 mRNA水平与VAS评分正相关,与JOA评分负相关(P<0.05)。K-trans值和PBMC中的IFIT1 mRNA水平联合诊断重度IDD的AUC值、敏感性和特异性分别为0.991、91.3%和100.0%,AUC值和特异性均高于单独诊断。DCE-MRI检查中的K-trans值联合PBMC中的IFIT1 mRNA水平可用于LDH患者IDD程度的诊断。     

CT检查参数对腰椎管狭窄症的诊断价值及与疗效、腰椎功能改善的相关性分析

选取我院60例腰椎管狭窄症(LSS)患者作为研究组,同期健康者60例作为对照组,探究CT检查参数对LSS的诊断价值及与疗效、腰椎功能改善的相关性。结果显示,研究组椎管面积、硬膜囊面积、椎管矢径、椎管横径、侧隐窝矢径、侧隐窝角小于对照组(P<0.05);CT各参数联合诊断LSS的AUC值大于任一参数单独诊断;疗效优良患者术后3个月椎管面积、硬膜囊面积、椎管矢径、侧隐窝矢径、侧隐窝角大于治疗前及非优良患者(P<0.05);经偏相关性分析发现,CT检查参数与疗效显著相关(P<0.05)。说明LSS疗效、腰椎功能改善情况与椎管面积、硬膜囊面积、椎管矢径等关系密切,CT检查对指导临床完善手术方案有重要意义。     

急性等容性血液稀释在脊柱手术中对血小板功能的影响

目的探讨急性等容性血液稀释（ANH）在脊柱手术中对患者血小板功能的影响。方法择期全麻下行脊柱手术患者20例,术前行颈内静脉穿刺采自体血,同时于外周静脉输入等量的胶体液（万汶）,术中连续监测HR,SPO2,Bp及尿量变化,分别于采血前（T0）,采血后15 min（T1）,输血前（T2）,输血后15 min（T3）,抽取桡动脉血查HB,HCT,LAC,并采用Sonoclot分析仪测定激活凝血酶原时间（ACT）,凝血速率（CR）,血小板功能（PF）。记录术中晶胶体液输入量,出血量和尿量。结果与T0相比,T1的HB,HCT显著下降（P〈0.01）,CR、PF显著下降（P〈0.01）,与T2相比,T3的HB,HCT显著回升,CR、PF显著升高（P〈0.01）,LAC,ACT变化无统计学意义。结论急性等容性血液稀释对脊柱手术患者血小板功能有一定的保护作用,对凝血功能无明显不良影响。     

椎弓根钉系统复位固定椎间融合治疗11例多节段腰椎滑脱

目的:探讨椎弓根钉系统复位固定椎间植骨融合治疗多节段腰椎滑脱的临床价值和相关问题。方法:11例多节段腰椎滑脱患者,男6例,女5例,年龄43~58岁,平均52.5岁,均为L4、5椎体滑脱,采用后路椎弓根螺钉系统复位固定,椎管减压,神经根松解,椎间植骨融合手术。术前、术后行腰腿痛视觉模拟评分(VAS),使用Os-westry功能障碍指数(OD I)问卷调查表评价临床功能恢复情况,并通过影像学检查观察滑脱恢复情况、椎间孔高度、植骨融合情况综合评价临床疗效。结果:11例患者均获随访,随访时间1~5年,平均3年2个月,VAS评分术后(1.0±1.0)分及末次随访(1.0±0.5)分,较术前(8.0±1.5)分均有显著性差异(P<0.005);OD I术后(22.13±13.40)及末次随访(20.31±13.27),较术前(64.80±15.68)均有显著差异(P<0.005)。术后椎间隙、椎间孔高度术后较术前明显增高,无内固定松动或断钉断棒;所有病例复位满意,所有患者植骨融合良好,无假关节形成。结论:后路椎弓根钉系统复位固定,椎管减压,神经根松解,椎间植骨融合治疗多节段腰椎滑脱效果满意,该术式具有复位良好,固定牢靠,...     

我国优秀沙滩排球运动员脊柱腰段损伤与气质类型之间关系的研究

运用文献资料、调查访问等研究方法,对我国优秀排球运动员脊柱腰段损伤的现状进行调查分析,探讨优秀沙滩排球运动员脊柱腰段损伤与运动员气质类型之间的关系.结果显示:目前我国优秀沙滩排球运动员脊柱腰段损伤几乎达到84.0 %,造成损伤的原因是复杂的、多方面的.无论在损伤人数,还是在损伤程度,胆汁质的运动员都高于多血质的运动员且远远高于粘液质的运动员.因此,了解每一个运动员的气质类型,有助于运动员的选材、训练、管理和预防运动损伤.     

Cascaded quasi-zero stiffness nonlinear low-frequency vibration isolator inspired by human spine

Human motion induced vibration has very low frequency, ranging from 2 Hz to 5 Hz. Traditional vibration isolators are not effective in low-frequency regions due to the trade-off between the low natural frequency and the high load capacity. In this paper, inspired by the human spine, we propose a novel bionic human spine inspired quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) vibration isolator which consists of a cascaded multi-stage negative stiffness structure. The force and stiffness characteristics are investigated first, the dynamic model is established by Newton’s second law, and the isolation performance is analyzed by the harmonic balance method (HBM). Numerical results show that the bionic isolator can obtain better low-frequency isolation performance by increasing the number of negative structure stages, and reducing the damping values and external force values can obtain better low-frequency isolation performance. In comparison with the linear structure and existing traditional QZS isolator, the bionic spine isolator has better vibration isolation performance in low-frequency regions. It paves the way for the design of bionic ultra-low-frequency isolators and shows potential in many engineering applications.

     

Reduced field-of-view DTI segmentation of cervical spine tissue

The number of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies regarding the human spine has considerably increased and it is challenging because of the spine’s small size and artifacts associated with the most commonly used clinical imaging method. A novel segmentation method based on the reduced field-of-view (rFOV) DTI dataset is presented in cervical spinal canal cerebrospinal fluid, spinal cord grey matter and white matter classification in both healthy volunteers and patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Due to each channel based on high resolution rFOV DTI images providing complementary information on spinal tissue segmentation, we want to choose a different contribution map from multiple channel images. Via principal component analysis (PCA) and a hybrid diffusion filter with a continuous switch applied on fourteen channel features, eigen maps can be obtained and used for tissue segmentation based on the Bayesian discrimination method. Relative to segmentation by a pair of expert readers, all of the automated segmentation results in the experiment fall in the good segmentation area and performed well, giving an average segmentation accuracy of about 0.852 for cervical spinal cord grey matter in terms of volume overlap. Furthermore, this has important applications in defining more accurate human spinal cord tissue maps when fusing structural data with diffusion data. rFOV DTI and the proposed automatic segmentation outperform traditional manual segmentation methods in classifying MR cervical spinal images and might be potentially helpful for detecting cervical spine diseases in NMO and MS.