CO2跨临界循环系统润滑油分析

为保证CO2跨临界循环系统的稳定运行，选择与之相适应的润滑油，在分析摩擦润滑特性的基础上，采用实验数据对比的方法，对POE、PAG、PAO和烷基芳香烃4类合成润滑油在CO2跨临界循环系统中的混合性、流动性、可溶性、黏度、长期稳定性及润滑性等性能进行了分析，结果表明POE类润滑油是CO2跨临界循环系统的一种相对较好的选择。     

纳米核壳式铜-锡双金属粉的制备及性能研究

A kind of novel core-shell Cu-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles has been prepared by a new method (displacement method), in which Sn was made to cover on the surface of Cu nano-core. The preparation method and reaction mechanism have been discussed. This reaction happened under the existence of coordinate agent-(NH₂)₂CS and protective agent PVP. The nanoparticles prepared were with a core-shell structure, granule diameter between 50～100 nm and good dispersing capability. The Cu-Sn nanoparticles proposed has better oxidation-resistant ability than Cu nanoparticles with corresponding granule diameter and can be applied as lubricant additives as well as antibacterial agent. When the additive amount is very low (0.1wt‰～0.5wt‰), it can improve the P_B of the lubricant by 92%～106%, and also enhance its antiwear characteristics and friction-reducing properties. At the concentration of 1 000 ppm, it can reach an antibacterial ratio of 99.99%.     

B_4C在铁基摩擦材料中的作用及机理

通过X射线衍射相分析、光电子谱分析及金相分析等手段，对B4C在铁基摩擦材料中的作用及机理进行了研究，结果表明，B4C在铁基摩擦材料加压烧结过程中能与铁发生反应，生成一种新相Fe2B．在摩擦磨损过程中，加入的B4C并没有直接起到摩擦组元的作用，而是通过生成的Fe2B起作用．在一般负荷工作条件下，Fe2B主要起摩擦组元的作用；在重负荷工作条件下，Fe－Fe2B共晶体起润滑组元的作用．     

溶剂－油，溶剂－蜡汽液平衡的连续热力学研究

应用连续热力学方法，对实验测定的甲乙酮－蜡、苯－蜡、甲苯－蜡、丙酮－调合油、甲乙酮－调合油、苯－调合油、甲苯－调合油７个系统在常压下的汽液平衡数据进行了关联。将连续组分的密度分布函数Ｆ（Ｉ）分别用Γ函数和样条函数，并假定连续组分（油或蜡）间的相互作用参数、离散组分（溶剂）与连续组分之间的相互作用参数为常数，取得了满意的结果。并将该法与虚拟组分法进行比较，结果表明，连续热力学方法具有计算准确度高，计算效率高的优点，是一种值得推荐的好方法。     

含油制冷剂在小管径换热管内流动沸腾换热特性实验研究

对含油制冷剂在6.34和2.50 mm换热管内的流动沸腾换热特性进行了实验研究,测试质量流率为200~400 kg/(m2.s),热流密度为3.2~14 kW/m2,蒸发温度为5°C,进口干度为0.1~0.8,干度变化0.1~0.2,平均油质量分数为0~0.05.定量分析了不同质量流率和干度时,润滑油对制冷剂在小管径换热管内流动沸腾换热的影响.与大管径换热管相比,油的换热增强效果在小管径换热管内减弱甚至消失,在高干度和高油浓度区,油的存在使换热严重恶化.对于上述换热管,换热系数、油影响因子以及基于制冷剂物性的两相换热增强因子随油浓度的变化规律缺乏一致性.采用局部油浓度下的制冷剂-润滑油混合物性计算得到的两相换热增强因子能较好地反映润滑油对制冷剂流动沸腾换热的影响.     

润滑油生物降解性评定技术及其基础油的降解性

为解决车用润滑油的污染问题,参照欧洲CEC标准创建了适于国情的润滑油生物降解性试验方法以及读方法采用的菌种．以读方法考察了润滑油基础油的降解性能和不同类基础油生物降解过程的变化规律．结果表明：合成酯的化学结构更容易转化成脂肪酸,故生物降解率高于矿物油和PAO(聚α-烯烃)；同一类型的基础油随油品黏度的增大,降解性能下降．这些研究为评价润滑油对环境的影响及开发可降解型润滑油创造了条件．     

C/SiC复合材料摩擦性能及储油性能分析

复合材料因性能独特而备受关注,但其自身结构复杂且受到诸多因素的影响,因而对其摩擦学性能的研究仍有待进一步加强。为了对比不同摩擦配副对C/SiC复合材料摩擦性能及储油性能的影响,以C/SiC复合材料为研究对象,运用销盘摩擦学试验方法,研究了C/SiC复合材料与45#钢以及C/SiC复合材料与ZrO₂材料摩擦配副的摩擦学性能,采用三维形貌仪等仪器对C/SiC复合材料摩擦后的表面进行表征分析,研究其摩擦后的表面质量及其储油性能。结果表明,C/SiC复合材料与45#钢磨损剧烈,摩擦后表面储油性能严重下降;其与ZrO₂对磨则摩擦系数较低,磨损量较小,摩擦后的表面仍保持了较好的承载性能及储油性能,是一种良好的摩擦配副。研究结果为拓展C/SiC复合材料的应用及揭示其摩擦学特性提供了有力支撑。     

A Review on Effects of Lubricant Formulations on Tribological Performance and Boundary Lubrication Mechanisms of Non-Doped DLC/DLC Contacts

Tribological efficiency of industrial applications involving boundary lubrication regime can be improved to an appreciable extent by the deposition of hard coatings on interacting surfaces. Among such coatings, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings are considered to be one of the most suitable ones for the said role. DLC coatings possess a unique combination of physical, chemical, and material properties due to which they can help in minimizing friction-induced energy and material losses even under starved lubrication conditions. Since commercial lubricants are optimized for steel surfaces, therefore, a lot of experimental investigations were carried out to analyze the tribological compatibility of these lubricants with various DLC coatings. However, there is still a lack of understanding about how DLC coatings interact with conventional lubricant additives. Some researchers reported tribologically beneficial interactions between DLC coatings and formulated lubricants while others observed no such behavior. To address these inconsistencies, there is a need to rearrange the published data in a more apprehensible and organized manner with a special emphasis on the mechanisms responsible for a particular tribological behavior. In this way, it can be determined whether synergistic or antagonistic correlation exists between a particular DLC-lubricant combination and research on DLC coatings can be continued in a logical way. In this article, most widely investigated non-doped DLC coatings (ta-C, a-C:H, a-C, and ta-C:H) are tribologically analyzed. Average values of friction and wear coefficients are calculated for various DLC-lubricant combinations using already published data and compared to quantify the effectiveness of a particular lubricant additive in enhancing tribological characteristics of symmetrical non-doped DLC contacts. Moreover, tribological performance parameters of non-doped DLC coatings are compared with those of doped-DLC coatings to understand differences in their tribological behavior in combination with additives.     

润滑油对轮胎主要成分催化裂解行为的影响

本文研究了润滑油对轮胎的重要组成原料:天然橡胶、聚丁二烯橡胶和丁苯橡胶催化裂解行为的影响.研究发现润滑油的加入明显增强了催化剂ZSM-5对聚丁二烯橡胶的催化裂解作用:液体收率从69.0％提高到83.4％,残渣收率从17.0％降至3.2％;润滑油的加入也提高了丁苯橡胶催化裂解的反应速率,液体产物中的轻油组分由67.5％增...     

油溶性羧酸镧的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

合成了1种不含硫磷的新型稀土化合物,该化合物在液体石蜡中具有较好的溶解性.热重分析(TGA)表明该化合物热稳定性较好.采用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为添加剂在液体石蜡中的减摩抗磨性能,结果表明当添加剂的含量为3.0%(w/w)时,与商业化的ZDDP相比具有更好的减摩抗磨效果.当与一定量的有机配体进行复配后,其性能可得到进一步提升.采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对磨斑表面进行了分析,结果发现La以羧酸镧和单质镧的形成存在,表明添加剂与金属表面发生了摩擦化学反应.俄歇电子能谱(AES)对元素的深度分布情况表明La向金属基体发生了渗透.含有羧酸镧的吸附膜和含有单质镧、羧酸亚铁的反应膜共同构成了高性能的边界润滑膜.