超高层建筑-18.7m的深基坑施工优化

介绍了深达 18.7m的基坑围护措施 ,对超高层建筑深基坑支护结构与施工技术进行优化     

Extension of a combined analytical/numerical initial value problem solver for unsteady periodic flow

Here we describe analytical and numerical modifications that extend the Differential Reduced Ejector/ mixer Analysis (DREA), a combined analytical/numerical, multiple species ejector/mixing code developed for preliminary design applications, to apply to periodic unsteady flow. An unsteady periodic flow modelling capability opens a range of pertinent simulation problems including pulse detonation engines (PDE), internal combustion engine ICE applications, mixing enhancement and more fundamental fluid dynamic unsteadiness, e.g. fan instability/vortex shedding problems. Although mapping between steady and periodic forms for a scalar equation is a classical problem in applied mathematics, we will show that extension to systems of equations and, moreover, problems with complex initial conditions are more challenging. Additionally, the inherent large gradient initial condition singularities that are characteristic of mixing flows and that have greatly influenced the DREA code formulation, place considerable limitations on the use of numerical solution methods. Fortunately, using the combined analytical–numerical form of the DREA formulation, a successful formulation is developed and described. Comparison of this method with experimental measurements for jet flows with excitation shows reasonable agreement with the simulation. Other flow fields are presented to demonstrate the capabilities of the model. As such, we demonstrate that unsteady periodic effects can be included within the simple, efficient, coarse grid DREA implementation that has been the original intent of the DREA development effort, namely, to provide a viable tool where more complex and expensive models are inappropriate. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

注塑制品顶件痕缺陷及其预防措施

通过分析注塑制品顶件痕缺陷产生的原因,从注塑成型工艺、模具设计、模具抛光工艺、钳工配模工艺方面就消除顶件痕提出了预防措施。     

一种新型空气源高温热泵的热力学分析

本文提出了一种供热温度为80~100℃的新型空气源高温热泵循环(EIHP),该循环采用非共沸混合工质R290/R600a,利用内部自复叠技术和喷射器提升循环性能。针对EIHP循环建立了相应的热力学计算模型,并与传统热泵循环(CHP)进行了对比研究。根据计算结果,当冷凝器出口温度为100℃,蒸发器出口温度从25℃下降到-10℃时,相较于CHP循环,EIHP循环的COP提高了15%~27%,压缩机压比降低了20%~46%,容积制热量提高了22%~51%。此外,本文还研究了冷凝器出口温度,工质配比等参数对循环性能的影响情况。     

120kW级燃料电池可变喉口引射器的设计及特性

引射器是质子交换膜燃料电池氢气循环系统中的关键部件，依靠超音速流动的射流工质实现阳极排气的再循环。传统的固定结构引射器通常针对电堆额定工况设计，工作在非设计工况时性能较差；而可变喉口引射器可以动态地改变其喉口大小，有效扩大其工作范围。基于Sokolov设计理论，搭建了引射器的一维模型并探究了其工作特性，在此基础上提出了一种可变喉口引射器的设计方法。研究结果表明，引射器的工作特性主要受其操作压力、喉口直径和混合室直径影响；通过缩小喉口、提高工作流体压力可以使工作喷嘴保持临界状态，这对大负载下的引射性能影响较小，但能够有效提高电堆小负载下的引射比，并使引射器的工作范围向小负载扩展。     

气流引射器混合室流场计算的积分法

本文分析了气流引射器混合室内射流的紊流混合过程,速度分布、温度分布采用阿勃拉莫维奇的普遍参数型,建立起求解流场的积分方程。验算了等截面管道中非均能气流的混合过程,温度分布与实验作了比较,还对某气流引射器混合室流场进行了计算,给出若干截面上的速度分布及压强沿轴向的变化规律。     

热力压缩海水淡化系统中低温蒸汽喷射器的实验研究

海水淡化过程需要消耗大量的能源。采用较低热源温度驱动的海水淡化技术将是未来的发展方向。针对热力压缩海水淡化系统,设计了可在低温热源驱动下工作的蒸汽喷射器。通过实验分别研究了蒸汽喷射器的工况参数、横截面的面积比和喷嘴类型等对蒸汽喷射器性能的影响。结果表明:当发生温度为40℃、蒸发温度为25℃时,蒸汽喷射器的性能系数(cofficient of performance,COP)可达到3.06;面积比对蒸汽喷射器的COP有较大的影响,而对临界冷凝温度的影响不大;渐缩型喷嘴的性能略优于渐缩渐扩型喷嘴的性能。研究为今后进一步开展低温热源驱动海水淡化技术奠定了基础。     

水蒸汽喷射真空泵故障的查找与消除

分析了蒸汽喷射泵的常见故障发生的原因，并提出了解决方法。