复合支护结构核爆冲击波等效静载的不确定性分析

根据中值点处展开的一次二阶矩法讨论了土中压缩波的升压时间及其不确定性，然后研究了按单自由度体系进行复合支护地下结构抗核爆设计时的动力系数（荷载系数）和等效静载的变异系数．数值结果表明，土中压缩波升压时间的不确定性，不仅与结构埋深和土参数的变异性有关，而且与土参数的均值有关，等效静载的不确定性，依赖于作用于结构上的动载变异性和结构自振频率变异性，而动载不确定性对等效静载变异性影响最大     

提高熔炼不锈钢电弧炉炉衬寿命的措施

某特钢厂改进熔炼不锈钢电弧炉操作工艺、造渣制度和采用炉渣发泡技术后，使电弧炉炉衬寿命从30炉提高到60炉以上，并保证2台30tEBT电弧炉与l台30tAOD妒相匹配。炉衬寿命进一步提高后，可望l台EBT电弧炉与l台AOD炉相匹配，提高不锈钢产量。     

连铸中间包镁质工作衬板的研制与应用

针对目前钢铁企业所用硅质绝热板和碱性涂料存在的不足，研究开发了中间包镁质工作衬板。主要研究了有机纤维、有机发泡剂、蓝晶石以及结合剂对连铸中间包镁质工作衬板性能的影响。所研制的连铸中间包镁质工作衬板性能优良，实际使用效果良好。     

东荣矿区井壁受力及破坏原因

利用钢弦式传感器,实测东荣矿区冻结压力的大小及变化规律,结果表明冻结压力随时间而增长.在此基础上,分析了井壁破坏的原因,如实际冻结压力偏大,负摩擦力的不利影响等,提出了防止井壁破坏的措施.     

高铝质耐火材料在中频感应电炉中的应用

对中频感应电炉炉衬工况条件分析，经实验研究，采用近扣性Ⅰ级高铝质耐火材料作为炉衬材料。其合理的颗粒级配比例为粗、中、细、粉的25∶35∶10∶30。工业试验结果表明，这种炉衬材料能熔炼酸性和碱性两种合金。     

开切双卸压槽井壁与表土共同作用的力学特性

利用ANSYS分析软件对开切双卸压槽井壁与表土共同作用的受力机理进行了分析。通过计算可知,开切单卸压槽后内层井壁竖向应力衰减率为38.6%左右,开切双卸压槽后内层井壁竖向应力衰减率为59.5%左右。由此可见,开切双卸压槽极大地改善了内层井壁的受力状况。内层井壁开切双卸压槽后,当地表再次下沉且下沉量小于卸压槽的允许压缩量时,井筒内、外壁和地层变形协调,内层井壁上的竖向应力以及外壁上的竖向摩擦力均没有急剧变化。     

Exhaled breath condensate: Determination of non-volatile compounds and their potential for clinical diagnosis and monitoring. A review

Exhaled breath condensate is a promising, non-invasive, diagnostic sample obtained by condensation of exhaled breath. Starting from a historical perspective of early attempts of breath testing towards the contemporary state-of-the-art breath analysis, this review article focuses mainly on the progress in determination of non-volatile compounds in exhaled breath condensate. The mechanisms by which the aerosols/droplets of non-volatile compounds are formed in the airways are discussed with methodological consequences for sampling. Dilution of respiratory droplets is a major problem for correct clinical interpretation of the measured data and there is an urgent need for standardization of EBC. This applies also for collection instrumentation and therefore various commercial and in-house built devices are described and compared with regard to their design, function and collection parameters. The analytical techniques and methods for determination of non-volatile compounds as potential markers of oxidative stress and lung inflammation are scrutinized with an emphasis on method suitability, sensitivity and appropriateness. The relevance of clinical findings for each group of possible non-volatile markers of selected pulmonary diseases and methodological recommendations with emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration that is essential for future development into a fully validated clinical diagnostic tool are given.     

Formation and accumulation of contact deficiencies in a tunnel segmented lining

Damages observed in tunnels constructed with tunnel boring machines affect the overall quality of the structure and the efficiency of the construction process. Most of these damages are caused by contact deficiencies between segments that are generated by the sum of several tolerances on the shape and on the placement of the lining. Moreover, the imperfection of one ring affects the placement of the following ones, inducing an accumulation mechanism that magnifies the imperfection expected due to the sum of tolerances in a single isolated ring. The overall consideration of these phenomena yields an intricate analysis that must take into account some important probabilistic aspects. This paper explains how the tolerances may evolve into the contact deficiencies found in practice. Initially the types of tolerances and contact deficiencies more likely to affect the structural behavior of the lining are analyzed. A mathematical model is proposed to explain the relation between tolerances and contact deficiencies. The predictions obtained with the model are then compared with the measurements performed in the tunnel of Line 9 in Barcelona. The results obtained reinforce the importance of the model proposed in this study, which quantifies aspects that so far could only be studied qualitatively or on a trial and error basis.     

地下钢筋混凝土岔管围岩稳定及结构数值分析

以国内某抽水蓄能电站的钢筋混凝土岔管工程为例,从围岩开挖支护、围岩与衬砌相互作用和钢筋混凝土结构等方提出了围岩、混凝土等材料的数值模拟方法,通过三维有限元线性和非线性计算,分析研究了地下钢筋混凝土岔管在施工、运行等工况下,围岩、衬砌结构的应力与变形,以及混凝土岔管结构配筋和配筋后应力、裂缝开展等问题.结果表明：在开挖阶段由于地应力释放在主、岔洞交叉处会产生拉应力,塑性区开展较深;正常运行工况在内水压力作用下岔管结构大部分区域存在拉应力,裂缝较大;检修工况在外水压力作用下仅在主、岔管交叉处存在拉应力区,裂缝较小;结构配筋时,轴向配筋应该由外水作用的工况来控制,环向配筋由内水作用为主的工况来控制.     

服装热熔胶粉碎工艺研究

目前广泛应用的服装热熔胶的粉碎方法有常温粉碎、冷冻粉碎以及化学粉碎等,对各种粉碎方法的过程、设备及优缺点进行了研究分析,并对化学粉碎工艺进行了探索,发现溶剂、表面活性剂、沉淀剂等化学助剂的选择与用量以及温度、压力、升温速度、搅拌效率等工艺条件的控制与调节均是影响粉碎加工质量的重要因素。