Naphthyl azomesogens with lateral chloro groups

A homologous series of azomesogens, 2″-[4-(4′-n-alkoxybenzoyloxy)-2-chlorophenylazo] naphthalenes, with lateral chloro groups was synthesised. All the homologues synthesized exhibit enantiotropic nematic mesophase. The mesomorphic properties of the present series are compared with other structurally related series to evaluate the effect of lateral chloro group and its position on mesomorphism This paper was presented at the 10th National Conference on Liquid Crystals held at Bangalore, India during 9–11 October 2003.     

Photorefractive Four-Wave Mixing Switches Utilizing Pockels Effect -Longitudinal and Lateral Switches-

We carried out detailed calculations for photorefractive wave-mixing switches based on one of three crystals with high electro-optic coefficients, namely, BaTiO₃, Strontium Barium Niobate (SBN (0.75)), and Potasium Sodium Strontium Barium Niobate (KNSBN). A comparison of results for the three crystals shows that a 0_-cut BaTiO³ crystal is suitable for a longitudinal switch and requires a voltage of about 80 for a 2-mm-thick crystal to induce sufficient phase mismatch. The electrodes must be transparent for the incident and diffracted beams. A 45_-cut SBN (0.75) crystal, however, is suitable for a lateral switch and requires a voltage of about 150 for a 1-mm-wide crystal. The electrodes do not need to be transparent.     

透镜初级球差的横向剪切干涉条纹研究

利用玻璃平行平板构成简单的横向剪切干涉仪可以观察到单薄透镜形成的准直光束的剪切干涉条纹,由干涉条纹分布求出对应的几何像差和离焦量.用焦距为190 mm的单薄透镜做实验,实验结果与计算机模拟结果符合,说明可以从剪切干涉条纹的分布求出透镜的轴向调整误差和初级球差.     

横向放大率法测定光具组的基点

介绍了用横向放大率法确定两薄透镜组成的光具组基点的原理和方法,该方法采用线阵光电耦合器件(CCD)测量物经光学系统成像的横向放大率,进一步提高了测量精度.     

全站仪线路纵、横断面测量

运用全站仪放样及对边测量功能，在已知控制点上设站，方便、快捷、精确的进行线路的纵、横断面测量。     

A Novel Anti-Inflammatory d-Peptide Inhibits Disease Phenotype Progression in an ALS Mouse Model

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by selective neuronal death in the brain stem and spinal cord. The cause is unknown, but an increasing amount of evidence has firmly certified that neuroinflammation plays a key role in ALS pathogenesis. Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders and has been implicated as driver of disease progression. Here, we describe a treatment study demonstrating the therapeutic potential of a tandem version of the well-known all-d-peptide RD2 (RD2RD2) in a transgenic mouse model of ALS (SOD1*G93A). Mice were treated intraperitoneally for four weeks with RD2RD2 vs. placebo. SOD1*G93A mice were tested longitudinally during treatment in various behavioural and motor coordination tests. Brain and spinal cord samples were investigated immunohistochemically for gliosis and neurodegeneration. RD2RD2 treatment in SOD1*G93A mice resulted not only in a reduction of activated astrocytes and microglia in both the brain stem and lumbar spinal cord, but also in a rescue of neurons in the motor cortex. RD2RD2 treatment was able to slow progression of the disease phenotype, especially the motor deficits, to an extent that during the four weeks treatment duration, no significant progression was observed in any of the motor experiments. Based on the presented results, we conclude that RD2RD2 is a potential therapeutic candidate against ALS.     

General analysis of the measurements of the lateral crystal lattice moduli of semicrystalline polymers by x-ray diffraction and the application to nylon 6

A mathematical representation based on a linear elastic theory is proposed by which one may investigate the dependences of molecular orientation and crystallinity on the crystal lattice moduli and linear thermal expansion coefficients in the direction perpendicular to the chain axis as commonly measured by x-ray diffraction. In the theoretical calculation, a previously introduced model was employed in which oriented crystalline phase is surrounded by oriented amorphous phase and the strains of the two phases at the boundary are identical. The mathematical analysis indicated that the lateral crystal lattice moduli and linear thermal coefficients as measured by x-ray diffraction may be different from the intrinsic crystal moduli and linear thermal coefficients of a crystal unit cell, depending on the structure of the polymer solid. The numerical calculation was applied to nylon 6. As a result, it may be confirmed that the lateral crystal lattice moduli measured by x-ray diffraction are sensitive to the morphology of the bulk speciments and close to the intrinsic crystal moduli if the morphology of the test specimen can be represented by a parallel model with respect to the original stretching longitudinal direction.     

布依族7项不对称行为特征的研究

对布依族的7项不对称行为特征(利手、扣手、叠臂、叠腿、利足、起步和利眼)进行了调查，结果显示：(1)7项指标在布依族中的出现率R型(右型)远高于L型(左型)；(2)布依族中7项指标出现率均无性别间差异；(3)与蒙古族、朝鲜族、汉族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族、达斡尔族、汉族等民族作比较，发现布依族各项指标L型出现率偏低，且扣手、叠臂、起步L型出现率和这6个民族存在极显著性差异，叠腿L型出现率除与鄂伦春族无差异外，与另外5个民族均有极显著性差异，其他指标与这6个民族基本不存在差异；(4)布依族扣手基因频率(％)为：A=0．1653，a=0．8347；布依族利手基因频率为：B=0．6990，b=0．3010；(5)统计分析了7项指标间的相关性，发现多数指标间存在相关性，部分指标相关极显著，且R—R型组合(右型一右型)的出现频率远高于L—L型组合(左型一左型)的出现频率．     

用POSER5.0制作外踝韧带损伤三维模拟动画的应用研究

外踝韧带损伤是运动中最常见的损伤之一。由于受伤过程常常难以真实地记录下来，给运动损伤预防教学演示带来不便。本研究的目的是制作模拟的外踝韧带运动损伤三维图像，以便较好的解决这一难题。研究的方法是利用Poser5．0所提供的专用三维绘图软件和有机的建模系统，根据相关的专业知识，制作具有良好可视性的动画，以及对运动中受伤过程进行逐帧演示的模拟三维图像。研究结果表明，只要熟练掌握Poser5．0应用软件，就可以使身体的各个部位在运动中受伤的过程以不同的观察角度、多变形态（着装、卡通、骨骼等等）及变化无穷的背景生动地演示出来，从而有效地保证了教学质量。     

磁悬浮列车通过隧道时空气阻力的计算方法

首先从空气动力学基本原理出发 ,推导了按非恒定流计算磁悬浮列车在驶入、通过和驶出隧道 3种不同工况下空气阻力的表达式 .然后运用数值方法求出其数值解 ,并与实测和仿真模拟的结果进行比较 .最后分析了空气阻力与各影响因素之间的关系 ,给出了一些合理的解释和建议