Performance of various activators in ethylene polymerization based on an iron(II) catalyst system

Ethylisobutylaluminoxane (EBAO) and its analogues were synthesized by a reaction between an triethylaluminum (Et₃Al)/triisobutylaluminum (i‐Bu₃Al) mixture and 4‐fluorobenzeneboronic acid, phenylboronic acid, or n‐butaneboronic acid and subsequent hydrolysis with water. They were used as cocatalysts in ethylene polymerization catalyzed by an iron complex {[(ArN?C(Me))₂C₅H₃N]FeCl₂, where Ar is 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl}. Polyethylene with a high molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution was prepared with modified EBAOs, and the performance of the iron complex at high polymerization temperatures was greatly improved. The activators for the iron complex also affected the polymerization activity and the molecular weight of the resultant polyethylene. It was suggested that the stereo and electronic effects of the substitute groups of aluminoxane contributed to the improved performance of the new activators. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1093–1099, 2004     

SPORES AND POLLEN IN CRUDE OILS AND PETROLEUM SOURCE OF TARIM BASIN

One hundred and forty-seven species of spores and pollen referred to 77 genera found in the crudeoil samples taken from four petroliferous provinces of the Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Provincehave been studied in this paper. By means of these spore and pollen fossils, the geological ages anddistribution of the petroleum source rocks of the basin are judged. Also, the principles and methodsto judge the petroleum source of a petroleum province by spore/pollen and other microfossils in crudeoils are explained.     

嵩山夷平面研究

夷平面研究作为一个永远年轻的课题,在经过1890～1910年和1950～1970年两次研究高潮以后,目前再度成为国内外地学界研究的热点,正在酝酿着第三次研究高潮.本文在形态分析、构造分析和相关沉积分析的基础上,确定了嵩山山顶古平坦面是早第三纪晚期形成的夷平面,它可与华北以及全球陆地同期的地形面进行对比.     

腾格里沙漠晚更新世以来湖相沉积年代学及高湖面期的初步确定

对腾格里沙漠古湖泊沉积和地貌的考察及对典型代表剖面初步研究结果表明，一个连续而巨大的淡水湖泊高水位形成于距今３．９～３．６万年前．在距今３．３～２．３万年期间，腾格里沙漠西北部曾存在一面积至少达１６２００ｋｍ２、水深２５ｍ（白碱湖，最大水深超过６０ｍ，分布于大海子一带）的淡水湖泊．大量的瓣鳃类、腹足类化石及介形类化石组合的存在表明该时期湖泊水温不低于１０℃，由此把该时期的湖泊暂且称“腾格里大湖”（ＭｅｇａｌａｋｅＴｅｎｇｇｅｒ）     

西准噶尔白碱滩北部太勒古拉组深水沉积研究

论述了西准噶尔札依尔山南缘下石炭统（或包括部分上泥盆统）太勒古拉组中发现的深水火山碎屑岩沉积特征；根据粒序、沉积结构和构造、横向与垂向上的特点，将深水火山碎屑岩划分为６种岩组，并建立了４种岩相组合；剖面垂向层序表明：从底向上，粒序由粗变细，层厚由厚变薄，“近基”火山碎屑浊积岩逐渐被“远基”浊积岩代替，表明研究区泥盆纪末至早石炭世，洋盆扩张，火山喷发由强变弱，沉积环境由深海浊积中扇向外扇演化     

Shenzhousia qilianshanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Protodonata, Meganeuridae), a giant dragonfly from the Upper Carboniferous of China

A new dragonfly of family Meganeuridae Shenzhousia qilianshanensis gen. et sp. nov., discovered from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in North China, is described in the present paper. It has an estimated wingspan of about 450?500 mm and may be the largest fossil insect in Late Carboniferous Namurian Stage discovered by far. The new species is referred to Meganeuridae because of the presence of the characteristic oblique vein between anterior branch of radius (RA) and posterior branch of radius (RP) near the base of RP2. It differs from other genera within the family in the following characteristics: Precostal area short and not extending to the midwing; posterior branch of subcostal vein short, merging into costal vein near the level of originating point of IR₂; RP forking earlier than anterior branch of media basally; RP_1＋2 and RP_3＋4 parallel and close to each other for a long distance, and then diverge gradually surpass midwing.     

羌塘盆地中晚侏罗世旋回地层初步分析

羌塘盆地是中国海相侏罗系最为发育的地区之一,对该套地层开展了旋回地层学研究,初步的研究结果表明羌塘盆地中上侏罗统至少存在四种旋回类型,即沉积旋回、古生物旋回、地球化学旋回和磁化率旋回,并按级别将低频旋回划分为3个旋回级次.其中一级旋回是由顶底不整合面限制的一个总体向上变粗变浅的充填序列,持续时间为48 Ma;二级旋回显示为大型的海进-海退旋回,旋回的时间跨度为27～29 Ma;三级旋回显示为向上变粗或向上变细的不完整旋回,旋回的时间跨度为7～14 Ma.古生物旋回、地球化学旋回(碳氧稳定同位素、微量元素)和磁化率旋回与沉积旋回具有良好的响应,并与特提斯同期低频旋回具有很好的对比性.     

塔里木盆地塔中和满西地区石炭系层序地层

应用地震、钻井、测井、岩芯及分析化验资料,将塔里木盆地塔中和满西地区石炭系划分为3个地震地层层序与6个沉积层序,其中CⅠ与CⅡ层序为Ⅰ型层序,CⅢ～CⅥ层序为Ⅱ型层序.与标准的Ⅰ型层序比较,区内Ⅰ型层序低位体系域以河流沉积体系为特征,缺失盆底扇、斜坡进积复合体等深水沉积体系;Ⅱ型层序中陆架边缘体系域不发育,主要的沉积体系以浅水碳酸岩台地和海岸平原为特征.石炭系早期层序形成在起伏不平的剥蚀面之上,以填平补齐的充填沉积为主,中后期层序则发育在宽阔平坦的盆地内.这种层序格架明显不同于被动大陆边缘经典型的层序格架,反映了稳定地块内坳陷性盆地的层序特点.     

废气再循环阿特金森汽油机经济性优化算法

基于一维整机模型在3 000r·min-1部分负荷工况下对Atkinson汽油机性能进行仿真分析.结果表明,在保持节气门位置、空燃比与点火提前角不变的情况下,随着废气再循环率提升或随着LIVC(late intake valve closing)增大,发动机的油耗均呈现增大趋势.为进一步优化Atkinson发动机燃油经济性,在节气门全开条件下搭建了GT-power与MATLAB联合仿真模型,通过改进的遗传算法,对废气再循环率、进气门晚关角、点火提前角、空燃比等参数进行优化迭代,并对历代种群进行了模糊聚类分析,得出了不同负荷工况点的油耗最优值及对应的控制参数.     

Rh-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Cross-Coupling between o-Carboranes and Twisted Amides: A Regioselective,Additive-Free,and Concise Late-Stage Carboranylation

The convenient cross-coupling of sp² or sp³ carbons with a specific boron vertex on carborane cage represents significant synthetic values and insurmountable challenges. In this work, we report an Rh-catalyzed reaction between o-carborane and N-acyl-glutarimides to construct various B_cage−C bonds. Under the optimized condition, the removable imine directing group (DG) leads to B(3)− or B(3,6)−C couplings, while the pyridyl DG leads to B(3,5)−Ar coupling. In particular, an unexpected rearrangement of amide reagent is observed in pyridyl directed B(4)−C(sp³) formation. This scalable protocol has many advantages, including easy access, the use of cheap and widely available coupling agents, no requirement of an external ligand, base or oxidant, high efficiency, and a broad substrate scope. Leveraging the Rh^I dimer and twisted amides, this method enables straightforward access to diversely substituted and therapeutically important carborane derivatives at boron site, and provides a highly valuable vista for carborane-based drug screening.