恶劣天气条件下车辆换车道的安全模型

考虑雾天对驾驶员能见度的影响,提出雾天驾驶反应延迟时间模型.依据车辆换车道的行车特征,提出基于连续反向圆曲线的换车道几何描述模型.结合车辆跟车行驶模型,建立恶劣气象条件影响下车辆换车道的安全模型,制定了不同天气条件和能见度范围下禁止换车道的车道流量控制标准.采用历史事故资料分析和现场实验的方式,验证了换车道时距比与事故比之间的良好关系.     

一种网络攻击下网联自动车的改进换道模型

网联自动车被认为可以提升交通效率、保证行车安全并节约能源,但是由于无线通信系统的开放性,网联自动车很容易受到网络攻击的威胁。现有的研究主要集中于网络攻击的种类及过程,并评估该攻击对车辆纵向行为的影响。本文旨在研究网络攻击对车辆横向行为的影响,即对网络攻击下的换道行为进行研究。通过对经典的跟驰模型智能驾驶员模型（Intelligent Driver Model, IDM）和经典的换道模型最小化换道总制动模型（Minimizing Overall Braking Induced by Lane changes, MOBIL）进行改进,提出了一种扩展换道模型（Extended Lane-Changing model, ELC）,来对网络攻击影响下的车辆换道行为进行建模分析。最后通过仿真实验,说明了不同的恶意网络攻击对车辆换道行为的影响。结果表明,网络攻击会显著影响车辆的换道决策,并导致异常驾驶行为。     

基于分层logit模型的车辆换道行为研究

研究分析复杂交通场景中车辆换道行为,揭示车辆运行特性及其规律。基于效用理论方法,以实现驾驶行为决策效用最大化为目标,建立车辆换道分层Logit模型。系统分析影响车辆行为变化的因素,建立各层次参数变量相关模型。仿真分析表明:较一般的车辆行为模型,车辆换道分层Logit模型更能准确地描述实际交通场景中车辆换道的行为决策过程,有效提高车辆运行效率。研究结果为智能车路协同与交互行为、车辆可变限速技术、自适应巡航控制技术等提供理论依据和技术支撑。     

基于时依等比例风险回归模型的换道时长影响因素

研究了基于时依等比例风险回归模型的换道时长（LCD）影响因素。利用开源HighD数据集,提取了560条完整的换道（LC）轨迹,对整体换道时长分布进行了非参数估计;引入时依等比例风险回归模型,对当前车辆换道时长的影响因素进行分析。结果表明：大部分驾驶员在3~8 s内完成换道行为;共有6个变量显著影响换道时长,其中最为关键的为当前车辆自身车速,同时当前车道的前车与目标车道的后车对换道时长的影响也非常显著。     

A new traffic model on compulsive lane-changing caused by off-ramp

In the field of traffic flow studies, compulsive lane-changing refers to lane-changing(LC) behaviors due to traffic rules or bad road conditions, while free LC happens when drivers change lanes to drive on a faster or less crowded lane. LC studies based on differential equation models accurately reveal LC influence on traffic environment. This paper presents a second-order partial differential equation(PDE) model that simulates both compulsive LC behavior and free LC behavior,with lane-changing source terms in the continuity equation and a lane-changing viscosity term in the momentum equation.A specific form of this model focusing on a typical compulsive LC behavior, the ‘off-ramp problem', is derived. Numerical simulations are given in several cases, which are consistent with real traffic phenomenon.     

Research on TDM approach of sharing BRT-lane supported by vehicle-infrastructure integration

In order to increase the availability of the part-time idle bus rapid transit lane (BRT-lane),a time divi-sion multiplexing (TDM) method to share BRT-lane with the vehicles besides BRT buses is propose...     

Mixed traffic flow model considering illegal lane-changing behavior: Simulations in the framework of Kerner’s three-phase theory

This paper studies the mixed motorized vehicle (m$m$-vehicle) and non-motorized vehicle (nm$nm$-vehicle) traffic flow in the m$m$-vehicle lane. We study the formation mechanism of the nm$nm$-vehicle illegal lane-changing behavior (NILB) by considering the overtaking motivation and the traffic safety awareness. In the framework of Kerner’s three-phase theory, we propose a model for the mixed traffic flow by introducing a new set of rules. A series of simulations are carried out in order to reveal the formation, travel process and influence of the mixed traffic flow. The simulation results show that the proposed model can be used to study not only the travel characteristic of the mixed traffic flow, but also some complex traffic problems such as traffic breakdown, moving synchronized flow pattern (MSP) and moving jam. Moreover, the results illustrate that the proposed model reflects the phenomenon of the mixed flow and the influence of the MSP caused by the NILB, which is consistent with the actual traffic system, and thus this work is helpful for the management of the mixed traffic flow.     

微观仿真车道变换模型研究

利用模糊逻辑方法刻划建立在驾驶员知识和经验基础上的主观判断过程，设计了模糊推断的语言规则和基于模糊逻辑的车道变换算法，构建了微观交通流仿真的车道变换模型．采用不同流量条件下车辆换道次数的观测值与模拟值进行比较，验证了模型的有效性．     

城市混合非机动车流的元胞自动机仿真模型

在我国中小城市中,非机动车流主要由电动自行车与电动三轮车构成,本文针对两种车辆的实际尺寸和驾驶特性的差异,在STNS(Symmetric Two-lane NaSch)模型的基础上,考虑前车速度效应,建立多车道混合非机动车元胞自动机模型。通过计算机仿真,得到在不同电动三轮车比例、慢化概率下、换道概率下的基本图。结果发现,随着电动三轮车比例的增大,出现了偏析的现象,且非机动车流通行能力降低;随着慢化概率的增加,电动三轮车的减速行为更容易引起堵塞;换道概率对非机动车混合交通流影响较小,随着道路占有率的增加,电动自行车换道成功率曲线快速下降到0,而电动三轮车换道成功率曲线则呈现先增加后减少的趋势。     

车路协同下浓雾天气对高速公路换道行为的影响分析

为探究车路协同下浓雾天气对驾驶员在高速公路换道行为的影响,依托驾驶模拟实验平台设计车路协同人机交互终端(human-machine interface, HMI),设置对照组、正常天气+HMI组、浓雾天气组和浓雾天气+HMI组4种实验场景,招募43名被试进行驾驶模拟实验,采集换道行为数据。从中提取换道过程,将其划分为换道决策与换道执行两个阶段,选取方向盘转角、横向加速度以及横向偏移量的变化幅度与方差表征换道决策阶段的行为特征;选取换道轨迹长度、换道时间、换道平均车速与横向加速度峰值刻画换道执行阶段的行为特征,最后采用广义线性模型对所选变量进行分析。结果表明：浓雾天气、HMI以及两者的交互效应均对驾驶员的换道行为存在显著影响。在换道决策阶段,浓雾天气导致横向加速度以及横向偏移量的变化幅度与方差显著减小(P<0.05);HMI导致方向盘转角、横向加速度等变量显著减小(P<0.05);但两者的交互效应导致各变量(除横向加速度的变化幅度)显著增大(P<0.05)。在换道执行阶段,浓雾天气导致换道轨迹长度(P=0.01)和换道平均车速(P=0.00)显著减小,HMI仅对横向加速...