基于低碳理念的鄂州市城市土地集约利用评价

结合国内外低碳土地利用的研究背景和实践,分析出不同土地利用方式碳排放效应,并对城市土地低碳化与集约化利用进行定性与定量分析,并采用鄂州市实际构建低碳理念下城市土地集约利用评价指标体系,对鄂州市2000-2013年土地利用状况进行分析评价.由此,总结鄂州市再加入低碳因素后土地集约利用的变化规律,并提出相关建议.     

基于突变级数法的福州市某区土壤重金属污染综合评价

以福州市某区土壤为研究对象,采用突变级数法对福州市某区土壤重金属污染进行评价,依据主成分分析对评价因子进行选择,整个评价指标体系避免了人为确定权重的主观性.结果表明:福州市某区土壤重金属污染目前整体呈现一个较为良好的态势,但有部分地区处于"病态"状况.距离该区中心较近的西客站、李园天桥、远洋以及于山、东街口到靠近郊区的燎原、三角埕、鼓山等地的污染的综合隶属值呈递增的趋势,表明距离城市中心越近的土壤重金属污染越为严重.     

上海黄浦江两支流河流甲烷含量研究

甲烷是一种重要的温室气体,虽然目前大气中含量远小于二氧化碳,但排放增长率却大于后者.研究区域为上海市黄浦江支流苏州河和淀浦河,通过实验数据对比城郊春夏的甲烷排放的差异,探讨甲烷产生的机制及其与环境因子的关系,这将有助于研究河流甲烷排放对于环境变化的影响.研究结果认为河流甲烷主要来源于水中沉积物,其产生与水质、温度等因素相关;同时甲烷摩尔浓度与硝酸根离子质量体积比存在负相关性,与铵根离子质量体积比和有机碳质量分数存在正相关性.     

Metabolomics techniques applied in the investigation of phenolic acids from the agro-industrial by-product of Carapa guianensis Aubl

Processing of Carapa guianensis seeds to obtain oil on an industrial scale generates a significant amount of by-product, approximately 66% w/w, which is called cake and is a potential source of biomolecules, including simple phenolic structures. For this reason, studies were carried out on the chemical profiles of hydrolyzed extract from this agro-industrial by-product through High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). These techniques were used to detect metabolic classes and/or groups, and to identify, for the first time, thirteen simple phenolic acids in this by-product. The sample antioxidant capacity was determined by methods of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS⁺) radicals direct sequestration. The hydrolyzed fraction showed a total of 63.47% in the relative abundance of the total of compounds, standing out: p-hydroxybenzoic acid (39.19%) and protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) (5.62%), both from hydroxybenzoic acids and 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)lactic acid, (7.76%) hydroxycinnamic acids derivatives. In these results, the fraction rich in simple phenolic acids was obtained, attributing the prominent behavior of this matrix antioxidant activity, expressed by (IC₅₀: of 16.42 µg/mL and 6.52 µg/mL for DPPH and ABTS⁺ radicals, respectively). The research demonstrated an alternative to applicability that involves sustainability from agro-industrial. These techniques were used to detect metabolic classes and/or groups, and to identify, for the first time, thirteen simple phenolic acids in this by-product, generating a process capable of converting biomass into a bioproduct, consisting of bioactive compounds, in addition to adding value to the industrial chain.     

中国大气颗粒物污染与致癌研究进展

 室外空气污染和污染空气中的颗粒物是一类致癌物，而近年中国的大气颗粒物污染仍然维持在较高浓度水平。通过综述中国近年大气颗粒物污染现状和开展的颗粒物致癌机制研究，分析中国研究中颗粒物有关实验动物致癌性的证据和颗粒物致癌的人群流行病学线索，阐述大气颗粒物与癌症的关系，提出中国亟需开展相关研究。     

电路特性的PSpice仿真方法比较

应用PSpice仿真软件的两种仿真方法,分析了串联型直流稳压电源的性能,比较了这两种仿真分析方法各自的优点.电路仿真实验表明,熟练掌握数种电路仿真方法是十分必要的,仿真方法对电路分析具有实际意义和作用.     

加强法制建设促进珠江上游经济环保整体发展

珠江上游南、北盘江流域水土流失严重，生态环境不断恶化，严重影响了该地区经济的可持续发展。法制建设在该地区环境保护中起着至关重要的作用，只有通过法律制度的不断创新和完善，才能为该地区的环境治理提供有效的法律保障，最终达到环境保护与经济发展的和谐统一。     

城市土地规划的优化方法研究

以多目标决策理论、组合优化理论以及预测科学技术为依据 ,首先建立了土地功能配置模型 ,帮助规划师对各种不同功能土地的片面布置进行分析 ,从而找到最合理的城市土地布局 ;然后以遗传算法作为优化工具 ,对建立的模型进行了优化。     

Diffusion from sessile droplets through membranes

We analyze diffusion from a periodic array of hemispherical droplets through a membrane. We find that the multiple sources do not interact strongly, even when the droplets are closely spaced, so that the flux through the membrane appears nearly additive.