海南黎安港纳潮量及海水交换规律研究

利用NortekAquadopp^TM水流剖面仪对黎安港口门处的潮流情况进行了28h的垂直剖面连续观测,结合潮位历史资料,分析了黎安港的潮汐特征,计算了该港的纳潮量,同时,以盐度作为标准物质,计算了海水半交换周期．结果表明：黎安港潮汐类型属于全日潮型,涨落潮历时基本相等,涨潮平均流速小于落潮平均流速;黎安港的平均纳潮量约为5．65×10^6m^3,海水半交换周期约为20．50d．由于黎安港的海水半交换周期长,泻湖内的生态平衡非常脆弱,因而易受外源和养殖自身的污染．     

Trace elements in sediments and bioaccumulation in European silver eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) from a Mediterranean lagoon (SE Italy)

Samples of surface sediments and tissues (liver and muscle) of commercially available European silver eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) collected from Varano lagoon (Italy) were analysed to determine trace element contents. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to highlight both the differences between sampling sites and the influence of channel discharges. Atomic ratios indices for sediment data and biological enrichment factors (BEF) for eel tissues were calculated in order to evaluate the enrichment factor due to human activities. The highest levels of As (11.9?µg?g^?1) and Zn (14.1?µg?g^?1) were observed in the south-eastern zone of the lagoon, which is influenced by urban and agricultural discharges. The low levels of Hg observed in this study (0.04?µg?g^?1) led us to exclude both natural and human local sources of this element. Trace element concentrations of all elements were lower in muscle than in liver tissue. Significant enrichment of Cu and Zn was found in livers.     

平顶山煤田山西组沉积体系与聚煤模式

讨论了河南平顶山煤田山西组的沉积体系和聚煤模式。文中提出山西组下段形成于碎屑障壁海岸环境,山西组上段为三角洲沉积体系的进积部分。已组煤形成于障壁海岸沉积体系的上部,其发育过程明显受到基底沉积环境的控制。已组煤的聚煤作用特征是沉积基底地形高差、压实沉降率与泥炭堆积速率之间的平衡关系随海平面变化而变化。己组煤发育的气候条件可能属热带背景。     

Change in the sedimentary environment of Wanquan River Estuary,Hainan Island,China

Pb geochronology and sediment core profiles of organic carbon, total sulfur and organic carbon isotope (d 13C) values were used to reconstruct the local environ-mental history of the Shamei Lagoon, located in the Wan-quan River Estuary, eastern Hainan Island, China. Totalsulfur and d 13C values decreased upwards in the top 30 cm of a sediment core that spanned the last 200 years of deposi-tion. Total sulfur concentration and d 13C values respectively decreased upward from 1.92% to 0.36%, and -20.63?to -23.64? The C/S ratio in the 19th century and earlier was relatively stable in the range of 0.47—0.80, and there was a positive correlation between organic carbon and total sulfur. Since around 1900 AD, the C/S ratio increased rapidly to a maximum of 3.94, but no simple correlation was found be-tween organic carbon and total sulfur during this more re-cent period. These results indicated that before 1800 AD, the lagoon had a fully marine character, and the location of to-day抯 Wanquan River Estuary was an open embayment.From 1800 to 1900, the salinity of Shamei Lagoon decreased noticeably. The amount of seawater which could enter thelagoon decreased gradually as the Yudai spit grew. Today,seawater scarcely affects the lagoon; it is essentially a fresh-water basin.     

Morpho-sedimentary unit signatures associated with micro-estuaries in Barnegat Bay national estuary, New Jersey, the USA

Incorporation of the Barnegat Bay into the US National Estuary Program has triggered collection and collation of basic data sets appropriate to estuarine management. Gathering of water quality and quantity as well as basic geological data is adding to the knowledge of the complexity of the bay. An ongoing program of systematic sampling of bottom sediments in the large bay and intense sampling in the many micro-estuaries along the mainland margin is demonstrating the presence of localized mor-pho-sedimentological units related to the interaction of the fluvial, tidal, and wave processes active in the bay. Mean grain sizes and standard deviation measures assist in the development of signatures of bottom sediment types.     

北海外沙泻湖全新世硅藻、有孔虫组合与沉积相演化

系统分析北海外沙泻湖ＣＫ１０钻孔岩芯的硅藻、有孔虫、介形虫化石, 并进行１４Ｃ年代测定, 探讨硅藻、有孔虫组合特征、沉积相演化和地层年代。该孔全新世地层硅藻化石群自下而上划分为： Ⅰ． 波缘曲壳藻（Ａｔｈｎａｎｔｈｅｓｃｒｅｎｕｌａｔａ）—亲缘桥弯藻（Ｃｙｍ ｂｅｌｌａ ａｆｆｉｎｉｓ） —披针桥弯藻（Ｃｙｍ ． ｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔａ） ,Ⅱ．亲缘桥弯藻—波缘曲壳藻—卵形菱形藻（Ｎｉｔｚｓｃｈｉａ ｃｏｃｃｏｎｅｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ） , Ⅲ． 亲缘桥弯藻—波缘曲壳藻—史密斯双壁藻（Ｄｉｐｌｏｎｅｉｓｓｍ ｉｔｈｉｉ）,Ⅳ． 波缘曲壳藻—亲缘桥弯藻—条纹小环藻（Ｃｙｃｌｏｔｅｌｌａ ｓｔｒｉａｔａ）, Ⅴ．卵形菱形藻—具槽直链藻（Ｍｅｌｏｓｉｒａ ｓｕｌａｔａ）—柱状小环藻（Ｃｙｃ． ｓｔｙｔｏｒｕｍ ）, Ⅵ．条纹小环藻—柱状小环藻, Ⅶ． 具槽直链藻—条纹小环藻—卵形菱形藻, Ⅷ． 柱状小环藻等８ 个硅藻组合带。有孔虫群自下而上划分为： Ⅰ． 毕克卷转虫变种（Ａｍ ｍ ｏｎｉａ ｂｅｃｃａｒｉｉ ｖａｒ．） —瘦瘪雅得虫（Ｊａｄａｍ ｍｉｎａ ｍ ａｃｒｅｓｃｅｎｓ） , Ⅱ． 毕克卷转虫变种—异地希望虫（Ｅｌｐｈｉｄｉｕｍ ａｄｖｅｎｕｍ ）—球室     

北海外沙泻湖全新世硅藻、有孔虫组合与沉积相演化

系统分析北海外沙泻湖ＣＫ１０钻孔岩芯的硅藻、有孔虫、介形虫化石,并进行＾１４℃年代测定,探讨硅藻、有孔虫组合特征、沉积相演化和地层年代。该孔全新世地层硅藻化石群自下而上划分为：Ｉ．波缘曲壳藻（Ａｔｈｎａｎｔｈｅｓ ｃｒｅｎｕｌａｔａ）－新缘桥弯藻（Ｃｙｍｂｅｌｌａ ａｆ ｆｉｎｉｓ）一披针桥弯藻（Ｃｙｍ．ｌａｎｃｅｏｌａｔａ）,Ⅱ．新缘桥弯藻一波缘曲壳藻一卵形菱形藻（Ｎｉｔｚｓｃｈｉａ ｃｏｃｏｎ     

Dynamics of phytoplankton and picoplankton over a tidal cycle in a subtropical lagoon

The influences of a tidal cycle on the distribution of autotrophic plankton were investigated in a hyper-eutrophic lagoon designated as a scenic area. Results showed that the highest concentrations of picoplankton and phytoplankton were found in the middle and inner part of the lagoon, irrespective of the tides. The MDS result also revealed that phytoplankton communities, dominated by Ceratium furca, were similar among stations in the inner bay during both flood tides and ebb tides. The time series sampling results at the inlet-outlet channel revealed that almost the same amounts of phytoplankton and picoplankton were carried through the channel during flood and ebb tides, with no trend in nutrient fluctuations except for phosphate which had a net loss from the lagoon. The results showed that tidal cycles do not effectively flush away phytoplankton and picoplankton from the lagoon, and the blooming of phyto- and picoplankton is inevitable should the situation stay the same. Steps are needed to alleviate the eutrophication condition instead of depending on the natural process such as tidal cycle.     

山东半岛小海潟湖沉积地球化学特征与环境演变

在分析小海潟湖沉积物的粘土矿物组合特征、化学元素含量变化规律以及pH值、有机质含量等一系列指标的基础上,总结出山东半岛东北部沿岸6000a以来的气候、海平面变化曲线,概括出这一区域6000a以来的环境演变大致经历了:6000～3400a BP气候温暖湿润,相对海平面较高时期;3400～1600a BP气候趋向干凉,海平面相对较低的过渡时期;1600aBP以来气候温湿,海平面有上升趋势的时期.     

湛江湾的围海造地与潮汐通道系统

湛江湾是一溺谷—泻湖型的潮汐通道系统，着重讨论了围海造地与该系统的关系，特别指出１９５８年的南三岛的联围，使湛江湾扩大了纳潮面积，完善了潮汐通道系统．但湛江湾历年的围海填滩也引起局部的航道淤浅和岸滩的冲淤．因而保护和扩大潮汐通道系统内的纳潮面积是使系统保持稳定的关键的措施之一