肌纤维母细胞瘤

目的:观察肌纤维母细胞瘤形态、组织化学及电镜特点。方法:对1例结肠系膜肌纤维母细胞瘤进行光镜、电镜观察及组织化学染色。结果:HE染色可见瘤细胞由大量成束的梭形细胞及少量星芒状细胞构成,伴淋巴细胞浸润;VG染色瘤组织呈红色和黄色的混合色;电镜可见胞浆内含肌丝及胶原原纤维。结论:肌纤维母细胞瘤兼具纤维母细胞及平滑肌细胞形态及功能特点,可能来源于间充质细胞,可以为良性病变,具有局部复发倾向。     

Phytochemical and Biological Evaluation of a Newly Designed Nutraceutical Self-Nanoemulsifying Self-Nanosuspension for Protection and Treatment of Cisplatin Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats

The incorporation of cisplatin (CP) as a cytotoxic antineoplastic agent in most chemotherapeutic protocols is a challenge due to its toxic effect on testicular tissues. Natural compounds present a promising trend in research, so a new nutraceutical formulation (NCF) was designed to diminish CP spermatotoxicity. A combination of three nutraceutical materials, 250 mg Spirulina platensis powder (SP), 25 mg Tribulus terrestris L. extract (TT), and 100 mg fish oil (FO) were formulated in self-nanoemulsifying self-nanosuspension (SNESNS). SP was loaded into the optimized self-nanoemulsifying system (30% FO, 50% span 80/cremophor EL and 20% isopropanol) and mixed with TT aqueous solution to form SNESNS. For the SP, phytochemical profiling revealed the presence of valuable amounts of fatty acids (FAs), amino acids, flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamins, and minerals. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analysis confirmed the formation of nanoemulsion-based nanosuspension upon dilution. Method validation of the phytochemical constituents in NCF has been developed. Furthermore, NCF was biologically evaluated on male Wistar rats and revealed the improvement of spermatozoa, histopathological features, and biochemical markers over the CP and each ingredient group. Our findings suggest the potential of NCF with SNESNS as a delivery system against CP-induced testicular toxicity in male rats.     

Aloe djiboutiensis: Antioxidant Activity,Molecular Networking-Based Approach and In Vivo Toxicity of This Endemic Species in Djibouti

For the first time, the study of the antioxidant activity, the characterization of the phytoconstituants, and the evaluation of in vitro and in vivo toxicity of A. djiboutiensis leave and latex are performed. The antioxidant activity of both latex (ADL) and the methanolic extract of leaves (ADM) is determined using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) scavenging radical methods and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The phytochemical study of latex is done using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a molecular networking-based approach. The evaluation of in vivo toxicity is performed on mice by oral gavage with a suspension of ADL. Our results show that weak antioxidant activity of ADL and ADM in opposition to their high polyphenol, 83.01 mg and 46.4 mg expressed in gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (DW), respectively, and flavonoid contents 13.12 mg and 4.25 mg expressed in quercetin equivalent (QE)/g dry weight (DW), respectively. Using the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) website, nine (9) anthraquinones derivatives, ten (10) chromones derivatives, two (2) flavonols/ chromones isomers are annotated in the molecular network. The treated mice do not display abnormalities in their general physical appearance and biochemistry parameters, compared to the controls. Only glucose and calcium levels are slightly higher in male treated mice compared to the vehicles.     

南通沿海文蛤暴发性疾病的组织病理学研究

采用常规石腊切片法、以正常样品作对照,对2003年5月南通沿海发生暴发性疾病的文蛤不同组织进行了组织病理学观察。结果表明,患病文蛤各组织都发生了不同程度的病理变化,主要表现为:外套膜、鳃、消化管、足等上皮细胞肿胀、变性、破裂或脱落,结缔组织增生、变性或溶解,血淋巴细胞增多,肌纤维结构松散、断裂,组织中嗜碱性细胞增多;鳃组织发生坏死崩解;消化盲囊腺泡广泛受损,导管上皮及结缔组织发生溶解。文蛤的这些组织发生了严重病变,使其功能遭到破坏,是导致文蛤发病死亡的病理学基础。     

锯缘青蟹一种球状病毒的分离和组织病理观察

从患病锯缘青蟹组织中分离出一种无囊膜球状病毒,直径50~60 nm.通过病理切片观察,病蟹肝胰腺、肌肉、心脏、肠和鳃等多处组织器官受到感染,该病毒分布在细胞浆中,呈晶格状排列,不形成包涵体;这种病毒会导致细胞瓦解,细胞核肿大变形,核质聚缩,核膜破损,肌丝断裂,线粒体坏死等症状.     

铜离子对中国大鲵幼体的胁迫效应

为研究铜离子暴露对中国大鲵的毒性效应,以中国大鲵幼体为研究对象,采用慢性染毒法,将大鲵幼体暴露于0mg/L、1.0mg/L、1.5mg/L和3.0mg/L的铜溶液中30d,观察铜离子胁迫下的大鲵幼体临床症。之后立即对大鲵幼体进行解剖并观察其皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠组织的病理变化,同时采集大鲵幼体的皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠,利用石蜡切片和HE染色对大鲵幼体的组织病理损伤进行观察。结果表明,随着铜离子浓度的增加,大鲵幼体异常行为与其体表黏液的分泌也越加频繁;铜离子胁迫会导致大鲵幼体膀胱显著膨大并充斥大量尿液;铜离子对大鲵幼体皮肤的真皮结构、肝脏和胰脏细胞会产生一定的病理损伤,但对大鲵幼体皮肤、肝脏、胰脏和小肠组织结构未造成毒害效应。本研究表明,铜离子胁迫30d后会对大鲵幼体产生一定的毒性效应,并且毒性程度与铜离子的浓度呈正相关关系。     

Pulmonary toxicity of indium arsenide and arsenic selenide following repeated intratracheal instillations to the lungs of hamsters

Chronic toxicity of indium arsenide (InAs) and arsenic selenide (As₂Se₃) was studied in male Syrian golden hamsters which received InAs or As₂Se₃ particles, each containing a total dose of 7.5 mg of arsenic, by intratracheal instillations once a week for 15 weeks. As a control, hamsters were treated with the vehicle, phosphate buffer solution. During their total lifespan, the cumulative body weight gain of the hamsters in the InAs group was suppressed significantly compared with that in the control group, but not in the As₂Se₃ group when compared with that in the control group. However, the survival rate for the InAs group was significantly higher compared with the control group, but not for the As₂Se₃ group when compared with the control group. During the animals' total lifespan, one lung adenoma was seen in the 27 hamsters in the InAs group and one lung adenoma in the 23 hamsters in the control group. No tumors of the lung were observed in the As₂Se₃ group. Malignant tumors outside the lung appeared in four hamsters in the InAs group and in two in the As₂Se₃ group. No non-lung malignant tumours were seen in the control group. Total tumor incidence rates were 25.9% (7/27) in the InAs group, 10.3% (3/29) in the As₂Se₃ group and 8.7% (2/23) in the control group. There were therefore no significant differences in tumor incidence between the InAs or the As₂Se₃ group, and the control group. Regarding histopathological findings in the lung, incidence rates of proteinosis-like lesions, pneumonia, metaplastic ossification and emphysema were seen only in the InAs group, and alveolar or bronchiolar cell hyperplasia observed in both the InAs and the As₂Se₃ groups were at significantly higher rates than those in the control group. From these results, it was concluded that InAs and As₂Se₃ particles could induce pulmonary toxicity when instilled intratracheally into hamsters. A great deal of attention should be paid to the toxicity of both InAs and As₂Se₃, even though in this study the adverse health effects of As₂Se₃ appeared to be less than those of InAs.     

Occurrence, Development and Histochemical Characteristics of Lymphocystis in Cultured Japanese Flounder （Paralichthys olivaceus）

Occurrence and development of lymphocystis cells in flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, and some his-tochemical features are studied using light and electron microscopy and histochemical methods. Fibrob-lasts engulf virus particles forming phagocytosis vacuole in the cytoplasm. The infected cells proliferate and turn round and hypertrophied; basophilic inclusion bodies, Feulgen-positive, are present in the cyto-plasm, and a hyaline capsule, containing acid ploysaccharide and protein, appears outside cell mem-brane. The mature lymphocystis cells possess numerous virus particles (200～220nm in diameter with a central core 120～140nm) and high electron-dense inclusions with budding virious at the surface in the cytoplasm, and show margination of chromatin. Moderate electron density particles (70～80nm in diame-ter) fill out perinuclear cistema and arrange in crystalloid arrays in nucleus, liberated into the cytoplasm by rupture of nuclear membrane. No virus particles are observed in nucleus. Therefore, inclusion bodies are the sites of virus assembly and maturity, while replication processes of lymphocystis virus are involved in both nuclear and cytoplasmic phases. Besides, strongly basophilic link-like structures are present be-tween adjacent cells or through connective tissue, and virus particles are observed in somewhere of the capsule, thus where may be the spread route of virus from one cell to another or to the environment. The senile lymphocystis cells release virus bv the runture of cells.     

深Ⅱ度烫伤后小型猪皮肤愈合的组织病理学研究

目的 建立猪深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,观察皮肤在不同时间点修复的组织病理学变化。方法 通过使用恒温烫伤仪制备小型猪皮肤深Ⅱ度烫伤创面。分别在第1、3、7、14、21、28天观察皮肤创伤愈合的肉眼形态学变化并进行创面愈合率的测定,根据皮肤组织愈合的规律及实验的可操作性,选择性地在第1、14、28天取样,利用HE、Masson染色及免疫组化CD31染色的方法观察皮肤在不同时间点修复的动态病理学变化。结果 通过对创面愈合率的测定,雄性猪与雌性猪相比,雄性猪烫伤创面的愈合速率较快。烫伤后皮肤组织经不同染色方法证实损伤已累积到真皮深层,达到深Ⅱ度烫伤的标准。在随后选择的第14天和28天,损伤后皮肤组织分别进行了不同程度的组织修复。深Ⅱ度烫伤28 d后,小型猪皮肤已经基本愈合,但皮肤组织还未完全成熟。除表皮各层相对成熟外,真皮层内还未完全形成瘢痕组织。结论 雄性猪与雌性猪相比,雄性猪烫伤创面的愈合速率较快。     

MRI findings in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: correlation with histopathology and clinical staging

Purpose

To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to determine the correlation of MRI findings with histopathology and Mayo End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score.

Materials and Methods

Thirty patients (18 males, 12 females; mean age: 57±8.9 years; age range: 35–71 years) with histopathologically proven NASH who underwent MRI examinations between January 2001 and October 2005 were included in the study. Two radiologists retrospectively reviewed all magnetic resonance (MR) examinations in consensus to evaluate the presence and extent of predetermined findings of NASH including liver steatosis, early patchy liver enhancement indicating inflammation and liver fibrosis. The findings detected on MRI were correlated and compared to histopathological findings and MELD score by using nonparametric Spearman correlation coefficient and Kruskal–Wallis analysis of variance.

Results

Liver steatosis was observed in 10 of 30 patients; early patchy liver enhancement, in 8 of 30 patients and liver fibrosis in 19 of 30 patients on MR images. Liver fibrosis was reticular in all these patients. There were statistically significant moderate correlations between MRI findings of liver steatosis and histopathologic grades of steatosis (r=0.43; P<.05), and between MRI findings of fibrosis and histopathologic stages of fibrosis (r=0.61; P<.001). Early patchy enhancement did not demonstrate statistically significant correlation with inflammation (P=.28). There was no statistically significant overall correlation between MRI findings of NASH and MELD score.

Conclusion

MRI findings of liver steatosis and fibrosis in NASH showed moderate correlations with histopathologic grades of steatosis and stages of fibrosis, but MRI findings of NASH did not demonstrate any significant correlations with MELD score.