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1.
Paul Bankston 《Archive for Mathematical Logic》2006,45(1):97-112
The Chang-Łoś-Suszko theorem of first-order model theory characterizes universal-existential classes of models as just those
elementary classes that are closed under unions of chains. This theorem can then be used to equate two model-theoretic closure
conditions for elementary classes; namely unions of chains and existential substructures. In the present paper we prove a
topological analogue and indicate some applications. 相似文献
2.
不完全信息群体决策专家权重的集结 总被引:8,自引:5,他引:3
本文对于属性权重信息和属性效用信息都不完全的群体多属性决策问题,通过构造属性值区间和运用系统聚类分析法,对群体决策中的专家进行分类,并确定每位专家的权重. 相似文献
3.
田至美 《首都师范大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(3)
拟定了贫困地区经济发展中主导产业选择的五条原则,并提出了选择主导产业的一种方法,即先通过列表评分法求出各产业的优势度,再利用层次分析法确定各产业在合理发展工业中所占的相对地位,最后将两种结果相互参照确定主导产业部门。 相似文献
4.
We present integral-type Darboux transformation for the mKdV hierarchy and for the mKdV hierarchy withself-consistent sources. In contrast with the normal Darboux transformation, the integral-type Darboux transformationscan offer non-auto-Backlund transformation between two (2n 1)-th mKdV equations with self-consistent sources withdifferent degrees. This kind of Darboux transformation enables us to construct the N-soliton solution for the mKdVhierarchy with self-consistent sources. We also propose the formulas for the m times repeated integral-type Darbouxtransformations for both mKdV hierarchy and mKdV hierarchy with self-consistent sources. 相似文献
5.
We employ an agent‐based model to show that memory and the absence of an a priori best strategy are sufficient for self‐segregation and clustering to emerge in a complex adaptive system with discrete agents that do not compete over a limited resource nor contend in a winner‐take‐all scenario. An agent starts from a corner of a two‐dimensional lattice and aims to reach a randomly selected site in the opposite side within the shortest possible time. The agent is isolated during the course of its journey and does not interact with other agents. Time‐bound obstacles appear at random lattice locations and the agent must decide whether to challenge or evade any obstacle blocking its path. The agent is capable of adapting a strategy in dealing with an obstacle. We analyze the dependence of strategy‐retention time with strategy for both memory‐based and memory‐less agents. We derive the equality spectrum to establish the environmental conditions that favor the existence of an a priori best strategy. We found that memory‐less agents do not polarize into two opposite strategy‐retention time distributions nor cluster toward a center distribution. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 9: 41–46, 2004 相似文献
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8.
S Uma Sankar 《Pramana》2006,67(4):655-663
In this talk I review the physics possible at India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO). I discuss the improvement in the precision
of currently known quantities and the possibility measuring the presently unknown quantities. 相似文献
9.
The paper is devoted to statistical nonparametric estimation of multivariate distribution density. The influence of data pre-clustering
on the estimation accuracy of multimodal density is analyzed by means of the Monte Carlo method. It is shown that the soft
clustering is more advantageous than the hard one. While a moderate increase in the number of clusters also increases the
calculation time, it considerably reduces the estimation error. 相似文献
10.
Gerhard Lischke 《Mathematical Logic Quarterly》2006,52(1):20-28
Punctured languages are languages whose words are partial words in the sense that the letters at some positions are unknown. We investigate to which extent restoration of punctured languages is possible if the number of unknown positions or the proportion of unknown positions per word, respectively, is bounded, and we study their relationships for different boundings. The considered restoration classes coincide with similarity classes according to some kind of similarity for languages. Thus all results we can also formulate in the language of similarity. We show some hierarchies of similarity classes for each class from the Chomsky hierarchy and prove the existence of linear languages which are not δ ‐similar to any regular language for any δ < ½. For δ ≥ ½ this is unknown but it could only be possible in the case of non‐slender linear languages. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献