蒜苔保鲜研究

本文通过对经ＧＡ处理及经ＧＡ和２,４－Ｄ共同处理的离体蒜苔在贮藏过程中水分、可溶性糖、纤维素含量的测定,得出经ＧＡ和２,４—Ｄ共同处理蒜苔保鲜效果较好,因为ＧＡ为可明显防止蒜苔衰老和抑制细胞内含物向珠蒜的转移及再利用;２,４－Ｄ可抑制珠蒜的形成．若同时密封袋装保鲜效果更好．     

铝对大蒜根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

用不同浓度的三氯化铝分别处理大蒜根尖6h,18h,24h,结果表明:各处理组均对大蒜根尖细胞有丝分裂产生抑制。随着处理液中铝浓度的升高及处理时间的加长,有丝分裂指数呈现规律性的变化:染毒的根尖细胞有丝分裂指数明显低于对照组,并随着作用时间的延长快速下降,随着浓度的升高先减后增再减,说明三氯化铝具有细胞分裂抑制剂的作用。不同浓度的三氯化铝在不同处理时间内均能诱使大蒜根尖细胞发生染色体畸变。     

Synthesis of Ajoene Analogues by Novel Synthetic Strategies

Ajoene is a compound found in garlic extracts exhibiting a large range of biological activity. Novel ajoene analogues have been prepared in the search of compounds with superior bioactivity. Modifications include the alteration of the sulfoxide, the central alkene and the terminal allyl groups.     

Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling in Genetic Resources of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Collected from Different Geographical Regions

Garlic (Allium sativum) is the second most important Allium crop that has been used as a vegetable and condiment from ancient times due to its characteristic flavor and taste. Although garlic is a sterile plant that reproduces vegetatively through cloves, garlic shows high biodiversity, as well as phenotypic plasticity and environmental adaptation capacity. To determine the possible mechanism underlying this phenomenon and to provide new genetic materials for the development of a novel garlic cultivar with useful agronomic traits, the metabolic profiles in the leaf tissue of 30 garlic accessions collected from different geographical regions, with a special focus on the Asian region, were investigated using LC/MS. In addition, the total saponin and fructan contents in the roots and cloves of the investigated garlic accessions were also evaluated. Total saponin and fructan contents did not separate the garlic accessions based on their geographical origin, implying that saponin and fructan contents were clone-specific and agroclimatic changes have affected the quantitative and qualitative levels of saponins in garlic over a long history of cultivation. Principal component analysis (PCA) and dendrogram clustering of the LC/MS-based metabolite profiling showed two major clusters. Specifically, many Japanese and Central Asia accessions were grouped in cluster I and showed high accumulations of flavonol glucosides, alliin, and methiin. On the other hand, garlic accessions grouped in cluster II exhibited a high accumulation of anthocyanin glucosides and amino acids. Although most of the accessions were not separated based on country of origin, the Central Asia accessions were clustered in one group, implying that these accessions exhibited distinct metabolic profiles. The present study provides useful information that can be used for germplasm selection and the development of new garlic varieties with beneficial biotic and abiotic stress-adaptive traits.     

The Inhibitory Effects of Plant Derivate Polyphenols on the Main Protease of SARS Coronavirus 2 and Their Structure–Activity Relationship

The main protease (M^pro) is a major protease having an important role in viral replication of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the novel coronavirus that caused the pandemic of 2020. Here, active M^pro was obtained as a 34.5 kDa protein by overexpression in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The optimal pH and temperature of M^pro were 7.5 and 37 °C, respectively. M^pro displayed a K_m value of 16 μM with Dabcyl-KTSAVLQ↓SGFRKME-Edans. Black garlic extract and 49 polyphenols were studied for their inhibitory effects on purified M^pro. The IC₅₀ values were 137 μg/mL for black garlic extract and 9–197 μM for 15 polyphenols. The mixtures of tannic acid with puerarin, daidzein, and/or myricetin enhanced the inhibitory effects on M^pro. The structure–activity relationship of these polyphenols revealed that the hydroxyl group in C3′, C4′, C5′ in the B-ring, C3 in the C-ring, C7 in A-ring, the double bond between C2 and C3 in the C-ring, and glycosylation at C8 in the A-ring contributed to inhibitory effects of flavonoids on M^pro.     

Antimicrobial Activities of Plant Extracts against Solanum tuberosum L. Phytopathogens

The purpose of the study was to select an environmentally friendly plant biopesticide to protect seed potatoes against phytopathogens. The scope included the evaluation of the antimicrobial activities of 22 plant water extracts, 22 water-glycol extracts, and 3 subcritical carbon dioxide extracts using the agar diffusion method against 10 potato phytopathogens. For the most effective extracts, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), chemical composition analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and in situ assays on seed potatoes were performed. Garlic water extract was finally selected as the most effective in phytopathogen growth inhibition, both in vitro and in situ, with MIC values ranging between 6.3–25 mg/mL. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural was determined to be the main component of this extract (33.24%). Garlic water extract was proposed as a potential biopesticide against potato phytopathogens.     

Functional characterization of cadmium-responsive garlic gene AsMT2b： A new member of metallothionein family

METALLOTHIONEINS(MT)ARE LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT AND CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEINS.THE FIRST MT PROTEIN WAS ISOLATED FROM EQUINE RENAL CORTEX IN1957[1].GENES EN-CODING MTS OCCUR IN DIVERSE ORGANISMS SUCH AS ANIMALS,HIGHER PLANTS,EUKARYOTIC MICROORGANISMS AND IN SOME…     

氟化钠对大蒜根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

用不同浓度的氟离子分别处理大蒜的根尖，通过常规染色压片技术对大蒜根尖细胞的有丝分裂过程进行了观察。结果表明，当培养液中有较高浓度的氟时，细胞的生长受到明显的抑制，细胞的增殖率明显下降。同时细胞还出现多极化及微核等异常现象，偶有多倍体发生。     

蒜薹薹茎的解剖特征

对蒜薹薹茎进行了扫描电镜和光学显微镜观察，其解剖结构分别为表皮，皮层，其内侧有大量维管束分布在薄壁组织中，蒜薹薹茎表面具有相互平行、平坦或隆起的条形纹饰结构，有丰富的蜡质，表面分布大量气孔，气孔长轴方向与条形纹饰的走向相同，有的气孔下陷或内部被一些物质堵塞。不同产地的蒜薹其解剖结构有一定的差异。