突出矿井瓦斯抽放限制影响因素的AHP-熵权法评价模型

为提高煤与瓦斯突出矿井瓦斯抽放效果,建立了3个一级指标、14个二级指标的突出矿井瓦斯抽放限制影响因素评价指标体系,利用AHP和熵权法分别确定指标因子主、客观权重.通过实地调研分析和反馈验证了AHP-熵权法的可行性和正确性,利用加权平均法确定评价模型的综合权重.研究表明:封孔方式、钻孔半径、抽放时间、煤体裂隙发育程度和抽放负压是目前影响煤矿瓦斯抽放效果的主控因素.     

多级孔板提高井筒气体携液能力实验研究

气井生产时，井底积液会影响气井产量，甚至导致气井停产。加入泡沫剂、更换小直径油管或氮气举升等措施排出井底积液是保证气井生产的重要手段，但造成液体回流的井筒结构并没有变化。改变适合于单相流体的均一井筒结构，降低气液两相流中液体在井筒的回流，提高气体携液能力，形成适用于气液两相流的井筒结构，可以改善气井生产。实验设计了安装于管筒内的类似于倒置漏斗形的多级孔板装置，以井底气体为动能，借助“爬楼梯”原理，利用孔板减少或阻止液体回流，使液体通过多级孔板逐级上升；实验利用气体压缩机提供气源，测试了不同气体流速下，加入孔板对于气体和泡沫携液能力的影响。实验表明，在管筒内加入液体回流限制装置，大幅度地提高了管筒的气体携液能力和排液效果，减少了管筒液体回流量，降低了气体排液和泡沫排液的气体流速临界值。多级孔板可用于气井增产，能够提高气体携液能力，提高泡沫携液效果，降低泡沫剂的使用量和井底残液，但在实际生产中气体流量和装置的匹配性，还有待于在现场试验中进一步验证和优化。     

A sensitive and efficient method for trace analysis of some phenolic compounds using simultaneous derivatization and air‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction from human urine and plasma samples followed by gas chromatography–nitrogen phosphorous detection

In present study, a simultaneous derivatization and air‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction method combined with gas chromatography–nitrogen phosphorous detection has been developed for the determination of some phenolic compounds in biological samples. The analytes are derivatized and extracted simultaneously by a fast reaction with 1‐flouro‐2,4‐dinitrobenzene under mild conditions. Under optimal conditions low limits of detection in the range of 0.05–0.34 ng mL^?1 are achievable. The obtained extraction recoveries are between 84 and 97% and the relative standard deviations are less than 7.2% for intraday (n = 6) and interday (n = 4) precisions. The proposed method was demonstrated to be a simple and efficient method for the analysis of phenols in biological samples. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Recent advances and challenges in the recovery and purification of cellular exosomes

Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by most cellular types that carry important biochemical compounds throughout the body with different purposes, playing a preponderant role in cellular communication. Because of their structure, physicochemical properties and stability, recent studies are focusing in their use as nanocarriers for different therapeutic compounds for the treatment of different diseases ranging from cancer to Parkinson's disease. However, current bioseparation protocols and methodologies are selected based on the final exosome application or intended use and present both advantages and disadvantages when compared among them. In this context, this review aims to present the most important technologies available for exosome isolation while discussing their advantages and disadvantages and the possibilities of being combined with other strategies. This is critical since the development of novel exosome‐based therapeutic strategies will be constrained to the effectiveness and yield of the selected downstream purification methodologies for which a thorough understanding of the available technological resources is needed.     

Identification of metabolic markers in patients with type 2 Diabetes by Ultrafast gas chromatography coupled to electronic nose. A pilot study

Metabolomics is a potential tool for the discovery of new biomarkers in the early diagnosis of diseases. An ultra-fast gas chromatography system equipped to an electronic nose detector (FGC eNose) was used to identify the metabolomic profile of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) urine from Mexican population. A cross-sectional, comparative, and clinical study with translational approach was performed. We recruited twenty T2D patients and twenty-one healthy subjects. Urine samples were taken and analyzed by FGC eNose. Eighty-eight compounds were identified through Kovats's indexes. A natural variation of 30% between the metabolites, expressed by study groups, was observed in Principal Component 1 and 2 with a significant difference (p < 0.001). The model, performed through a Canonical Analysis of Principal coordinated (CAP), allowed a correct classification of 84.6% between healthy and T2D patients, with a 15.4% error. The metabolites 2-propenal, 2-propanol, butane- 2,3-dione and 2-methylpropanal, were increased in patients with T2D, and they were strongly correlated with discrimination between clinically healthy people and T2D patients. This study identified metabolites in urine through FGC eNose that can be used as biomarkers in the identification of T2D patients. However, more studies are needed for its implementation in clinical practice.     

Crosslinked poly(ethylene oxide) containing siloxanes fabricated through thiol‐ene photochemistry

Homogenous amphiphilic crosslinked polymer films comprising of poly(ethylene oxide) and polysiloxane were synthesized utilizing thiol‐ene “ click ” photochemistry. A systematic variation in polymer composition was Carried out to obtain high quality films with varied amount of siloxane and poly(ethylene oxide). These films showed improved gas separation performance with high gas permeabilities with good CO₂/N₂ selectivity. Furthermore, the resulting films were also tested for its biocompatibility, as a carrier media which allow human adult mesenchymal stem cells to retain their capacity for osteoblastic differentiation after transplantation. The obtained crosslinked films were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR, Raman‐IR , and small angle X‐ray scattering. The synthesis ease and commercial availability of the starting materials suggests that these new crosslinked polymer networks could find applications in wide range of applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 1548–1557     

Physical aging in amorphous poly(ethylene furanoate): Enthalpic recovery,density, and oxygen transport considerations

The current work utilizes three separate techniques to study the physical aging process in amorphous poly(ethylene furanoate) (PEF), which is a recently introduced engineering thermoplastic with enhanced properties compared to petroleum‐sourced poly(ethylene terephthalate). Differential scanning calorimetry aging experiments were conducted at multiple aging temperatures and times, and the resultant enthalpic recovery values compared to the theoretical maximum enthalpy loss evaluated from calculations involving extrapolation of the equilibrium liquid line. Density measurements reveal densification of the matrix for the aged versus unaged samples, and provide an estimate for the reduction in free volume for the aged samples. Complementary oxygen permeation and pressure‐decay sorption experiments provide independent verification of the free volume reduction mechanism for physical aging in glassy polymers. The current work provides the first detailed aging study for PEF. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2015 , 53, 389–399     

家用燃气器具安全性分析

文章从产品质量、安装维修、安全使用等方面对家用燃气器具的安全性进行了分析。     

新型流量传感器在呼吸机上的应用

介绍了AWM720P1新型气体流量传感器的工作原理、性能、特点．针对呼吸机的工作特点，分析了IPPV的流速模型、流速的测量方法、传感器的校正数据处理方法．     

弱相互作用下原子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

从理论上分析提出了弱相互作用下Bose体系的BEC理论，并由此来解释液^4He的超流性。通过深入对比理想Bose气体和弱相互作用下Bose体系发生BEC性质的不同，分析得出了凝聚体系粒子间相互作用的有无是导致二者性质不同的主要原因。