Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A Bio-Friendly or Bio-Hazard Chemical? The Effect of DMSO in Human Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes

The effect of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) has been studied on five different samples harvested from the joints (fingers, hands and pelvis) of five women with RA. At high concentrations (>5%), the presence of DMSO induces the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP-1, two phenomena associated with the cell death mechanism. Even at a 0.5% concentration of DMSO, MTT assays show a strong toxicity after 24 h exposure (≈25% cell death). Therefore, to ensure a minimum impact of DMSO on RA FLSs, our study shows that the concentration of DMSO has to be below 0.05% to be considered safe.     

CD305分子在类风湿关节炎滑膜成纤维细胞中的表达

目的：研究CD305分子在类风湿关节炎滑膜中的表达。方法：通过免疫组织化学染色方法分别检测CD305分子在类风湿关节炎（Rheumatoid arthritis,RA）、骨性关节炎（Osteoarthritis,OA）和正常创伤患者滑膜中的分布规律。结果：在RA组,CD305分子在所有患者滑膜组织中均有表达。在OA组,CD305分子在部分患者滑膜组织中表达。而在正常患者中,CD305分子在大部分滑膜组织中不表达,仅在部分样本边缘处有少量表达。结论：CD305分子在RA患者滑膜组织中表达高于正常创伤患者,且主要在里衬层（lining layer）滑膜成纤维细胞(fibroblast-like synoviocytes, FLS) 上高表达。     

Heat and hyposmotic stimulation increase in [Ca^2＋]i by Ca^2＋ influx in rat synoviocytes

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA）, which is marked by inflammatory synovitis, is a common, chronic autoimmune-disease, whose pathogenesis is complex and still unclear. In order to explore the effects of heat and hyposmotic stimuli on synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis, the changes of [Ca^2＋]i induced by heat, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli were observed in synoviocytes. [Ca^2＋]i elevation induced by heat 28℃, hyposmotic and 4α-PDD stimuli is found to be positively relative to increasing temperature, decreasing osmolality and rising concentration of 4α-PDD. Results show that there is reciprocity among these stimuli and desensitization, and that [Ca^2＋]i elevation depends on Ca^2＋ influx, but not necessarily links to Ca^2＋ release from intracellular stores and voltage-dependent Ca^2＋ channel in synoviocytes. The above characteristics of Ca^2＋ influx are similar to those of TRPV4. A probable mechanism has been suggested that heat and hyposmotic stimulation might increase the level of [Ca^2＋]i by activating the TRPV4-like channel and Ca^2＋ influx in the synoviocytes.     

滑膜细胞[Ca2＋]i变化的理论模型研究

以滑膜细胞内钙离子浓度变化为研究对象,通过分析整合影响滑膜细胞内钙离子浓度变化的模块来建立滑膜细胞[Ca2+]i变化的理论模型.先考虑参与钙调节的质膜上钙泵、内质网上钙泵和渗漏、IP3受体、Na+/K+泵、延迟整流钾通道、TRPV1通道等各个模块在网络中的作用,确定钙调控过程中各模块的数学模型.在此基础上,引入钙缓冲系统的参量,并重点突出[Ca2+]i和膜电位的相互作用,建立起滑膜细胞上胞浆[Ca2+]i变化的动力学模型.最后,调整模型参数,使得模型处于稳定的初始状态,并保证模型参数的取值在合理的范围,给出滑膜细胞响应刺激所对应的[Ca2+]i随时间变化的模拟结果,并简要分析了某些参数对模型的影响.研究结果表明:IP3受体的调控机制在辣椒素刺激滑膜细胞胞浆[Ca2+]i变化的动力学模型中有明显作用;[Ca2+]i和膜电位的相互作用对滑膜细胞钙网络调控至关重要;质膜上钙泵的密度、活性,IP3受体通道密度,TRPV1通道密度等的变化对[Ca2+]i模拟曲线形状有明显影响.