流线型挤出模曲面构造

根据塑料挤出的特点，在编程实现对型材截面轮廓凸凹性自动判断的基础上，采用射线法与比例间隔法相结合的方法，确定流道入口圆周上型值点的位置．以三次多项式作为流道模腔型曲线的数学模型，依据流线型要求给出的初始、边界条件，得出型曲线的数学方程．构建了挤出模流道的三维参数化曲面模型．有限元分析结果显示，该方法创建的流线型流道模型，其流动稳定性和平顺性都优于直线型流道．     

三型聚丙烯管材挤出工艺探讨

文章结合PP－R成型设备的特点和PP－R原料的性能，对管材的挤出工艺进行了比较详细的分析，通过对挤出成型中重要的工艺参数的影响进行了研究。     

三角形速度场解析平面变形辊拔与辊挤

文章对平面变形辊拔与辊挤问题建立了运动许可的三角形速度场并获得上界解析解。该解与 Avitzur 以连续速度场得到的上界解进行比较表明,有时本文解法可得到更低的上界值。     

Measurement and prediction of solubilities and diffusion coefficients of carbon dioxide in starch–water mixtures at elevated pressures

The solubility and diffusion coefficient of carbon dioxide in intermediate‐moisture starch–water mixtures were determined both experimentally and theoretically at elevated pressures up to 16 MPa at 50 °C. A high‐pressure decay sorption system was assembled to measure the equilibrium CO₂ mass uptake by the starch–water system. The experimentally measured solubilities accounted for the estimated swollen volume by Sanchez–Lacombe equation of state (S‐L EOS) were found to increase almost linearly with pressure, yielding 4.0 g CO₂/g starch–water system at 16 MPa. Moreover, CO₂ solubilities above 5 MPa displayed a solubility increase, which was not contributed by the water fraction in the starch–water mixture. The solubilities, however, showed no dependence on the degree of gelatinization (DG) of starch. The diffusion coefficient of CO₂ was found to increase with concentration of dissolved CO₂, which is pressure‐dependent, and decrease with increasing DG in the range of 50–100%. A free‐volume‐based diffusion model proposed by Areerat was employed to predict the CO₂ diffusivity in terms of pressure, temperature, and the concentration of dissolved CO₂. S‐L EOS was once more used to determine the specific free volume of the mixture system. The predicted diffusion coefficients showed to correlate well with the measured values for all starch–water mixtures. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 607–621, 2006     

切削刀具倒棱刃口挤压力的理论计算

根据试验观察．揭出了刀具刃口带负倒棱时的切削模型。在此模型中,刀具刃口 存在一个“金属死区”。以新模型为基础．采用能量法,对高温、高应变率下刀具刃 口的挤压力进行了理论计算。所做工作的特点是：１）在材料变形分析中计入了挤压 层金属绕过刀具刃口时的过剩变形;２）进行有关材料变形与物理特性的计算时,考 虑了温度与应变率的影响。利用新研制的压电式切削测力仪进行验证试验,其结果表 明,理论计算值与实测数据较好一致。     

Influence of thermal and thermo-mechanical treatment

Two lipids with similar melting ranges but of different composition were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. The lipids were processed via extrusion or were tempered at different temperatures; they were analyzed directly after extrusion and after storage at 40°C. Precirol ATO 5® showed high sensitivity to storage time and varied temperature exposure. Extrusion showed only marginal influences on the solid state. Melting peaks were narrower and shifted to higher temperatures in comparison to the untreated powder. Dynasan 114® was more robust, changes in the solid state could only be shown for samples treated above the melting range. Thus, Dynasan 114® is more appropriate for solid lipid extrusion of pharmaceutical products.     

IMPROVED PROPERTIES OF METALLOCENE-CATALYZED LINEAR LOW-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE/POLYPROPYLENE BLENDS DURING ULTRASONIC EXTRUSION

Metallocene-catalyzed linear low-density polyethylene/polypropylene （mLLDPE/PP） blends were prepared by ultrasonic extrusion in this work. Their extrusion processing behaviors were estimated by online measured data, such as the die pressure and flow rate. Crystallization and mechanical properties of the blends were also investigated. The results show that the addition of PP improves the processing behaviors of mLLDPE, but has little effect on its mechanical properties. On the other hand, the addition of mLLDPE improves the impact strength of PP, but has little effect on its processing behavior. The processing behaviors and mechanical properties of mLLDPE/PP blends get further improved due to the presence of ultrasonic oscillation during extrusion. Compared with PP-rich blends, the apparent viscosity drop of mLLDPE-rich blends is more sensitive to ultrasonic oscillation. The ultrasonic oscillation affects the crystal nucleation, while barely the other crystalline behaviors of the blends.     

Reductive sulfur extrusion reaction of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole compounds: a new methodology using NaBH4/CoCl2·6H2O(cat) as the reducing system

A new simple and efficient methodology for reductive sulfur extrusion from 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole compounds has been developed using NaBH₄ in the presence of catalytic amounts of CoCl₂·6H₂O (1 mol %). This method is an efficient alternative for the generation of various 1,4-disubstituted-2,3-diaminobenzene derivatives from 4,7-disubstituted-2,1,3-benzothiadiazoles. The diamines can be easily converted into 4,7-disubstituted-quinoxaline compounds by simple reaction with glyoxal-sodium bisulfite.     

Solid state extrusion of thermoplastic elastomers 4

A solid state extrusion technique is applied as to produce oriented block copoly(ether ester) under various physical conditions. The morphology of the extruded samples is characterized in relation to the extrusion parameters and hard segment compositions of the polymer, using thermal analysis and X-ray methods. The lateral dimensions of the crystalline domains are found to be approximately 150 Å depending on the extrusion conditions. The statistics of the long range periodicity of the structure along the extrusion direction is in agreement with a one-dimensional two phase model, the crystalline portion of which does not vary much in thickness (35 – 45 Å). The unexpected increase in the long period and the thermal shrinkage suggest the existence of strained interlamellar amorphous chains (tie molecules). The observed variations in tensile properties are interpreted under the assumption that both the number of such tie molecules and their fully extended lengths are determined by the hard segment composition and the extrusion conditions. It is also argued that the increase in the glass transition temperature is not only a function of the composition of hard segments in the amorphous phase but also of the number of strained tie molecules.Herrn Dr. Dr. h. c. H. Hellmann zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.Part 3 cf. lit [11]