Developmental modes of the Neoproterozoic-Lower Paleozoic marine hydrocarbon source rocks in China

Based on the researches on rock type, the mode of occurrence, diagnostic minerals and creatures, the sedimentary geochemistry and organic facies of Chinese marine source rocks from wells and outcrops, and on the research findings of developmental modes of foreign marine source rock, the authors consider that it is impossible to objectively make clear the formation mechanism of hydrocarbon source rock with high organic matter abundance by either single mode of preservation or high organic matter productivity. According to the Chinese geological features, the formation mechanism of the Neoproterozoic-Lower Paleozoic marine source rock is generalized into four modes, namely, thermal water activity-upwelling flow-anoxic; carbonate gentle slope-upwelling flow; xerothermic climate-brine euxinic milieu; and humid climate-retained euxinic milieu; as the Lower Cambrian undercompensation basin organic facies （the Tarim Basin, South China and southwestern margin of North China）, carbonate gentle lime mud bound organic facies （the Upper Ordovician in Tazhong region of the Tarim Basin and the Lower Silurian in the Upper Yangtze Platform）, the Middle Cambrian evaporation laggon organic facies （the Tarim Basin and the Upper Yangtze Platform）, enclosed undercompensation terrigenous bay organic facies （the Middle-Upper Ordovician in the west of the Tarim Basin, the Lower Silurian Long- maxi Formation in the Upper Yangtze platform）. Chinese marine sedimentations with lower organic matter abundance are generalized into two modes of consumption-dilution mode of open epicontinental sea and depletion-dilution mode of supercompensation basin.     

巢湖地区早三叠世晚斯密斯亚期含鱼化石碳酸盐岩结核的地球化学特征及其地质意义

以安徽省巢湖地区下三叠统和龙山组顶部的黑色泥页岩段及其产出的含鱼化石碳酸盐岩结核为研究对象, 综合岩相学、地球化学(主微量元素和碳、氧同位素)和环境矿物学等分析手段, 探讨富有机质页岩中含鱼化石碳酸盐岩结核的形成机制及可能的地质环境指示意义。结核中心三维保存的鱼化石和较高的碳酸盐含量(80%)表明结核形成于早期成岩阶段, 结核内部呈同心环状结构, 从中心至边缘, 碳酸盐矿物含量降低, 硅质碎屑矿物增多并逐渐出现纹层, Fe和S含量升高、δ¹³C值增高、δ¹⁸O值降低和TOC含量逐渐增多等特征均表明结核为同心生长模式。对围岩中草莓状黄铁矿的粒径分析结果表明, 结核形成于硫化还原环境。结核出现在斯密斯亚阶与斯帕斯亚阶界线(SSB)之下1 m处, 与界线层有机碳埋藏增加、碳同位素组成快速正漂移(δ¹³C = -1.3‰~1.9‰)和水体硫化还原事件吻合, 有潜力作为华南地区SSB的辅助识别标志。     

黔南泥盆纪停滞缺氧盆地的生物相模式及沉积水深和古坡度的确定

黔南泥盆纪沉积盆地是一个停滞缺氧盆地。本文提出该停滞缺氧盆地的生物相模式,并运用它确定了该盆地沉积时水深和古坡度,解释了某些沉积层序的韵律性变化。