Hydraulic activity of C4A3Cr in presence of C4A3S

This paper deals with synthesis and assessment of the hydraulicity of C₄A₃Cr, analog phase C₄A₃S to , relevant to the phase chemistry and properties of sulfoaluminate cements. C₄A₃Cr, synthesized at 1250 °C is well crystallized phase, latently hydraulic, with hydration accelerated in the presence of C₄A₃S, or CS. Calorimetric curves show reciprocal influence of sulfate and chromate phase in hydration of C₄A₃S-C₄A₃Cr system. The total heat expressed at hydration is nearly the same for all specimens, but the rate of heat evolution depends on the ratio of C₄A₃S/C₄A₃Cr phases. X-ray diffraction pattern and DTA curves showed that, increasing content of C₄A₃Cr in hydrating mixture results in a coexistence of two types of ettringite (chromate and sulfate ettringite) hydrogarnet, gibbsite and monosulfate. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Resistance of supersulfated cement to strong sulfate solutions

One of the principal uses of supersulfated cement has been for structures exposed to sea water and sulfate bearing ground waters. The resistance to such environments has been related to the absence of calcium hydroxide and the combination of much of the free alumina into ettringite during hydration. This paper reports the resistance of SSC to sulfate solutions in which ettringite has been decomposed. Prism samples were subjected to initial water storage at 25°C for both 28 days and 6 months. Samples were also cured for 6 months at 95°C and at both 11% and 100% R.H. The control samples of 28 days were compared with the 6 months samples of a more mature undecomposed SSC paste. After curing the prisms were measured and all the samples were immersed in three sulfate solutions (0.7M Na₂SO₄ , 0.7M MgSO₄ and saturated CaSO₄), and water at the same time. Measurements of linear expansion over 6 months were carried out. Core and surface material following immersion was examined by DTG and XRD. The study indicated that SSC is resistant to sodium and calcium sulfate solutions. Strong magnesium sulfate solutions decomposed the samples under all conditions. A possible mechanism for this attack is suggested. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

明矾石-石膏复合膨胀剂

对以明矾石和石膏两种原料复合的膨胀剂进行了配方优化和水泥净浆膨胀掺加量试验研究。通过对试样的SEM和XRD进行分析简要探讨了AG复合膨胀剂的膨胀机理。     

含钡钙矾石相的量子化学研究

钙矾石是水泥的主要水化产物之一，含钡钙矾石相是新水泥矿物含钡硫铝酸钙的主要水化产物，它们是水泥石强度的主要来源。本文利用新发展起来的量子化学ＳＣＣ—ＤＶ—Ｘａ方法对钙矾石相和含钡钙矾石相进行了研究，获得了分子结构的键级、集居数、净电行和共价键级等数据。结果表明：两矿物结构中Ａｌ—Ｏ键的化学参数变化不大，差异较大的是钙矾石中Ｃａ—Ｏ键和含钡钙矾石中Ｂａ—Ｏ键的键级和共价键级。认为Ｂａ—Ｏ键的键级和共价键级大于Ｃａ－Ｏ键是含钡硫铝酸钙水化强度大于硫铝酸钙的主要原因之一。     

碳硫硅酸钙型硫酸盐侵蚀测试方法

碳硫硅酸钙和钙矾石有着很相似的晶体结构及形貌,常规测试中容易将二者混淆.在分析二者物相结构的基础上,介绍和评价了电子显微分析和成分分析、X射线衍射分析、红外和拉曼光谱分析、热分析、核磁共振等测试方法在碳硫硅酸钙型硫酸盐侵蚀研究中的应用特点和不足.电子显微分析和成分分析的结合以及单一的热分析能初步判定腐蚀产物中碳硫硅酸钙的存在,X射线衍射分析很难区分二者,红外、拉曼光谱以及核磁共振能确定硅氧八面体的存在,从而证明存在碳硫硅酸钙,因此研究中宜采用多种测试方法.     

Chromium(III)-Ettringite Formation and its Thermal Stability

Attempts have been made to replace aluminium(III) by chromium(III) in the ettringite structure because of practical importance of a waste treatment technology. The optimum conditions of Ca₆[Cr(OH)₆]₂(SO₄)₃⋅26H₂O formation and its thermal stability are reported. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

钙矾石碳化反应速控步骤活化能

用静态法测定钙矾石碳化率ｘ与时间ｔ的关系曲线，采用初始反应数值测定控制步骤基元反应活化能。结果表明：在通常条件下钙矾石极易被碳化，要防止碳化必须设法毒化钙矾石对水的吸附中心。     

Chemical effects of heavy metals on the hydration of calcium sulphoaluminate 4CaO·3Al2O3·SO3

The system 4CaO·3Al₂O₃·SO₃-CaSO₄·2H₂O-Ca(OH)₂ was hydrated in the presence of ten dopants, specifically soluble salts of heavy metals.When added in 10% amount, the effect of each salt is strongly evident at shorter curing times, the hydration kinetics being more favoured in the order Pb(NO₃)₂2CrO₄< Cd(NO₃)₂< Zn(NO₃)₂t~Mn(NO₃)₃=K₂MoO₄3)₂3)₂3)₃3)₃. At longer curing times the differences among the systems decrease significantly.The 28-day compressive strength is almost the same for all the systems except those containing Pb(NO₃)₂, K₂MoO₄ and K₂CrO₄.     

水泥浆体中氯盐阳离子种类对游离氯离子浓度的影响

研究了不同阳离子氯盐作用下, 水泥净浆中游离氯离子浓度和结合氯离子浓度的变化, 并通过X射线衍射技术和电镜扫描分析技术观察其微观状态. 结果表明: 掺氯化钠的试件中游离氯离子浓度更高, 钙离子对氯离子的结合能力更强; 氯化钙比氯化钠更易与水泥熟料发生反应, 生成水化产物Friendel复盐和C-S-H凝胶; 掺氯化钙的试块表面晶体更为细密且结构多样.     

Study by thermogravimetry of the evolution of ettringite phase during type II Portland cement hydration

Thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) have been used by the authors as very effective tools to study hydration steps of cements used for solidification/stabilization of tanning wastes. The present paper presents a method which was applied to separate the peaks shown by DTG curves of type II Portland cement pastes, analyzed at different times during the first 4 weeks of setting. Through a specific software a more detailed study of the evolution of the cement hydration may be done, which allows the measurement of the amount of hydrated water present in tobermorite gel as well as in ettringite, which are the main phases formed from the original components of the cement. The number of moles of water present in the ettringite phase calculated by the method is in very good agreement with the values found in the literature, validating the method to calculate the same parameter in tobermorite gel. In the latter case the water content decreases significantly during the first day of hydration, then remains at a constant value over the rest of the analyzed period.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.