垂直弹射系统弹射初始阶段内流场数值分析

针对燃气活塞弹射装置在垂直发射系统中的应用,采用计算流体软件Fluent的源项法,用UDF(用户自定义函数)编译来实现火药燃气的质量、动量、能量向高压室的注入,对弹射初始阶段高压室和低压室内燃气流场进行了数值分析,得出以下结论:高压室压力在破膜前快速上升,破膜后缓慢上升的趋势,在高压上下两端压力应力集中,低压室呈中间和两端压力应力集中现象,同时高压室形成的低速燃气经导管产生激波形成超声速燃气流撞击低压室,并分析了压力和速度对弹射装置的影响。计算结果表明,该方法能够较好地仿真弹射装置燃气流场的特性,为弹射装置优化设计和装药设计提供理论依据。     

Chemical mass shifts in resonance ejection experiments in the quadrupole ion trap

Chemical mass shifts were measured in a Paul ion trap operated in the mass-selective instability scan with resonance ejection using a custom-built instrument. These shifts, which can be as much as 2%, decrease with increasing endcap electrode separation owing to changes in the higher order contributions to the electric field. They also decrease with decreasing helium buffer gas pressure. Both of these effects are analogous to those found with boundary ejection. This suggests that the previously proposed chemical mass shift mechanism based on compound-dependent collisional modification of the ejection delay produced by field faults near the endcap electrode apertures holds true also for resonance ejection. The influence of the resonance frequency on chemical mass shifts was also investigated and it is shown that at certain working points (values of the Mathieu parameter q(z) and a(z)) non-linear resonances greatly reduce the ejection delay for all ions, regardless of their chemical structures, and thus reduce the magnitude of the chemical mass shift. Energetic collisions leading to dissociation can take place at an earlier stage during the ejection process in the mass analysis scan when using resonance ejection compared with boundary ejection. This leads to even larger chemical mass shifts of fragile ions in resonance ejection. Increasing the resonance voltage amplitude can enhance this effect. The chemical mass shifts of fragile ions increase with increase in the resonance voltage amplitude, whereas negligible changes occur for structurally stable ions.     

基于小波变换的弹射加速度滤波分析

根据小波分解与重构理论，对弹射加速度信号进行多尺度的小波变换，即用不同中心频率的带通滤波器对信号滤波，把主要反映噪声频率的那些尺度的小波变换去掉，再把剩余各尺度的小波变换结合起来，作小波重构变换，从而得到较好地抑制了噪声的信号。     

基于全卷积网络的左心室射血分数自动检测

提出了一种基于全卷积网络(fully convolutional networks, FCN)的左心室射血分数自动估测的方法.利用全卷积网络对心脏磁共振图像中的左心室进行内轮廓分割,计算心脏左心室在一个心动周期中各时间点的容积,提取左心室舒张末期与收缩末期的容积,最后推导出左心室的射血分数.使用700组图片对全卷积网络进行训练以及440组图片进行测试,并将最后计算结果与美国国立卫生研究院和儿童国家医疗中心提供的射血分数(ejection fraction, EF)金标准进行了对比,计算准确率为89.8%,结果处在合理的误差范围内.     

基于伪码测距的弹射试验测试系统

提出了一套基于伪码测距的弹射试验测试系统设计方案.将GPS定位和精密授时与伪码测距相结合用于弹射试验的测试,在保证测试精度前提下,提高了数据更新率,适应了弹射试验高动态测试的要求.机载测站与地面多个基站构成测试数据链路,采用伪码测距获取原始数据,测试系统的时标和空间参考坐标由基站的GPS模块进行自动标定.事后解算处理获得定位数据.测距定位的精度受测试系统几何布局的影响,详细分析了在伪码测距误差既定的情况下,测试基站的布局对测试定位精度的影响,对测场范围内的测量误差分布进行了仿真计算,并根据误差分布给出了合理的测试基站布局.     

双温冰箱压缩／喷射式混合制冷循环的分析

通过对双温冰箱压缩／喷射式混合制冷循环系统的分析阐明了混合循环的节能原理，同时推导了混合制冷循环的理想制冷系数．理论计算表明混合制冷循环系统的效率比简单制冷循环的高．     

Effects of phase explosion in pulsed laser deposition of nickel thin film and sub-micron droplets

Nickel (Ni) thin films were deposited on glass substrates in high vacuum and at room temperature with third-harmonic or 355-nm output from a nanosecond Nd:YAG laser. At low laser fluence of 1 J/cm², the deposition rate was about 0.0016 nm/shot which increased linearly until 4 J/cm². Above 4 J/cm², the onset of phase explosion in the ablation abruptly increased the optical emission intensity from laser-produced Ni plume as well as thin-film deposition rate by about 6×. The phase explosion also shifted the size distribution and number density of Ni droplets on its thin-film surface. On the other hand, the surface structures of the ablated Ni targets were compared between the scan-mode and the fixed-mode ablations, which may suggest that droplets observed on the thin-film surface were caused by direct laser-induced splashing of molten Ni rather than vapour-to-cluster condensation during the plume propagation.     

运动参数惯性测量模拟弹设计与实验

在研制弹射式发射架的过程中,为了确保在高速飞行器上发射导弹的安全,需要预先在实验室内对发射架的弹射运动参数进行测试研究。而弹射分离过程时间短(仅为30～40 ms)、测量参数多(共18个运动和姿态参数),如何对其参数进行测量就成为一个研究重点。设计完成的弹射实验用模拟导弹是一种专用测试设备,它完全模拟真实导弹的机械特性,内部设计装有微型惯性测量系统(MIMS),可以在弹射过程中完全自主地对所有运动参数和姿态变化进行惯性测量,实验表明测量精度达到3%以内。其中应用的MIMS是惯性测量技术在该领域的创新型应用,具有测量范围大(±500(°)/s)、动态性能好(最高可达4 kHz)、操作简便等优势。