地理国情普查地表覆盖内业解译的质量问题研究

地表覆盖内业解译是地理国情普查的一道重要工序。地理国情地表覆盖内业解译现存图斑平面位置精度不足、分类错误多种多样等普遍问题,问题突出典型。文中针对这些问题图文并茂、清晰明了的进行了说明,并从多方面分析问题产生的原因,提出加强对技术指标和采集原则的学习和理解,加强内业与外业的结合,充分发挥解译样本的作用等建议,以有效提高内业解译的质量。     

Roles of SiH4 and SiF4 in growth and structural changes of poly-Si films

The structural properties of polycrystalline silicon films, prepared by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system, with different flow rates of SiH₄/SiF₄ mixtures at 300 °C were investigated. This study indicates that the low hydrogen coverage on the growing surface, under optimum fluorine radicals, will be leaded to an improvement of crystallized area as compared with case of high hydrogen coverage surface. Moreover, the studies of the role of SiH₄ and SiF₄ radicals show that the SiH₄ radicals are important in the nucleation and growth of grains. However, SiF₄ radicals are effective in the structural change of grain boundaries regions and by this way, in the present system, establish the growth of grains under the dominant 〈1 1 0〉 direction. The stress investigation indicates that addition of high flow rate of SiF₄ in amorphous film, results in the nearly stress free films. Finally, we found that the changes in g-value reflect the changes in the intrinsic compressive and tensile stress in the both polycrystalline and amorphous silicon films.     

On the influence of the surfactant''s polar group on the local and terminal velocities of bubbles

The local and the terminal velocities, the size and the degree of bubbles’ shape deformations were determined as a function of distance from the position of the bubble formation (capillary orifice) in solutions of n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide, n-octyldimethylphosphine oxide, n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside and n-octanoic acid.

These surface-active compounds have different polar groups but an identical hydrocarbon chain (C8) in the molecule. The motion of the bubbles was monitored and recorded using a stroboscopic illumination, a CCD camera, and a JVC professional video. The recorded bubble images were analyzed by the image analysis software. The bubbles accelerated rapidly and their shape was deformed immediately after detachment from the capillary. The extent of the bubbles’ shape deformation (ratio of horizontal and vertical diameters) was 1.5 in distilled water and dropped rapidly down to a level of ca. 1.05–1.03 with increasing surfactant concentration. After the acceleration period the bubbles either attained a constant value of the terminal velocity (distilled water and high concentrations of the solutions), or a maximum in the velocity profiles was observed (low concentrations). The values of the terminal velocity diminished drastically with increasing concentration, from the value of 35 cm/s in water down to about 15 cm/s, while the bubble diameter decreased by ca. 10% only. The surfactant adsorption at the surface of the bubbles was evaluated and the minimum adsorption coverages required to immobilize the bubbles’ surface were determined. It was found that this minimum adsorption coverage was ca. 4% for n-octyldimethylphosphine oxide, n-octyl-β-D-glucopyranoside, n-octanoic acid and 25% for n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide. The difference in the adsorption coverage together with the surfactants’ surface activities indicate that it is mainly the adsorption kinetics of the surfactants that governs the fluidity of interfaces of the rising bubbles.     

Random and cooperative sequential adsorption on infinite ladders and strips

We analyze various processes where particles are added irreversibly and sequentially at the sites of infinite ladders or broader strips (i.e., on terraces) of adsorption sites. For sufficiently narrow strips or ladders, exact solution in closed form is possible for a variety of processes. Often this is most naturally achieved by mapping the process onto an equivalent one-dimensional process typically involvingcompetitive adsorption. We demonstrate this procedure for sequential adsorption with nearest-neighbor exclusion on a 2× square ladder. For other select processes on strips slightly too broad for exact solution, almost exact analysis is possible exploiting an empty-site shielding property. In this way, we determine a jamming coverage of 0.91556671 for random sequential adsorption of dimers on a 2× square ladder. For broader strips, we note that the complexity of these problems quickly approaches that for × lattices.     

一种高效覆盖的节点放置算法

提出了一种新的高效覆盖的节点放置方法．该算法的目的是使传感器的数目最优化，并确定能支持分布式传感器网络的传感器的配置，其基本思路是剔除局部冗余，提升整体性能．最后通过仿真与已有的算法进行比较，展示了其性能的优越性．     

基于活动对象的面向对象测试策略研究

提出基于活动对象的面向对象测试策略，给出三种覆盖标准，用以处理由面向对象新特性带来的问题。其中，所有定义-使用对覆盖标准主要用于指导测试设计者设计验证对象生存期的动态行为的测试用例；所有绑定覆盖标准主要用于解决继承和多态问题，以及执行了哪个绑定；所有交互覆盖标准主要用于解决方法间的数据共享问题。     

SRAM的一种可测性设计

用ETCO算法对SRAM进行了内建自测试设计．首先说明了设计的原理，进而对电路中所用的各个单元电路进行了设计，主要包括地址计数器、数据计数器和BIST控制器等．设计出的电路可针对具体的故障模型设置相应的测试长度，从而获得预期的故障覆盖率．测试时不需存储正确响应，并可通过一个响应标志位表示检测的结果．可测性部分对电路硬件的开销较小，所设计的电路在工作站上已成功通过仿真，此电路可广泛应用于嵌入式SRAM，以降低电路的测试难度．     

用动力学模型评估抗药物治疗覆盖率和剂量对流感控制成本的影响

通过建立常微分方程模型SLI_TI_NR_TR_N,分析治疗覆盖率和药物剂量对控制再生数和控制成本的影响.结果表明,要想抗病毒药物作为治疗措施能控制流行病的传播,治疗覆盖率必须达到0.5以上.治疗覆盖率不同时,使控制成本最低的药剂量不同,即为了最小化控制成本,只需分发适当的药剂量即可,如果此时还增加药剂量的分配,仅是增加成本和浪费宝贵的药物资源而已.这些结论为传染病防治乃至突发卫生事件的应对和卫生管理提供了重要的决策依据.     

基于空地协同采样的植被覆盖度随机森林估算方法

基于无人机高光谱影像,建立地形复杂地区植被覆盖度的非参数随机森林回归估算模型。为获得构建随机森林模型所需的足够数量的训练样本,利用低空无人机搭载的光学相机,在从地面难以到达的山地、水域和植被茂密区,通过垂直拍摄获得厘米分辨率的航拍影像,作为对地面样方采样的补充。首先计算地面数码相机照片和无人机可见光影像的红绿蓝植被指数(red-green-bluevegetationindex,RGBVI),然后使用大津分割法提取样方的植被覆盖信息,得到构建模型所需的训练样本。在此基础上,基于2018年8月16—18日在内蒙古自治区察右中旗油娄沟矿区获取的GaiaSky-mini2无人机高光谱影像数据,利用递归特征消除算法优选参与随机森林回归的特征变量集,利用空地协同获取的训练样本构建植被覆盖度的随机森林回归估算模型。该模型在测试集上的确定系数R2为0.923,均方根误差为0.087,优于常用的像元二分模型,可用于矿区植被动态信息的精细化监测。