绿色环保纤维的开发与应用

介绍了目前国内外绿色环保纤维开发应用现状及其发展趋势，并对几种绿色纤维进行了详细介绍．     

J14.6tex纯棉精梳纱成纱质量的工艺分析

通过对纯棉J14．6tex精梳纱生产工艺流程的合理设置和工艺参数调整，力求多唛头组织配棉生产：强化质量控制措施，达到降低产品成本提高产品质量的目的，这是提高企业经济效益和社会效益的一个有效办法。     

超声波在还原染料染色中的应用研究

本文是继文献[1]、[2]之后,对超声波染色进行理论分析的实践证明之后,以还原染料上染纯棉织物的小试入手,讨论了超声波对还原染料染色的可能性。结果表明,采用超声波染色技术,不但可以提高染料的上染百分率,增加匀染、透染性,还可以实现织物的低温短时间染色,同时还可以采用较少的染料获得实验所要求的色泽深度。具有广阔的发展前景。     

中浓纸浆在反应器内的流动特性研究

中浓纸浆是一种非常特殊的介质,中浓纸浆在升流式反应器中的运动特性关系到反应器的反应效率和反应质量.为探求中浓纸浆在升流式反应器内的流动规律,作者利用自行研制的中浓纸浆漂白试验系统采用示踪法进行了研究.结果证明:中浓纸浆在升流塔内流动时的运动和塔器的截面形状,流动速度相关.对其中气体的运移也进行了一定深度的研究.     

Carbon-13 NMR evidence for cocrystallization of cellulose as a mechanism for hornification of bleached kraft pulp

Solid-state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy was used to characterize a bleached softwood kraft pulp in the never-dried state and after cycles of drying and remoistening. Changes in NMR signal strengths indicated that growth of crystalline domains involved cocrystallization rather than accretion of cellulose from noncrystalline domains. A cluster of C-4 signals at 89.4 ppm, assigned to the interiors of crystalline domains, grew at the expense of C-4 signals at 84.0 and 84.9 ppm, assigned to the well-ordered surfaces of crystalline domains. Irreversible changes were not detected until the moisture content dropped below 18%. They were enhanced by a second drying/remoistening cycle, but showed little further change on subsequent cycles. The necessary conditions resembled those reported for hornification, suggesting that cocrystallization might provide a mechanism for hornification.     

Determination of ultra-trace gold in natural water by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry after in situ enrichment with thiol cotton fiber

A simple method of determining ultra-trace Au in natural water was presented by using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry (GFAAS) after in situ enrichment with thiol cotton fiber (TCF). The sample solution was adjusted to pH 1.5-2.0 with HCl, then the water sample was passed through a column packed with 0.10-0.20 g TCF and the flow rate was controlled at 20-40 ml min⁻¹. The effects of interferences, such as complexing and oxidizing agents and other elements adsorbed on TCF were overcome by chemical treatments prior to the desorption of Au. The adsorbed Au was adsorbed with 2.0 ml hot acid, then it was extracted with 1.00 ml methyl isobutylketone (MIBK). For a 5 l water sample, the detection limit of Au is 0.02 ng l⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) for the determination of 1.44 ng l⁻¹ Au was 9.4%.The method was applied to determine ultra-trace Au both in suspended phase and soluble phase in natural water, the concentrations of total Au in natural water samples range from 0.51 to 67.82 ng l⁻¹. The recovery of added 0.50-6.00 ng l⁻¹ Au was 80-95%. The method is useful in prospecting for Au deposits by means of hydrogeochemical methods. The enrichment is carried out in the field, and then the determination of Au is completed later in the laboratory.     

Electrophoretic study of the effect of ultradisperse iron powder on cotton seed proteins

The protein composition of seeds treated with a suspension of ultradisperse iron was studied using electrophoresis on PAAG. Changes were noted in the fractions with relative electrophoretic mobility (REM) 0.11 of water-soluble and REM 0.37 of buffer-soluble An-9 cotton seed proteins. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 384–385, July–August, 2006.     

纯棉针织物活性染料预碱法染色工艺研究

采用传统染色工艺和预减法染色工艺，对纯棉针织物进行染色实验。通过对各自固色率的分析比较，并从活性染料的染色原理进行分析，指出预减法染色可以提高活性染料的固色率。     

棉纤维与精梳纱之间性能关系的探讨

为了确定棉纤维性能对精梳纱性能的影响，分别从梳棉前的纤维中和同一纺纱工艺流程的粗纱中选同样９种不同的纤维作为试样进行实验。根据实验数据．得到了纤维性能与纱线性能之间关系的回归方程式，为从纤维直接预测纱线性能提供了一条快速、简捷的方法和途径。     

混合精矿体系中方铅矿与黄铁矿浮选分离的矿浆电化学（Ⅰ）─—方铅矿表面丁基黄原酸铅的电化学还原动力学

采用恒电流极化法首次研究了方铅矿表面丁基黄原酸铅的电化学还原动力学行为，测定了丁基黄原酸铅电化学还原的动力学参数（如过电位、传递系数及交换电流密度），建立了还原反应的动力学方程，证实在方铅矿表面丁基黄原酸铅的电化学还原反应是一个不可逆电化学过程，过电位高达３０８ｍＶ。