蟛蜞菊化学防治研究

利用两种常用的除草剂草甘膦和克无踪对野外及盆栽的蟛蜞菊进行杀灭试验，结果表明：利用克无踪杀灭蟛蜞菊用药量少．见效快．克无踪200倍液对蟛蜞菊有较好的抑制效果，但药效期短，对蟛蜞菊起不到彻底防治的作用；草甘膦药效慢但持久，100倍以上的浓度对蟛蜞菊有较好的控制作用，是防治蟛蜞菊的适合药剂。     

齿叶橐吾中甾醇类化合物结构研究

从齿叶橐吾根部的（Ｖ（石油醚）：Ｖ（乙醚）；Ｖ（甲醇）＝１：１：１）提取液中分离出４个甾醇类化合物，经ＩＲ，＾１ＮＨＭＲ，＾１３ＣＮＭＲ，ＤＥＰＴ，ＥＩＭＳ等光谱方法鉴定它们为：麦角甾－６，２２－二烯－３β，５α，８α－三醇（１），豆甾－５－烯－３β－醇－７酮，豆甾－４－烯－６β－醇－３－酮，豆甾－４－烯－６α－醇－３－酮，其中化合物１在天然界属首次发现。     

大花旋覆花中的新倍半萜内酯

从大花旋覆花（ＩｎｕｌａｂｒｉｔａｎｎｉｃａＬ．ｖａｒ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）中分离得到了３个新倍半萜内酯化合物，应用波谱技术和化学方法确定了其结构。其中二乙酰基大花旋覆花内酯（１，６—Ｏ，Ｏ—ｄｉａｃｅｔｙｌｂｒｉｔａｎｎｉｌａｃｔｏｎｅ）显示有细胞毒活性。同时，从该植物中还得到了蒲公英醇、蒲公英醇乙酸酯、胡萝卜甙、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸甘油酯。     

Gene flow from genetically modified herbicide-resistant rapeseed to cruciferous weeds

The sexual compatibility between genetically modified (GM) glyphosate-resistant rapeseed variety Q3 (Brassica napus L.) and 5 cruciferous weeds is studied through the observation of fluorescence microscopy and cross-fertility after manual pollination. The results indicated that Q3 (as male) was highly incompatible with Thlaspi arvense L., Capsella bursa?pastoris (L.) Medic, Cardamine hirsuta L. and Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser (as female). Fluorescence microscopic observation showed that growing of pollen tubes terminated on the stigma surface or at the upper 1/3 part of the style. However, B. juncea×Q3 was compatible, and the compatibility index was 1.65. Under the neighboring growth and natural pollination conditions, the rates of gene flow from Q3 to T. arvense, C. bursa-pastoris, C. hirsute and R. palustris were all 0, while it was 0.86% for B. juncea. These results indicate that there is difference in the rate of gene flow between GM rapeseed and cruciferous wild weeds, and frequency of gene flow is highly correlated with sexual compatibility.     

Artselenoide, a New Dimeric Guaianolide from Artemisia selengensis

Inaprelindnary.ommunication',wehavereportedonanewguaianolideartseleninisolatedfromArtemisiaselengensisTurcz(Compositae).Inthepresentpaperwedescribethestructureelucidationofartselenoide1obtainedasanewdimericguaianolidefromthesamepart.1wasobtainedascolorlesspowders,mpl85-l86D,[a]." l25(cO.l,MeOH).TheIRspectrumexhibitedabsorptionbandsduetohydroxyl(3435cm-'),Ylactone(l764cm-')anddoublebond(l648,l635,l456cm-')groups.Themolecularformu1aCstheooof1wasdeducedfromthedataofESIMS(Inlz5l9[M Na] ,53…     

不同种植模式对补骨脂生长及其产量的影响

以补骨脂为试验材料,研究三种种植模式对补骨脂生长及其产量的影响。通过对补骨脂大田生育期、相关农艺性状、叶绿素含量、种子产量指标的测定和分析,结果表明:三种种植模式对补骨脂的生长发育和产量均有显著影响,其中,宽垄双行-两边地膜覆盖-中间稻草覆盖种植模式的综合表现最好,农艺性状表现为株高整齐,茎围粗,有效叶片多,长势强,抗倒伏,产量居于试验产量的第一位166.33 kg/667m2,较对照多40.63 kg/667m2,增产极显著,比较适合西昌地区补骨脂的生产栽培。     

水稻栽培新途径稻克草技术栽培措施的多因素分析

证实以高产优质高效为目的的水稻栽培新途径稻克草技术的科学性。优选出稻克草栽培技术的主要技术措施，对常规水稻栽培的行株距，轩数，施肥法，除草情况和水稻品种进行多因素多水平正交试验，得出了稻克草栽培技术措施的最佳组合和科学性，并在多重复对比试验中得到验证。     

A new naphthoquinone and other antibacterial constituents from the roots of Xanthium sibiricum

Reinvestigating the chemical constituents of the roots of Xanthium sibiricum led to the isolation of a new naphthoquinone (1), together with 13 known compounds (2–14). Their structures were elucidated by using spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, and by comparing their NMR data with those of related compounds. Compound 1 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus tetragenus and Staphylococcus aureus, while 6 and 12 showed stronger antibacterial activity than the positive control ciprofloxacin against E. coli, with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 0.17 and 0.35 μg/mL, respectively.     

Inhibitory effects of the extracts with different solvents from three compositae plants on cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosas

The algicidal activity of the terrestrial plants is a novel and promising means for alga control of eutrophic waters.In this study,three compositae plants — Artemisia annua(A.annua),Conyza canadensis(C.canadensis),and Erigeron annuus(E.annuus) were selected and antialgal activity of petroleum ether(PE),ethyl acetate(EA) and ethanol extracts of these plants on blue algae Microcystis aeruginosa was investigated.The result shows the EA extracts of these plants present the stronger inhibitory effects.The result...