全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3353篇 |
免费 | 173篇 |
国内免费 | 172篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1772篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 43篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
数学 | 433篇 |
物理学 | 427篇 |
综合类 | 1010篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 113篇 |
2021年 | 127篇 |
2020年 | 122篇 |
2019年 | 83篇 |
2018年 | 84篇 |
2017年 | 120篇 |
2016年 | 111篇 |
2015年 | 94篇 |
2014年 | 148篇 |
2013年 | 195篇 |
2012年 | 202篇 |
2011年 | 204篇 |
2010年 | 128篇 |
2009年 | 161篇 |
2008年 | 149篇 |
2007年 | 201篇 |
2006年 | 178篇 |
2005年 | 154篇 |
2004年 | 128篇 |
2003年 | 102篇 |
2002年 | 87篇 |
2001年 | 77篇 |
2000年 | 70篇 |
1999年 | 71篇 |
1998年 | 58篇 |
1997年 | 45篇 |
1996年 | 59篇 |
1995年 | 44篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 47篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 35篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 32篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 8篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有3698条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Resistivity-temperature characteristics of sol gel YBa2Cu3Oy samples synthesized in flowing oxygen atmosphere 下载免费PDF全文
The relationship of resistivity versus synthesizing temperature of sol gel YBa_2Cu_3O_y samples was studied when prepared under flowing oxygen conditions. A set of high-temperature ρ-T curves was obtained for the whole process. After the sample finished the test measuring, its resistivity was ρ_{300}=9.83×10^{-3 }Ω·cm at room temperature. The ρ-T curve also showed that the orthorhombic-tetragonal phase transformation of sol-gel YBa_2Cu_3O_y sample occurred at 581℃ for the sample in the rising temperature process, but at 613℃ in the cooling process, lower than that of the samples made by using the conventional powder metallurgy methods. 相似文献
2.
Tereza C. R. dos Santos Ricardo Q. Aucélio Reinaldo C. Campos 《Mikrochimica acta》2003,142(1-2):63-66
A simple and direct spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of aluminum using alizarin red PS
(1,2,4-trihydroxy 9,10-anthraquinone-3-sulfonic acid). The method is based on the strong fluorescence (480/564 nm) of Al3+ and alizarin red. Experimental parameters such as pH, concentration of the ligand, ionic strength of the solution, reaction
time and temperature were optimized in order to maximize the analytical signal. Interferences of several ions (anions and
cations) were studied and evaluated. The linear range of the method extends from 3 to 100 μg L−1. Limit of detection (3sb) was 0.9 μg L−1. The method was tested with a silicate certified reference material. Interferences were eliminated by a liquid extraction
with cupferron.
Author for correspondence. E-mail: aucelior@rdc.puc-rio.br
Received September 10, 2002; accepted January 15, 2003
Published online May 5, 2003 相似文献
3.
本文介绍事后分层技术,说明了它不仅可用于简单随机抽样,而且可以用于放回PPS抽样。给出了事后分层估计量的形式,证明了它的无编性,并给出了它在交通运输抽样调查中的应用。 相似文献
4.
《Surface and interface analysis : SIA》2004,36(9):1304-1313
For rough heterogeneous samples, the contrast observed in XPS images may result from both changes in elemental or chemical composition and sample topography. Background image acquisition and subtraction are frequently utilized to minimize topographical effects so that images represent concentration variations in the sample. This procedure may significantly increase the data acquisition time. Multivariate statistical methods can assist in resolving topographical and chemical information from multispectral XPS images. Principal component analysis (PCA) is one method for identification of the highest correlation/variation between the images. Topography, which is common to all of the images, will be resolved in the first most significant component. The score of this component contains spatial information about the topography of the surface, whereas the loading is a quantitative representation of the topography contribution to each elemental/chemical image. The simple‐to‐use self‐modelling mixture analysis (Simplisma) method is a pure variable method that searches for the source of most differences in the data and therefore has the potential to distinguish between chemical and topographical phases in images. The mathematical background correction scheme is developed and validated by comparing results to the experimental background correction for samples with differing degrees of topography. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
Olav Kallenberg 《Stochastic Processes and their Applications》1992,40(2):199-223
From the predictable reduction of a marked point process to Poisson, we derive a similar reduction theorem for purely discontinuous martingales to processes with independent increments. Both results are then used to examine the existence of stochastic integrals with respect to stable Lévy processes, and to prove a variety of time change representations for such integrals. The Knight phenomenon, where possibly dependent but orthogonal processes become independent after individual time changes, emerges as a general principle. 相似文献
6.
Sam Efromovich 《Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics》2004,56(2):205-223
A blockwise shrinkage is a popular procedure of adaptation that has allowed the statisticians to establish an impressive bouquet
of asymptotic mathematical results and develop softwares for solving practical problems. Traditionally risks of the estimates
are studied via upper bounds that imply sufficient conditions for a blockwise shrinkage procedure to be minimax. This article
suggests to analyze the estimates via exact (non-asymptotic) lower bounds established for a no-signal setting. The approach
complements the familiar minimax, Bayesian and numerical analysis, it allows to find necessary conditions for a procedure
to attain desired rates, and it sheds a new light on popular choices of blocks and thresholds recommended in the literature.
Mathematical results are complemented by a numerical study.
Supported in part by NSF Grants DMS-9971051 and DMS-0243606. 相似文献
7.
Michael A. Zazanis 《Queueing Systems》1992,11(4):419-428
We examine level crossings of sample paths of queueing processes and investigate the conditions under which the limiting empirical distribution for the workload process exists and is absolutely continuous. The connection between the density of the workload distribution and the rate of downcrossings is established as a sample path result that does not depend on any stochastic assumptions. As a corollary, we obtain the sample path version of the Takács formula connecting the time and customer stationary distributions in a queue. Defective limiting empirical distributions are considered and an expression for the mass at infinity is derived.This research has been supported in part by NSF Grants ECS-8811003 and DDM-8905638. 相似文献
8.
本文讨论嵌套病例对照研究中相对危险率的估计问题,引入了相对危险率的两步估计,并在一般嵌套病例对照抽样的假设下讨论了相对危险率的两步估计的相合性问题,最后给出了几个例子。 相似文献
9.
刘丽群 《西安联合大学学报》2005,8(1):58-60
20世纪以来,基因研究得到了广泛重视,尤其是人类基因组序列的测定给制药、保健、农业和食品制造等产业带来了巨大商机。与此同时,基因侵权事件屡屡发生,尤其是在发展中国家。目前在中国,出现的最为普遍、最为严重的侵权行为就是侵犯被研究对象的知情权。对此,应加强知情权的保护,严格约束中方合作单位,加侠基因方面的立法,加强公民的自我保护意识。 相似文献
10.
液相色谱法测定地质样品中的芳香化合物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
发展了用液相色谱法检测地质样品中芳香化合物的方法。对观察到的色谱峰进行了定性分析,了该法对油气地球化学勘探的意义。 相似文献