Versatile Near-Infrared Super-Resolution Imaging of Amyloid Fibrils with the Fluorogenic Probe CRANAD-2

CRANAD-2 is a fluorogenic curcumin derivative used for near-infrared detection and imaging in vivo of amyloid aggregates, which are involved in neurodegenerative diseases. We explore the performance of CRANAD-2 in two super-resolution imaging techniques, namely stimulated emission depletion (STED) and single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), with markedly different fluorophore requirements. By conveniently adapting the concentration of CRANAD-2, which transiently binds to amyloid fibrils, we show that it performs well in both techniques, achieving a resolution in the range of 45–55 nm. Correlation of SMLM with atomic force microscopy (AFM) validates the resolution of fine features in the reconstructed super-resolved image. The good performance and versatility of CRANAD-2 provides a powerful tool for near-infrared nanoscopic imaging of amyloids in vitro and in vivo.     

基于低碳理念的鄂州市城市土地集约利用评价

结合国内外低碳土地利用的研究背景和实践,分析出不同土地利用方式碳排放效应,并对城市土地低碳化与集约化利用进行定性与定量分析,并采用鄂州市实际构建低碳理念下城市土地集约利用评价指标体系,对鄂州市2000-2013年土地利用状况进行分析评价.由此,总结鄂州市再加入低碳因素后土地集约利用的变化规律,并提出相关建议.     

高校图书馆不同功能定位下对音乐元素运用的思考

在高校图书馆传统功能定位下，音乐元素的融入受到了极大的限制。音乐及阅读心理治疗等新功能的设置，则将音乐元素更广、更深地融入到高校图书馆的工作中，可更好地为高校广大师生的学习生活提供服务。从高校图书馆传统功能定位下音乐元素的融入和高校图书馆新功能定位下音乐元素的融入两个方面，提出了高校图书馆不同功能定位下对音乐元素运用的思考。     

"经营城市"与北京历史文化名城的保护、利用

高水平“经营城市”是中共北京市第九次党代会就北京城市发展建设提出的明确要求，而且是在北京要率先实现现代化这一背景下提出的要求。同时，做好北京历史文化名城的保护、利用也是党中央、图书馆对北京城市发展建设提出的具体要求。这两者有着内在的联系，是同一体的两个方面，而不是对立的两个方面。北京提出“经营城市”理念包含着历史文化名城的保护、利用，北京历史文化名城的保护、利用也可以引入“经营城市”理念。为此，北京应进一步全面普查历史文化遗存，深入发掘这些有形资源和无形资源的历史文化价值，进行合理保护和充分利用。     

城市土地规划的优化方法研究

以多目标决策理论、组合优化理论以及预测科学技术为依据 ,首先建立了土地功能配置模型 ,帮助规划师对各种不同功能土地的片面布置进行分析 ,从而找到最合理的城市土地布局 ;然后以遗传算法作为优化工具 ,对建立的模型进行了优化。     

西部地区工矿区域城市化问题初探

城市化是一种极为普遍的现象 ,矿业地区的城市化研究成果在西部地区非常少见 ,现以云南省东川市为例 ,对其发展的现状特征进行分析研究 ,将其城市化分为两个阶段 ,并揭示西部地区城市化的基本动力、地区差异性等特征 ,可为此类城市的发展提供思路     

Differential Entropy and Dynamics of Uncertainty

We analyze the functioning of Gibbs-type entropy functionals in the time domain, with emphasis on Shannon and Kullback-Leibler entropies of time-dependent continuous probability distributions. The Shannon entropy validity is extended to probability distributions inferred from L ²(R ⁿ ) quantum wave packets. In contrast to the von Neumann entropy which simply vanishes on pure states, the differential entropy quantifies the degree of probability (de)localization and its time development. The associated dynamics of the Fisher information functional quantifies nontrivial power transfer processes in the mean, both in dissipative and quantum mechanical cases. PACS NUMBERS: 05.45.+b, 02.50.-r, 03.65.Ta, 03.67.-a     

The benefit of practice for sound localization without sight

An experiment was designed to determine whether normally sighted human subjects would be able to adapt to the handicapping effects of sudden deprivation of visual cues on horizontal plane sound localization. Two groups of sighted normal-hearing young adults participated. One group was allowed the benefit of sight. The other group was blindfolded. Measurements of accuracy and the time to respond were made daily over the course of five consecutive days, in a semi-reverberant sound proof booth that modeled listening in a small office. Sound localization was assessed using an array of eight speakers that surrounded the subject in space. Each day, one block of 120 trials was presented for each of three stimuli, two one-third octave noise bands, centred at 0.5 and 4 kHz, and broadband noise, to assess the utilization of interaural temporal difference cues, interaural level difference cues and binaural and spectral cues in combination. Blindfolded subjects were relatively less accurate than sighted subjects. Both groups showed gains with practice, the blindfolded group to a greater degree, largely due to improvements in the use of spectral cues. The blindfolded group took longer to respond than the sighted group, but showed greater decrements in response time with practice.     

关于半群局部化的一个注记

证明了对于任何的半群Ｓ和其任何的子半群Ｔ，Ｓ在Ｔ的局部化总是存在的。     

抽运激光在光靶中的局域及其对X射线激光特性的影响

新型X射线靶设计为:由SiO2和TiO2组成具有12个周期的一维光子晶体,在它的中间嵌入光靶材料层作为缺陷层,SiO2,TiO2和光靶层的光学厚度分别为λ4、λ4和λ2,λ为抽运激光波长.与普通平板光靶相比,当抽运光垂直照射到这种光靶时,靶层内部的光强将提高2个数量级,所以抽运激光的阈值强度将降低2个数量级,这有利于X射线激光的小型化.在同样的抽运激光照射下,X射线激光的强度将提高4个数量级,转换效率也将提高约4个数量级.由于平均电离度随抽运激光强度的提高而提高,所以采用这种光靶有利于使X射线激光向短波长推进. 关键词： X射线激光 光子晶体 光波局域