Numerical solutions of the shallow water equations with discontinuous bed topography

A simple scheme is developed for treatment of vertical bed topography in shallow water flows. The effect of the vertical step on flows is modelled with the shallow water equations including local energy loss terms. The bed elevation is denoted with z_b^‐ for the left and z_b⁺ for the right values at each grid point, hence exactly representing a discontinuity in the bed topography. The surface gradient method (SGM) is generalized to reconstruct water depths at cell interfaces involving a vertical step so that the fluxes at the cell interfaces can accurately be calculated with a Riemann solver. The scheme is verified by predicting a surge crossing a step, a tidal flow over a step and dam‐break flows on wet/dry beds. The results have shown good agreements compared with analytical solutions and available experimental data. The scheme is efficient, robust, and may be used for practical flow calculations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Transport as a consequence of state-dependent diffusion

Overdamped particles subject to a drift in a force field with sinusoidal space dependence and also a sinusoidally modulated space-dependent diffusion, with the same period as the drift, experience a net driving force. The resulting current depends on the amplitude of the modulation of the diffusion and is a periodic function of the phase difference between the sinusoidal drift and the sinusoidal modulation of the diffusion. For small modulation amplitudes a particle subject to state-dependent noise behaves the same way as a particle subject to thermal noise but with a drift which, in addition to the sinusoidal term, contains a net force term [M. Büttiker,Z. Phys. B 68:161 (1987)]. A specific example of this behavior [N. G. van Kampen,IBM J. Res. Dev. 32:107 (1988); R. Landauer,J. Stat. Phys. 53:233 (1988).] is the motion of overdamped particles in a ring subject to a nonuniform temperature field. When the drift and the temperature, which are periodic with a period equal to the ring circumference, are not in phase a noise-induced circulating current results.This paper will appear in a forthcoming issue of theJournal of Statistical Physics.     

纳米颗粒团聚物流化特性的数值研究

基于气固两相流体动力学理论,建立气体纳米颗粒团聚物两相流动双流体模型.模型中采用了Jung ＆ Gidaspow (2002)测量的固相应力模量和王垚等(2001)提出的聚团曳力系数计算模型.对纳米颗粒团聚物的流化过程进行了数值模拟,得到纳米颗粒团聚物的流化特性.模拟得出的床层膨胀比与文献中实验的结果较为接近.     

平庄局元宝山露天矿基岩疏干方案研究

分析了元宝山露天煤矿水文地质特征与基岩抽水试验情况，提出了元宝山露天矿基岩疏干设计方案，通过该方案的实施，解决了元宝山露天煤矿在剥离工作中出现陷车、陷镐、粘车、粘皮带这一难题，使剥离速度大大加快，缓解了采剥失调、生产接续紧张局面。不仅创造了可观的直接效益，而且间接效益更大，同时为今后的基岩疏干提供了宝贵经验。     

二氧化氯在炼油循环水中的杀菌除泥作用

采用强氧化剂二氧化氯对炼油循环水进行杀菌灭藻、除垢和减缓腐蚀现场试验研究 ,且对试验结果进行了分析 .结果表明 :稳定性二氧化氯可有效控制炼油循环水中微生物量 ,加药量约 1mg/L ,2 4h后杀菌率达 10 0 % ;同时减少粘泥在热交换设备上的形成 ,有效除去污垢 ,使缓蚀剂发挥作用 ,腐蚀速率明显减小 (小于 0 .1mm /a) ,循环水浊度小于 10mg/L ;加药量小于 1mg/L时其对有机磷水稳定剂的影响小 .     

燃煤循环流化床燃烧脱硫的模型预测

燃煤循环流化床燃烧脱硫的模型预测池涌，岑可法，倪明江Ｐ·Ｂａｓｕ（浙江大学能源系杭州３１００２７）关键词：循环流化床，燃烧，脱硫，模型预测一、引言循环流化床锅炉在过去十几年中得到了广泛的应用，但与此同时由于循环流化床内流体动力特性的高度复杂使得数学模...     

Some hydrodynamic aspects of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed

Hydrodynamics of 3-phase inverse fluidized bed is studied experimentally using low density particles for different liquid and gas velocities. The hydrodynamic characteristics studied include pressure drop, minimum liquid and gas fluidization velocities and phase holdups. The minimum liquid fluidization velocity determined using the bed pressure gradient, decreases with increase in gas velocity. The axial profiles of phase holdups shows that the liquid holdup increases along the bed height, whereas the solid holdup decreases down the bed. However, the gas holdup is almost uniform in the bed.     

粉粒状物料透气性系数的测定

对经过分级的六种均齐粉粒状物料进行透气性系数测定。结果表明:球形小米颗粒((?)_p=1.70mm),透气性系数K=1.191×10~(-9)m~2,在整个固定床范围内都符合达西定律;石灰石粉((?)_P=0.900mm),K=5.831×10~(-10)m~2。文中还讨论了达西定律的适用依据和透气性系数的影响因素。     

NG-75/3.82-M2型循环流化床锅炉的技术改造

介绍了煤矸石电厂5^#炉的技术改造特点，通过改造锅炉达到85t／h的满负荷出力；采用燃用煤泥的新工艺及对5^#炉热工监测系统的改造，环保也达到国家要求。     

造纸污泥与废水污泥流化床焚烧时NO_x和SO_2的排放特性研究

1前言流化床焚烧污犯是近年来发达国家广泛采用的方法，它能很好地实现污泥的稳定化、无害化、减容化和资源化处理。燃煤流化床锅炉污染物排放方面已做了大量的研究工作，由于污泥与煤在结构和性质方面的差异较大，因此有必要对流化床焚烧污泥时污染物排放特性进行研究。本文详细研究了造纸、废水污泥在流化床中焚烧时污泥水份、运行床温及过量空气对NO。和SO。的排放特性及污泥N－＋NO。、S－SO。的转化率的影响，并对这两种性质差异较大的污泥焚烧时的NO。和502的生成特性进行了对比分析，取得了许多有价值的结果，为污泥流化床焚烧…