Ordinary Toxicity of Chlorine Dioxide and By-products Chlorite and Chlorate in Water

Acute toxicity and accumulated toxicity of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and by-products chlorite (ClO2-) and chlorate (ClO3-) in water acted on mice are studied by the method of Horn and accumulation coefficient. Subchronic toxicity of the mixture of ClO2 and ClO2-and ClO3- in water acted on rat is studied though feeding test for 90 days, including statistical analysis of variance on weight gaining, food utilization efficiency,index of blood and serum,liver (or kidney) to body weight ratio, and histopathological examination on liver and kidney. The results show that aqueous solution of ClO2, NaClO2 and NaClO3 ( with the concentration of 276.5 mg/L, 200 mg/L and 200 mg/L respectively) and the mixed aqueous solution of ClO2 with the concentration of 553 mg/L are actually non-poisonous , and non-cumulative aqueous solution as well.     

Mild and efficient iodination of aromatic and heterocyclic compounds with the NaClO2/NaI/HCl system

NaClO₂/NaI in the presence of HCl is a mild, cheap, and non-toxic reagent for the iodination of phenols, including estradiol and naphthol, aromatic amines, and heterocyclic substrates, e.g., indoles, 8-hydroxyquinoline, imidazole, in fair to excellent yields by a very simple isolation protocol. The scope of the procedure is exemplified by the first iodination of 5-nitroindole to 3-iodo-5-nitroindole in 75% yield.     

缅甸翡翠砾石中蓝雾和黑皮的成因探讨

 通过对缅甸翡翠砾石产区地质背景、样品观察、矿物学及地球化学等分析，认为蓝雾以及黑皮是在沉积深埋成岩过程中，在有一定温度、压力和流体介质作用下形成的，硬玉的水解溶蚀和绿泥石的沉淀是蓝雾以及黑皮形成的主要原因，形成绿泥石的物质来源有来自硬玉水解溶蚀的组分和来自沉积层中的流体、填隙物中的Fe、Mg等元素的加入，有机质的存在可能促进了Fe、Mg等物质的迁移及沉淀作用。     

An improved colorimetric method for chlorine dioxide and chlorite ion in drinking water using lissamine green B and horseradish peroxidase

Lissamine Green B (LGB) was carefully selected as a potential candidate for the development of a new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method that is intended for use at water utilities to determine chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) in drinking water. Chlorine dioxide reacts with LGB in aqueous solution to decrease the absorbance of LGB in direct proportion to the ClO₂ concentration. LGB was confirmed to have adequate sensitivity, and to suffer less interference than other dyes reported in the literature. The stoichiometry for the reaction between LGB and ClO₂ was found not to be 1:1 and is dependent on the LGB concentration. This required calibration of each LGB stock solution and prompted the investigation of alternate means of calibration, which utilized a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed conversion of chlorite ion (ClO₂⁻) to ClO₂. This approach allowed the simultaneous determination of ClO₂⁻ concentration, which is also required each day at water plants that use ClO₂. Studies were conducted to characterize and carefully optimize the HRP-conversion of ClO₂⁻ to ClO₂ in order to yield reaction conditions that could be accomplished in less than 30 min at modest cost, yet meet EPA's sensitivity and robustness requirements for routine monitoring. An assessment of method detection limit, linearity and slope (or sensitivity), precision, and accuracy in finished drinking water matrices indicated that this approach was suitable for publication as EPA Method 327.0.     

X射线荧光光谱(XRF)法测定绿泥石中镁、铝、硅、磷、钾、钙、钛、铁元素含量

建立了X射线荧光光谱法测定绿泥石中镁、铝、硅、磷、钾、钙、钛、铁元素含量的快速分析方法。以标准物质及标准物质与基准试剂氧化镁、氧化钙人工混合配制标样的方法建立标准工作曲线,重点讨论了熔剂和脱模剂的选取。最佳熔样条件：采用8.0g四硼酸锂和偏硼酸锂混合熔剂(质量比67: 33)+0.8g样品并添加溴化锂作为脱模剂,熔样温度1100℃,熔样时间10min。该方法相对标准偏差(n=12)均小于5.57%,绿泥石样品测定结果与化学法一致,硅酸盐标准物质测定结果均满足不确定度要求。     

亚氯酸钠溶液同时脱硫脱硝的热力学研究

在自行设计的小型鼓泡反应器中, 以亚氯酸钠溶液作为吸收剂, 进行了模拟烟气同时脱硫脱硝实验研究, 得到反应的最佳实验条件以及在此条件下同时脱硫脱硝效率. 分析了反应产物, 推导出了亚氯酸钠溶液与硫氧化物、氮氧化物的反应历程以及总化学反应方程式. 利用热力学原理计算出亚氯酸钠溶液同时脱硫脱硝的摩尔反应吉布斯函数、摩尔反应焓变、化学反应平衡常数以及化学反应达到平衡时SO2和NO的分压力. 结果表明: 亚氯酸钠溶液同时脱硫脱硝是可行的, 且可以几乎100%的脱除烟气中的SO2和NO.     

川东北地区须家河组二段储层差异性分析

随着勘探程度的深入,为了扩大四川盆地天然气勘探领域、寻找新的勘探接替区,四川盆地的勘探区域由盆内逐渐向盆缘延伸.在这种背景下,川东北地区须家河组二段相继取得新的勘探成果,但在勘探开发过程中逐渐暴露了诸如区块之间气井产能差异大,储层的碎屑组分、结构及厚度、物性、孔隙结构差异明显等问题,制约了勘探开发的步伐.针对上述问题,根据岩芯观察描述、分析化验资料及测井解释成果,从沉积、成岩方面入手,对比剖析了川东北龙岗和营山地区须二段储层特征的差异性及其成因,认为远离物源区和高能水体的反复淘洗是造成储层差异性的首要因素,强烈的压实作用和多期石英加大对储层差异性起关键作用,自生绿泥石衬边胶结和长石选择性溶蚀最终决定了储层差异性.从而解释了气藏勘探开发中遇到的诸多问题,对有效指导该区的下一步勘探开发工作具有重要意义.     

广安须家河组二段和四段储层改善因素分析

四川前陆盆地隆起带上须家河组储层大多数为超致密储层.这种储层条件一般不利于形成大型气藏,但由于储层演化过程中的成岩矿物和溶蚀作用,使得储层条件得到很大的改善,并形成大量的岩性气藏.广安地区须二、须四段储层即为典型的低孔渗油气藏,通过岩心薄片观察、数据分析不同层段储层岩性与物性的变化,从而研究须二、须四段储层条件得到改善的不同因素,加深储层认识,加快川中地区油气资源勘探步伐.     

赤铁矿磁铁矿石英和绿泥石的可浮性研究

矿物的电动电位测定和可浮性实验结果表明:十二胺主要以静电力作用吸附在赤铁矿、磁铁矿、石英和绿泥石表面上,但与赤铁矿和绿泥石之间可能存在化学力作用;十二胺对上述矿物的扑收能力的强弱与介质pH值有关,在pH值9—11之间的扑收能力最强;在碱性介质中时矿物可浮性由强至弱的排列顺序为:石英>赤铁矿>磁铁矿>绿泥石;在中性和弱酸性介质中石英的可浮性最好,磁铁矿的可浮性最差;赤铁矿和绿泥石的可浮性居中;通过调整介质pH值和十二胺浓度可能实现石英和磁铁矿的分离。