Non-isothermal thermokinetic of cement hardening

Thermokinetic analysis of cements hydration under nonisothermal conditions was performed. The influence of the application moment, intensity and duration of heat effect on the velocity and completeness of the character of hydration was estimated.     

助磨剂在水泥粉磨中的作用

水泥粉磨过程中加入助磨剂 (三乙醇胺 ) ,引起水泥粒度分布及水泥粗、细粉中各矿物成分的含量与普通水泥粉磨相比发生了变化 ,水泥 3d强度提高 2 5 %左右 ,同时还可缩短粉磨时间 ,降低能耗 1 8%左右     

Hydration Behaviour of Mixtures of Cement and Fly Ash with High Sulphate and Chloride Content

DTA/TG thermoanalytical investigations and X-ray diffractometry were carried out which demonstrate the effect of MSW fly ash on the hydration reactions of pozzolanic cement. The MSW fly ash has high content of calcium sulphate, alkali chlorides and heavy metals. During the first curing period the calcium aluminate reacts with the sulphate to form ettringite. In that period also the presence of syngenite is noted in the pastes. With the growth of the fly ash content of the mixture there is a lengthening of the period in which the hydration reactions of the calcium silicates are inhibited. Subsequently with the progress of hydration in the pastes the CSH phase develops and the formation of calcium chloroaluminate phase is observed. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋钝化膜生长动力学及孔蚀过程的研究

用恒电位电流衰减法及激光扫描光电化学显微技术研究了在于ＰＨ＝１２．５及１３．８的模拟混凝土孔溶液中钢筋钝化化膜的生长动力学及相应的破坏过程，实验结果表明，钢筋钝化膜的生长过程存在两个主要阶段，各阶段膜厚均与生长时间存在正比对数关系，但当ｔ＜３０秒和ｔ＞３０秒时，膜的生长表出出不同的动力学特征，在钝化发生点蚀前，钝化膜的微区光电流一定的预兆，腐蚀抑制剂ＮａＮＯ２影响膜的生长过程及膜厚，能提高钢筋的抗     

Specific surface of two hydrated cements differing in strength

Specific surface, S, of CSH-gel particles of disordered layered structure, was studied by water sorption/retention in two cement pastes differing in strength, i.e. C-33 (weaker) and C-43 (stronger), w/c=0.4. Hydration time in liquid phase was t _h=1 and 6 months, followed by hydration in water vapour either on increasing stepwise the relative humidity, RH=0.5→0.95→1.0 (WS) or on its lowering in an inverse order (WR). Specific surface was estimated from evaporable (sorbed) water content, EV (110°C), assuming a bi- and three-molecular sorbed water layer at RH=0.5 or 0.95, respectively (WS). On WR it was three- and three- to four-molecular (50 to 75%), respectively, causing a hysteresis of sorption isotherm. At RH=0.5 the S increased with cement strength from 146 m² g^-1 (C-33, 1 m) to 166 m² g^-1 (C-43, 1 m) and with hydration time to 163 (C-33, 6 m) and to 204 m² g^-1 (C-43, 6 m). At RH=1.0 (and 0.95), higher S-value were measured but these differences were smaller: S amounted to 190-200 m² g^-1 in C-33 (1 and 6 m) and 198-210 m² g-1 in C-43 (1 and 6 m). Thus no collapse occurred on air drying of paste C-43 (6 m). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Elemental Analysis of Cement by Calibration-Free Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) and Comparison with Laser Ablation – Time-of-Flight – Mass Spectrometry (LA-TOF-MS), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDX), X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), and Proton Induced X-Ray Emission Spectrometry (PIXE)

The purpose of the present study is to determine the elemental composition of Pakistani cement brands using calibration-free laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) and to compare the obtained results with the other analytical techniques such as, laser ablation – time-of-flight – mass spectrometry (LA-TOF-MS), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and proton induced X-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE). Compositional results reveal that all the cement brands are mainly composed of calcium, silicon, iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, titanium, lithium and strontium with varying concentrations. The compositions obtained by LIBS and LA-TOF-MS are in good agreement with results obtained by the other standard techniques and demonstrate the potential use of LIBS for the online monitoring of industrial cement production.     

Structure and Property Characterization of Oyster Shell Cementing Material

Oyster shell powder was used as the admixture of ordinary portland cement.The effects of different addition amounts and grinding ways on the strength and stability of cement mortar were discussed and proper addition amount of oyster shell powder was determined.The structure and property changes of cementing samples with different oyster shell powder contents were tested by XRD and SEM means.The results revealed that compressive and rupture strengths of the sample with 10% oyster shell powder was close to those of the original one without addition.Stability experiment showed that the sample prepared by pat method had smooth surface without crack and significant expansion or shrinkage after pre-curing and boiling,which indicated that cementing material dosed with oyster shell powder had fine stability.XRD and SEM observation showed that oyster shell independently exists in the cementing material.