以木薯渣,黄浆为原料生产酒精技术经济评价

对利用木薯渣，黄浆为原料生产酒精作技术经济评价，认为该工艺经济效益显著，适用于年产木薯淀粉１０＾４ｔ以上木薯淀厂三废处理技改项目。     

基于超声活化的淀粉-丙烯酸高吸水树脂的制备及性能

以经超声活化的木薯淀粉、丙烯酸为原料,N,N＇-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸铵一亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发剂,通过水溶液聚合法制备了淀粉一丙烯酸复合高吸水树脂。分别对丙烯酸与淀粉的摩尔比、中和度、引发剂用量、交联剂用量、进行单因素实验和正交实验,并通过极差、方差分析对影响材料吸水率的影响因素进行统计分析。结果表明,最佳的反应工艺条件为：丙烯酸／淀粉摩尔比9、中和度77％、引发剂用量0．5％、交联剂用量0．085％,在此条件下所合成的淀粉一丙烯酸高吸水性树脂吸水率为1554g／g。该树脂具有较强的耐盐性能,在NaCI、MgCl2、FeCl3溶质溶液均能发生吸收,且在60rain左右均可达到饱和,饱和时吸液率分别可达到145、83、35g／g,且树脂具较强的保水性能,在25、50、75℃的恒温水浴条件下放置16h时,树脂的保水率分别为80．1％、61．2％、42．2％。     

木薯秸杆黄原酸酯的制备及其对重金属Cr3+吸附性能的研究

以木薯秸杆为原料,经过碱化处理后,进行黄原酸化反应制得木薯秸杆黄原酸酯(SCX).同时对SCX吸附Cr3+的性能及影响因素进行了研究.结果表明,当Cr3+浓度为20 mg/L时,SCX用量为0.2 g、溶液pH值为9、反应温度为30℃、反应时间为30 min的条件下,SCX对Cr3+的吸附率达79.5％.     

造纸用改性木薯淀粉的研制

对木薯淀粉的氧化工艺条件进行研究，并制备了用作造纸施胶剂的改性木薯淀粉，试用于手抄纸，能提高纸张的裂断长１９．７％和撕裂度１０．５％。     

Cassava flour wastewater as a substrate for biosurfactant production

Five cassava flour wastewater (manipueira) preparations were tested as culture media for biosurfactant production by a wild-type Bacillus sp. isolate. No-solids (F), no-solids diluted (F/2), natural (I), natural diluted (I/2), and decanted (IPS) were the tested manipueira media. The microorganism was able to grow and to produce biosurfactant on all manipueira preparations. The media whose solids were removed (F and F/2) showed better results than preparations with the presence of solids (I, I/2, and IPS). No-solids medium (F) showed a surface tension of 26,59 mN/m and reciprocal of critical micelle concentration of over 100 and was selected as a potential substrate for biosurfactant production.     

KPS-A引发木薯淀粉丙烯腈接枝共聚反应的研究

报道了用廉价的Ｋ２Ｓ２Ｏ８—助引发剂Ａ（ＫＰＳ—Ａ）代替价格昂贵的铈盐（ＩＶ）作引发体系，引发木薯淀丙烯腈的接枝共聚反应。通过正交试验找出了接枝共聚反应的最佳工艺条件。     

Development of a bionematicide with Paecilomyces lilacinus to control Meloidogyne incognita

Root-knot disease caused by Meloidogyne incognita is a matter of grave concern because it affects several economically important crop plants. The use of solid-state fermentation (SSF) may help to elaborate efficient formulations with fungi to be employed in the biologic control of nematodes. Attempts were made to select low-cost substrates for spore production of a strain of Paecilomyces lilacinus with known nematicide capacity. Coffee husks, cassava bagasse, and defatted soybean cake were utilized as substrates, and sugarcane bagasse was used as support. Fermentations were carried out in flasks covered with filter paper at 28°C for 10 d. The products obtained by SSF were evaluated for their nematicide activity in pot experiments containing one seedling of the plant Coleus inoculated with the nematode M. incognita. The plants were evaluated 2 mo after inoculation. Fermented products showed a reduction in the number of nematodes. The best results were obtained with defatted soybean cake, which showed almost 100% reduction in the number of nematodes; the reduction with coffee husk was 80% and with cassava bagasse was about 60%.     

合成表面活性剂烷基多苷的催化剂研究

对以木薯淀粉和十六醇为原料合成表面活性剂－烷基多苷(APG）的催化剂进行了研究，试验结果表明，无机酸催化剂以硫本为好，有机酸催化剂以对甲苯磺酸为好，复合催化剂以硫酸－磷酸为好。     

木薯淀粉微球的止血性能初步研究

为了初步探索木薯淀粉微球用作局部止血材料的止血性能,本研究以酸改性木薯淀粉为原料,三偏磷酸钠为交联剂,采用水包水乳液-交联法制备木薯淀粉微球。通过体外和体内止血试验评价木薯淀粉微球的止血性能。研究结果表明,木薯淀粉微球组的全血凝固时间、血浆复钙时间及家兔脾脏划破止血时间均显著低于空白对照组(P0.05),与云南白药组相比无显著差异(P0.05)。初步证明木薯淀粉微球的体外及体内止血性能良好,具有用作局部止血材料的良好潜力。     

水包水乳液法制备木薯淀粉微球的研究

【目的】探明淀粉溶液组分含量和制备条件对淀粉微球产率及粒径的影响规律,以及鉴定淀粉微球的基本理化特性。【方法】以可溶性木薯淀粉(SCS)为原料,采用水包水乳液法制备淀粉微球;采用单因素试验,考察淀粉溶液中NaOH与H2O质量比、温育温度和温育时间对木薯淀粉微球(CSM)产率和粒径的影响;采用扫描电镜、红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪对CSM进行表征分析;采用MTT细胞检测方法,对CSM的细胞毒性进行评价。【结果】当NaOH与H2O质量比为1.0∶50、温育温度为25℃、温育时间为6h时产率可达(70.7±0.9)%。上述3个因素对CSM的粒径影响均不显著(P0.05),且NaOH与H2O质量比和温育温度过高时不利于制备分散良好的微球;SCS多为圆形或卵形截切型,CSM较为圆整,基本上均为圆球形;SCS和CSM的红外光谱图基本相同;SCS基本保留了木薯原淀粉的结晶区,CSM属于无定形态物质,无结晶态存在;CSM对人肝细胞的生长没有抑制作用。【结论】提高NaOH与H2O质量比、温育温度和温育时间均有利于提高CSM的产率;SCS和CSM的化学组成基本相同,但在形态和晶体结构上具有明显的区别;所制备的CSM对人肝细胞无毒性,具有良好的生物相容性。